gram negative bacilli (gnb).ppt - mymensingh medical college file/gram negative... · all oxidase...
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Gram Negative Bacilli Gram Negative Bacilli
(GNB)(GNB)(GNB)(GNB)
Professor Md. Akram HossainProfessor Md. Akram Hossain
Mymensingh Medical CollegeMymensingh Medical College
12/24/13 1Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Enterobacteriaceae with peritrichous flagella or no flagella
12/24/13 2Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
12/24/13 3Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Salmonella12/24/13 4
Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram negative bacilli -Introduction
Shigella with no flagella
12/24/13 5Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Yersinia pestis
12/24/13 6Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Vibrio cholerae with polar flagella
12/24/13 7Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Helicobacter- curved bacilli with polar flagella12/24/13 8
Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram negative bacilli -Introduction
Pseudomonas with lophotrichous flagella
12/24/13 9Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
H. Influenzae – a cocco bacilli12/24/13 10
Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram negative bacilli -Introduction
Bordetella
12/24/13 11Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Legionella
12/24/13 12Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
12/24/13 13Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Francisella
12/24/13 14Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Categories of GNBCategories of GNB
1.1. Related to Enteric tractRelated to Enteric tract•• Enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae –– Esch coli, SalmonellaEsch coli, Salmonella
•• Vibrionaceae Vibrionaceae –– Vibrio cholerae etcVibrio cholerae etc
•• Pseudomonadaceae Pseudomonadaceae –– Pseudomonas aeroginosa Pseudomonas aeroginosa
•• Bacteroidaceae Bacteroidaceae –– Bacteroides fragillis etcBacteroides fragillis etc•• Bacteroidaceae Bacteroidaceae –– Bacteroides fragillis etcBacteroides fragillis etc
•• Helicobactor/ campylobacterHelicobactor/ campylobacter--
2.2. Related to Respiratory tractRelated to Respiratory tract•• Haemophilus, Legionella, BordetellaHaemophilus, Legionella, Bordetella
3.3. Animal sourcesAnimal sources•• Brucella, Francisella, pasteurella, YersiniaBrucella, Francisella, pasteurella, Yersinia
12/24/13 15Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
EnterobacteriaceaeEnterobacteriaceae
�� Large, heterogeneous familyLarge, heterogeneous family
�� Found mainly in the colon of humans and other Found mainly in the colon of humans and other animalsanimals-- many of them as normal flora of the gut.many of them as normal flora of the gut.
�� Family propertiesFamily propertiesAll Facultative anaerobeAll Facultative anaerobe1.1. All Facultative anaerobeAll Facultative anaerobe
2.2. All ferment glucose (With or without gas)All ferment glucose (With or without gas)
3.3. All reduce nitrate to nitriteAll reduce nitrate to nitrite
4.4. All oxidase negative ( other enterics are oxidase positive)All oxidase negative ( other enterics are oxidase positive)
5.5. Some are Motile with peritrichous flagella and some are Some are Motile with peritrichous flagella and some are nonmotile.nonmotile.
12/24/13 16Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Members of EnterobacteriaceaeMembers of Enterobacteriaceae
1.1. EscherichiaEscherichia Esch. coliEsch. coli
2.2. SalmonellaSalmonella S. typhi, S.paratyphi.S. typhi, S.paratyphi.
3.3. ShigellaShigella Sh.sonni,Sh.boydiiSh.sonni,Sh.boydii
4.4. KlebsiellaKlebsiella K. pneumonae,K. aerogenesK. pneumonae,K. aerogenes
5.5. ProteusProteus Pr. mirabilis, Pr.vulgarisPr. mirabilis, Pr.vulgaris
6.6. EnterobacterEnterobacter E. cloacaeE. cloacae6.6. EnterobacterEnterobacter E. cloacaeE. cloacae
7.7. CitrobacterCitrobacter C. freundiC. freundi
8.8. HafniaHafnia H. alveiH. alvei
9.9. SerratiaSerratia S.marcescensS.marcescens
10.10. YersiniaYersinia Y.pestis , Y.enterocoliticaY.pestis , Y.enterocolitica
11.11. ProvidenciaProvidencia P. rettgeriP. rettgeri
12.12. MorganellaMorganella M.morganiiM.morganii
12/24/13 17Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
ClassificationClassification
�� Clinical classificationClinical classification�� Primarily intestinal pathogenPrimarily intestinal pathogen
�� Primarily extraPrimarily extra--intestinal pathogenintestinal pathogen
�� Both intestinal and extraBoth intestinal and extra--intestinal intestinal Both intestinal and extraBoth intestinal and extra--intestinal intestinal
�� Classification based on lactose fermentationClassification based on lactose fermentation�� Lactose fermentersLactose fermenters
�� Lactose non fermentersLactose non fermenters
�� Late fermentersLate fermenters
12/24/13 18Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Clinical classificationClinical classification
�� Primarily Intestinal Pathogen Primarily Intestinal Pathogen 1. Shigella 2. Y. enterocolitica1. Shigella 2. Y. enterocolitica
�� Intestinal & Extraintestinal PathogenIntestinal & Extraintestinal Pathogen1. Salmonella 2. Esch. coli1. Salmonella 2. Esch. coli
�� Extra Intestinal pathogenExtra Intestinal pathogen--1.1. Klebsiella 2. Proteus 3.Enterobacter Klebsiella 2. Proteus 3.Enterobacter
4. Citrobacter 5. Y. pestis etc...4. Citrobacter 5. Y. pestis etc...
12/24/13 19Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Classification based on lactose fermentationClassification based on lactose fermentation
�� Lactose fermenters Lactose fermenters
11. . Esch coli 2. Klebsiella, 3. Enterobacter Esch coli 2. Klebsiella, 3. Enterobacter
4. Citrobacter 5. Serratia4. Citrobacter 5. Serratia
�� Lactose non fermentersLactose non fermenters�� Lactose non fermentersLactose non fermenters
11. . Salmonella 2. Shigella except Sh.sonni 3. ProteusSalmonella 2. Shigella except Sh.sonni 3. Proteus
�� Late lactose ferments Late lactose ferments ––
11. . Sh.sonni 2. Citrobacter 3.Providencia 4. SerratiaSh.sonni 2. Citrobacter 3.Providencia 4. Serratia
12/24/13 20Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Antigenic structureAntigenic structure
�� 3 major surface antigens3 major surface antigens
�� “O” “O” –– antigen or somatic antigen, outer component antigen or somatic antigen, outer component
of LPS.of LPS.
�� “H” “H” –– antigen or flagellar antigen antigen or flagellar antigen �� “H” “H” –– antigen or flagellar antigen antigen or flagellar antigen
�� “K” or “Vi”“K” or “Vi”-- antigen antigen –– capsular antigen capsular antigen
12/24/13 21Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
Clinical importanceClinical importance
�� Produce two types of diseasesProduce two types of diseases
�� Diarrheal diseasesDiarrheal diseases
�� Other infectionsOther infections
�� UTIUTI
PneumoniaPneumonia�� PneumoniaPneumonia
�� BacterimiaBacterimia
�� SepticemiaSepticemia
�� SepsisSepsis
�� Menintigits Menintigits
�� Wound infectionWound infection
�� Hospital infectionsHospital infections
12/24/13 22Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction
12/24/13 23Prof. Muhammad Akram, Gram
negative bacilli -Introduction