Grade 5 Essential Lab # 7 Get Connected

Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation

Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support SpecialistKeisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist

Millard Lightburn, PhD, District Science Supervisor, PhD, District Science SupervisorDivision of Science

Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy &Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy &Big Idea 11: Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Energy Transfer and Transformation Transformation

SC.5.P.10.1SC.5.P.10.1 - Investigate and describe some basic forms of - Investigate and describe some basic forms of energy,energy,

including light, heat, sound, electrical, chemical, and including light, heat, sound, electrical, chemical, and mechanical.mechanical.

SC.5.P.10.2SC.5.P.10.2 - Investigate and explain that energy has the - Investigate and explain that energy has the ability to cause motion or create change. ability to cause motion or create change.

SC.5.P.10.4SC.5.P.10.4 Investigate and explain that electrical energy Investigate and explain that electrical energy can be transformed into heat, light, and sound energy, as can be transformed into heat, light, and sound energy, as well as the energy of motion.well as the energy of motion.

SC.5.P.11.1 - Investigate and illustrate the fact that the flow of SC.5.P.11.1 - Investigate and illustrate the fact that the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit (a complete loop).electricity requires a closed circuit (a complete loop).

SC.5.P.11.2 - Identify and classify materials that conduct SC.5.P.11.2 - Identify and classify materials that conduct electricity and materials that do not.electricity and materials that do not.

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Lesson Objectives:

Studentstudents should be able to:Define electricity. Understand the role of electrons in electricity. Model the flow of electrons in a circuit.Build an actual electric circuit.Explain how to tell when the path of an electric circuit is complete.Test the conductivity of a variety of materials.Explain how electrical energy can be transformed into light, heat, sound and motion.

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What is Energy?

Energy is the ability to do work. is the ability to do work.

How do we use electricity?How do we use electricity?

Electricity powers nearly every modern Electricity powers nearly every modern gadget, from refrigerators to gadget, from refrigerators to smartphones. But do you know smartphones. But do you know how electricity works? You'll find out ? You'll find out how electricity keeps our daily lives how electricity keeps our daily lives flowing.flowing.

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What is electrical energy?

A form of energy that is produced A form of energy that is produced when when Electrons move from one place move from one place to another.to another.

Electrons are particles that are in the Electrons are particles that are in the space around the nucleus of an atom.space around the nucleus of an atom.

The forces of attraction and repulsion The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move.make electrons move.

http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter02.html66

Lab # 7: Get ConnectedLab # 7: Get ConnectedHow does an electric circuit work?How does an electric circuit work?

Let’s look at some parts of a circuit.Let’s look at some parts of a circuit.

What do you notice about the … What do you notice about the …

bulbbulb wire battery wire battery

What do you need to do to make a What do you need to do to make a circuit to light the bulb? circuit to light the bulb? 77

What do you need to do to What do you need to do to make a circuit to light the bulb?make a circuit to light the bulb?

Try it. = Try it. =

Now try it with two wire.Now try it with two wire.

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Think about this… Lab # 7: Get ConnectedLab # 7: Get Connected

Write your responses in your notebook.

1. Is electricity flowing through the systems you built? How do you know?

2. What do you think are necessary elements of all complete circuits?

3. What kind of energy makes a battery work?

4. Name the transfers of energy in the circuit you built.

5. What are you wondering now?99

How do you think a battery works?Battery Power

How does it work?How does it work?

A battery contains 2 different metals.A battery contains 2 different metals. Metals like all matter are made up of atoms. Metals like all matter are made up of atoms. Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. One of the metals in the battery wants to give up its One of the metals in the battery wants to give up its

electrons and the other metal wants to accept them.electrons and the other metal wants to accept them. Connecting the wires, and the bulbs to a battery, Connecting the wires, and the bulbs to a battery,

gives the electrons a path to travel from one metal to gives the electrons a path to travel from one metal to another. another.

Those traveling electrons are electricity.Those traveling electrons are electricity.1010

How is either of the circuit models you built similar to a flashlight’s circuit?

How does a flashlight work?How does a flashlight work?When the switch of a flashlight is pushed into the ON position, it When the switch of a flashlight is pushed into the ON position, it makes contact between two contact strips, which begin a flow of makes contact between two contact strips, which begin a flow of electricity, powered from the battery. electricity, powered from the battery. The batteries rest atop a small spring that is connected to a contact The batteries rest atop a small spring that is connected to a contact strip. strip. The contact strip runs down the length of the battery case and The contact strip runs down the length of the battery case and makes contact with one side of the switch. There is another flat makes contact with one side of the switch. There is another flat contact strip on the other side of the switch, which runs to the lamp contact strip on the other side of the switch, which runs to the lamp (light bulb), providing an electrical connection. (light bulb), providing an electrical connection. There is another part connected to the lamp that makes contact with There is another part connected to the lamp that makes contact with the positive electrode of the top battery, thus completing the circuit the positive electrode of the top battery, thus completing the circuit to the lamp and completing the generation of electricity.to the lamp and completing the generation of electricity.

