grammar 1 chapter 2

7/27/2019 Grammar 1 Chapter 2

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APast continuor-ls or sirnple?

-l'h,-' plst corrtirrrrorrsLook ac this questior and ansvrrr:

Alice: I rang yesterday, but 'tou wcrcil't in. Were you playingDavc: No, I was hclping Bob. Ite werc working on ltis car. IThc past continuons is the ;)asr rensc oCbc + thc ing-forr:r;

tetmis?tuasn't playing yesterday .

BWe use the past continuotts to say that rve were in the nridd'rc oflap acrion.( orrtirrtrt>rrs or sirnplc?Lcok at chis paragraph:It was a louely day, and the.sutt was shining. I was walking across rhefck{ when I saw a platte. Itwaslying very low- It was nuking d slrange noise, and I knew'there was a probletn. lt canre dowtt itttlrc nextfeld, and I heard a crash. I ran to the uillage and phonedfor help.Compare:

| / hc / sbc / it was workin gI/he/sbe/it \ /asn't workitrgwas he/she/it worldng?

PAS'| CONTINUOUS'We use the past continuous to say that wcwerc in the middle ofan actiorr:I was wqlkirg across the_fic[rl.( I was in thefeld.)1-|rc plane waslying very lotu.

you/wc/they wcrc workicgy ou / w c/ rhcy weren' t workin gwere you/we/rhey working?

PAST SIMi'LE'We use the past sinrple for a conrplcre acrionin the pasr:I walkzd across thefeld.(I crossed it completely.)The plrine crashed in afeld.

Wc ofi-en usc tltc past contirrtlotrs to dcscribc clrc backgrotrncl arrcl thc p:rst sirrrplc {-or t[rc .rctiorrs ia.story:Tltc sun was shining. . . . I ratt to the village.Thc crou,ds were waiting. . . .'['|rc Princcss arrtvcd.Verbs of thinking a.nd feeling rnd st.atc verbs are usuaily sirnple, not collcirluous. (For more dccailssee (Jr-rit 3.)I thought evcrythingwas OK. We lil:ed thtf,lm..I kncu' thcre tuas a problern. Mr Youttg once du,lcd the f etd .Wc oltcn Llsc [hc past continutotts atrti sirrrplc togcthcr wl'rcp a sIortcr actic, iltcrruptccl a lorrgcronc (canre in thc nriddlc of it):t.fcll ttslrcy tririlc I ruas rt,arcltittq tclcuisiot't.

IrVt were sitGug itt lhc gar'lctr tvhttt it suddcnly stqrte d lo roitt'l1tc pltonc r,tttp tultilc Cury'rro, tttaking lurtch.Lorigcr action: .;1:S[rorrcr action:Wc usc t\\/o pe:it sirtrplc vcrtrs lcr onc xctiorl aftcr anothcr:Lfit:tt I hcard tlrc crttsh, I ratt to tlrt villagc. (= I lrcard it and thcrt I rarr.)

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(,

SIMPLE PAST(a) lwathed to school Yesierday.(b) He livdin Paris for ten

years, but now he is living inRome.( c ) I 6o..tfir a ncw car three daYs' 880'

The simple past indicaresthat an activity or situationbegan and endcd a a patticulartime in the past-

[f'a sentence contains ofrsrend has the simple pasr inboth clauses, the action in the"rashrlr clause" happens first.In (O: lst: The rain began.2nd: I stqod tmder a tree.

PAST PR.OGRESSTVE

D EXERCISE 2{: Ue thc SIII{PLE PAST or thc PAST PR.OCR.ESSIVE in 'Jre foi}owing-l, I am sitting in class righr now. I (n, tffir lld*trf in clasc 8r lhis

( d ) I srood under r tree ohen itbegan to roin'(e) Wknduhecrdastangenaise' she Pr uP toinvestigate.(f ') Whcn I &oPPdnY cry, thecof{ee tPilld on mY IaP.

( g ) I ular rucllig down thestreet whcn it bcgan to rein.( h ) Whilc I rrro urtrAirg downlhe street, it began to rain.( i ) I toar stodin3under a reewhen it began to rain.( i ) At eight o'clock last night, Iu:as tard3rilq.( k ) t sst year at this time, I ecs

aaetding school.

In (g): lsr: I wrs walkingdowo the street.2nd: It began to rain.In other *'ords, both ectionsoccutred rt thc aamr dme,but otre aciroa bega,n earltra*d tl,os ,n plogr?ss uhan .thtathq actiort occuttcd-In 0): My studying beian be-fore 8:00, wes in protress atthlt dsre, end probrbly con-tinued.

