grade 8 algae, protozoa, and slime molds
TRANSCRIPT
Domain Eukarya
Cell type: Eukaryotic
Cell wall: Present in
some (as cellulose or
chitin), absent in some
Domain Eukarya
Mode of Nutrition:
autotrophs,
heterotrophs, or both
Reproduction: asexual,
sexual, or both
Habitat: Diverse
Kingdom Protista
It is actually an
obsolete term that
describes plant-like,
animal-like, and fungus-
like organisms
(mainly unicellular).
Kingdom Protista
Today, this term is not
preferred by biologists
because they have
shown that these
organisms are either
plants, animals, fungi,
or belonging to their
own unique group.
Kingdom Protista
Autotrophs (Algae)
Heterotrophs w/o Cell Walls (Protozoa)
Heterotrophs with Cell Walls (Slime Molds)
Algae
Structure:
• Eukaryotic
• Unicellular or multicellular
organisms
• Have chlorophyll as the main
pigment for photosynthesis
• No true roots, stems, or leaves
Algae
Mode of nutrition
• Most are autotrophic (some
are both autotrophic and
heterotrophic)
Reproduction
• Sexual and asexual
Ecological Importance
• PRODUCERS of aquatic
habitats
Groups of Algae
•Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
•Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
•Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
•Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata)
•Euglenids (Euglenophyta)
Green Algae
• Contain chlorophyll in their chloroplasts
• Some have cell walls made of cellulose
• Most scientists today consider them as plants
• Has unicellular and multicellular forms
• No true roots, stems, or leaves
Chlorella
• Unicellular green algae
• High in protein and other nutrients – used in food supplements
• Excessive growth can sometimes cause problems in lakes,
aquaria, etc.
Red Algae
• They are red because of the pigment phycoerythrin
• Mostly live in the ocean – seaweeds
• Source of carageenan and agar – gels that can be used for a
variety of purposes
Brown Algae
• They are brownish because of the pigment fucoxanthin
• Mostly live in the ocean – seaweeds
• Largest and the fastest growing of all seaweeds
• Can be a food source
Dinoflagellates / Pyrrophyta
• Unicellular organisms that could do photosynthesis though some
combine photosynthesis and ingesting food
• Excessive growth (Algal bloom) causes death of marine
organisms
Euglenids
• Unicellular organisms with
chloroplasts and flagella
• When there enough light, they
are autotrophs. When there is
insufficient light, they become
heterotrophs.
• They are positively
phototactic.
Protozoa
• A DIVERSE group
of unicellular eukaryotic
organisms.
• They are heterotrophic - they rely
on the environment and other
organisms for their nutrition.
• They DO NOT HAVE
chlorophyll.
Importance
• Protozoa are commonly prey
so they are an important food
source.
• As predators, they
eat unicellular algae, bacteria,
and microscopic fungi.
• Protozoan species include both
herbivores and consumers in
the decomposer link of
the food chain.
Amoeba
• A type of cell that can
alter its shape.
• They have pseudopodia
(pseudopods – false feet)
• Mostly Unicellular and
heterotrophic.
Trypanosoma
• - Unicellular parasite.
• - Flagellate protozoa
• - In invertebrate host they are found in the intestine, But
in mammals they are commonly found in the
bloodstream.
• - Causes Sleeping sickness.
Plasmodium
• - Commonly known as malaria parasite
• - a large genus of parasitic protozoa
• - It is heterothopic.
• - it causes Malaria : a lethal diseases usually found in tropical
regions.
• - It has 2 host in this life cycle: a human or a mosquito vector.
Paramecium
• - A genus of unicellular ciliated
Protozoa.
• - commonly found freshwater,
brackish and marine
environments.
• - used in labs as test subject
• - also called as white rat.
Leishmania
• - A genus of parasitic protozoa.
• - responsible for the disease Leishmaniasis.
• - commonly infects rodents, humans and canids
• - Leishmaniasis is commonly carried by sandflies.
• - Leishmaniasis is a disease that causes skin ulser.
Slime Molds
Phylum Myxomycota
• Fungus-like organisms that are
consumers
• feed on bacteria growing on rotting
logs and decaying leaves.
• Their cell wall is made up of chitin
Slime Molds
If conditions become
uncomfortable—not
enough food available, the
temperature isn't right,
etc.—individual cells begin
gathering together to form
a single structure.
Water Molds
Phylum Oomycota
• Water molds have flagellated
reproductive cells.
• Downy mildews parasitize plants
and are decomposers in
freshwater ecosystems.
• Their cell wall is made up of
chitin.