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1.1. How should you connect the materials How should you connect the materials you have to make a path to test the you have to make a path to test the flow of electricity?flow of electricity?

2.2. Make a plan with your group.Make a plan with your group.

3.3. Connect the parts to test your plan. Connect the parts to test your plan. Does the bulb light up? If not keep Does the bulb light up? If not keep trying. trying.

4.4. Draw a picture of your working circuit. Draw a picture of your working circuit. Show how the parts work.Show how the parts work.

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Lab # 7: Get Connected

Activity #2

Activity #2Activity #2 Which common materials are good Which common materials are good conductors for the flow of electricity? conductors for the flow of electricity?

Object Prediction Conductor or Insulator

penny

Pencil (wood part)

Pencil (metal part)

Eraser

Paper clip

nail

Plastic spoon1313

Looking BackLooking Back

1. Were your predictions correct? How do you know?

2. How are the materials that conducted electricity allowing the bulb to light alike?

3. Which material created the brightest bulb?

4. What are you wondering now?

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Electrical Resources

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Electricity in our Lives

Simple Circuits

Building Circuits

Parts of the Circuit and their Jobs

1.1. Source of currentSource of current

2.2. Carries currentCarries current

3.3. Turns circuit on Turns circuit on and offand off

4.4. Changes electrical Changes electrical energy to lightenergy to light

A.A. BatteryBattery

B.B. BulbBulb

C.C. SwitchSwitch

D.D. WireWire

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5. What does making a complete circuit mean?6. Why are many wires coated with plastic?

Electricity Project Ideas

Give a presentation Act it out Write a story about…

• wasting energy daily.wasting energy daily.

• loosing electricity for one week.loosing electricity for one week.

• realizing that conserving energy helps the entire realizing that conserving energy helps the entire community.community.

Create a model Write a report or an essay Compose a song Make a poster

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Writing PromptsWriting Prompts

Make a Drawing with Labels

Create a drawing to Create a drawing to include everything you include everything you would need to make a would need to make a light-bulb light or light-bulb light or

a radio work. a radio work.

Label your drawing and Label your drawing and use arrows to show the use arrows to show the direction of the current. direction of the current. Describe how the circuit Describe how the circuit works. works.

Write to ExplainWrite to Explain

A classmate is studying a A classmate is studying a cord that connects a lamp cord that connects a lamp to a wall outlet. The to a wall outlet. The classmate sees that the classmate sees that the inside of the cord is made inside of the cord is made of metal wire, and that of metal wire, and that the outside of the cord is the outside of the cord is made of plastic. Explain made of plastic. Explain why each of these why each of these materials is used in the materials is used in the cord. cord.

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What is the Transfer of Energy? Energy can move from one object to another.Energy can move from one object to another.

< << <

light electrical light electrical chemical

What does the energy of a lit light bulb What does the energy of a lit light bulb change into after the flashlight has been on change into after the flashlight has been on for a while?for a while?

Heat Energy Heat Energy

What can electrical energyWhat can electrical energy be changed to? be changed to?

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Gizmo Energy Conversions

Transformation of EnergyTransformation of Energy

A.

B.

A.

C.

Explore Learning GIZMO: Energy Conversions

B.

B.

Forms of Energy

Energy Forms

1. Heat/thermal2. Chemical3. Mechanical4. Light/Radiant5. Electrical6. Sound

What Happens?

A. Objects vibrateB. Objects warm. Food cooks. C. Organisms move and grow. D. Lights on. / Machines run.E. Flashlights light up.F. Sled slides down the hill.

Online ResourcesOnline Resources((See Pacing Guide Topic VII Page 3))

http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspDetail&ResourceID=638&ClassID=0

http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/circuit-construction-kit-dc

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/6_7/electricity.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/10_11/changing_circuits.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/8_9/circuits_conductors.shtml

http://www.andythelwell.com/blobz/guide.html http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/idptv11_vid_d4kele/ http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/phy03_vid_zelectgrl/ http://thehappyscientist.com/ss-fl-g5

More Online ResourcesMore Online Resources

http://acs.org http://www.tryengineering.org/lessons/flas

hlight.pdf http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch

.uk/revision/science/electricity.htm http://www.energizer.com/learning-center/

Pages/how-flashlights-work.aspx http://

www.teacherresourcesgalore.com/clip_art_science_circuits.htm

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Discovery Education ResourcesDiscovery Education Resources

Exploration: Exploration: About Electricity Reading Passage: Reading Passage: All Charged Up Video: Video: Electrons Video: Video: Two Kinds of ElectricityExploration:Exploration: Electric Current Reading Passage: Reading Passage: Need a Jump Video: Video: Circuits Video: Video: Electrical Flow

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