( I ) Yhilc I tmr rruderg ia oneroom o[ our tgafttaent, myroommate ertt Actk aparry in the other room.Sometimes the pest progres-sive ie used in both partt o( isentence when tivo rctiossare in progress simultane-ously.

(m) It rci,rcd this morning.( n ) It raar raiaiag this morning. In some cases, the simPlepast and the past progressivegive slnaosl the seme mern-in& .s in (m) and (n)-

exact sarre time YexerdaY.


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2. I don't want to go lo the zoo tday becausc it is raining. The same thin&happenctl yestertlay. I (toant, nor) -- - - ' : to go to rhc zoobecau$e it (rain)

3. I (rclD - Roger at nine last night. hut he (6e, ror)at h('me. IIe (stud-y)a( the litrrary

,1. I (At'cr rr.'r)----- ='-.-- the rhunder during the stornr last5. It was trcauri[ul yesterday rvhcn we went for a rvalk in the park..'l-he sun

(shine) A ccrol breezc (btou't]'he birds (sing)6. lVty brother and sister (orge) ahout somethin.qwhen I (walh) into the room.

,J I got a packagc in the mail !7hen I (qfiez)(find) a snrPrrse

- 8. 'lirmmy went to his fricnd::' house. hut the hoys (6r. nol)there--'l'hcy (play) ---:-*- soccer in

the vacanl lot down the street.9- Stanlcy (rlrnrh) rhe slairs when he (rnD) - -and ([allY. , Luckilv. he (f,rrrt. noio "-- --himsclI

I0. While Mrs. Emcrson (rc,arD thc littk hoy a story,hc ([al{\ aslcen. so she (c/o.se)rhc hrrok and quictly iriproe) oul of the room-

I l. I realty enioyed my vrcation last January. lfhile it (-rnmu)Florida. Whilc yorr (shorel'l --,--. snor*'in lowe. I (lic)

on thc beach in FloridaI2- Whilc 'led (showl) snow from his driveway

it, I

ye sterdry, his wife (lring) , him a cup o[ hot ch


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7ITXerctses

'IIre past (:orltinirotrs (A)Complctc thc convcrsirion. Put in a past concinuousJcrcmy: I'm a[r:rid I'r,c brokcrr this dish.Sue: Oh no! V,'hat I

-)

Jcrctrrlr; I2 -- -- it inro rlte clipipg-ro:rm. ibun-rpre d intr: Ernnla. Shc -1-- our jursr as.4r ---___-'- ltl-Ilrnma: [t vras your fauk. You s You67 - wl:ere you

[onn ot'tli,: vcrb on tllc riglrr.1 you do) ..1- ^3 cc.lrrcd ort5 drcanr6 not look7gu

Past continuous or sirnple? (B)Put in rire past continuous or past simple.

ICrn: I hear rhe lights o_-r,ettt our lasc. Cirarles: Yes, I D_g2g5 watchin;1. televisionprografflrrle l---tlie elcctricity 2ten minures. I 3Angela: Sar:air a

night,at tlre tinre. Theintercsting, coo. Buton again afrer abourvcry nruch of ir.dt-:wn the stair: rvhen rhe_ over.ights u,r:htTom and I out. S[re ,rlmost s6

ogoo r,,.a cclir 5ll2 cornc3 not miss-{ conie5 i:il6 piay7 rvork8 liappen9 stop 10 go

Jessica:Peter: tabie tennis ac the tirne.I7-- compuccr. V/hen itt ITry9

vrork and l o- ro bcd.Past continuous or sirnp)e? (B)Find the second part of t:acir scntcnce. Put each verb in brackets into rhe pasc conri*Lrous or pastsimplc.fl I (drcarn) +------D 'When Mrry (scc) thr: qrrcstion,1 The train (wair)2 Ella (have) a punctLlre3 'When I (tf") thc prrdding,4 Wlicn I(aren (iifc) the chair,5 WIie n thc gatcs (opcn) , ,.,6 t (rcad) a library book

she (fcci) a suddcn pain in lrer back.whc:.r she (drivc) on rhc moronvay.rvlre n I (find) a {1A norc berrveen nvo paqesthe crorvd ('rvalk) in. 'slrc (knorv) clrc arrswer.rvlrcrr tlrc alarnr clock (ring).I (likc) it.,.r'hcn we (arrivc) ar the sration.

Jtuas d rc a m irgyleuLhc-ainm,sipt*-ru:S-WAuMuy-say,Llte-question. slrc kneru tltc arlsJuet. _

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grammar 1 chapter 2

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