grammar book
TRANSCRIPT
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Que vs. Cual
Ser
Estar
Gustar
Transition Words
Imperfects
Trigger Words
Acabar de +infinitivo
Formulas and Hacer expressions
Verbs like gustar
Reflexive verbs
DOP and Placement
Preterite
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Cual?- Which?
Que?- What?
Cual is used for selection from a group
Que is used when asking for defintion
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Descriptions- Que es?
Origin- De donde es?
Characteristics- Como es?
Time- Que hora es?
Occupation- Que hace?
Relationships- Quien es?
Possession- De quien es?
Events- Cuando/Donde es?
Dates- Que dia es hoy?
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Health- Como estas?
Emotions- Como estas?
Location (en)- Donde estas?
Present Condition- Como estas?
Ing- Ques esta haciendo?
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Subjects
› Me gusta
› Te gusta
› Le gusta
› Nos gusta
› Os gusta
› Les gusta
Emphasis
› A me me gusta.
› A ti te gusta
› A usted/el/ella le
gusta
› A nosotros nos gusta
› A vosotros os gusta
› A ustedes/ellos/ellas
les gusta
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Y
Tambien
Ni
O
Para
Pero
Asi
Luego
Nunca
Ahora
Primero
Despues
Ni
Por
Asi
Entonces
And
Also
Nor
Or
For
But
So
Later
Never
Soon
Now
First
After
Neither nor
Because of this
Causing this to appen
Then
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Imperfect –ar Verbs
-aba -abamos
-abas -abais
-aba -aban
Se
-era -eramos
-eras -erais
-era -eran
Imperfect –er/ir
-ia -iamos
-ias -iais
-ia -ias
Ve
-veia -veiamos
-veias -veiais
-veia -veian
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-iba -ibamos
-ibas -ibais
-iba -iban
Uses
› Past tense
› Repeated Action
› Continual Action
› Not a specific
moment
› Time/date/age/feeli
ngs/descriptions
› Interrupted activity
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Todos los dias A menudo
A veces
Siempre
Cada dias Los Lunes
Generalmente
Mientras
De vez en cuando Muchas veces
Frecuentemente
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To have just finished
-acabo de -acabamos de
-acabas de -
-acaba de -acaban de
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Hace + time+ que+ conjugated verb› Used to talk about how much time you’ve been
doing something
Hay + que + infinitive› Used to talk about what needs to be or must be
done
Se prohibe + infinitive› Tells what is prohibited
Se permite + infinitive› Tells what is permitted
Ir + a + infinitive› Tells what someone is going to do
› Conjugate ir
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Must have indirect object
“to whom?” or “for whom?”
Ex: fascinar, faltar, encantar, importar,
interestar, molestar, doler
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Reflects action upon self
Subject is “do-er” and reciever of action
End in –se
Subject and object are the same
Ex: ducharse, lavarse, ponerse, peinarse
Reflexive pronouns› Me nos
› Te os
› Se se
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Affirmative› Conjugate verb to “tu” form, drop the “s”
› Add an accent mark to the 3rd to last syllable when syllabification changes
Negative› Conjugate verb to “yo” form, change the last letter to the
opposite vowel (ar->e, ir/er->a), add “s”
Irregulars› Di- decir
› Haz- Hacer
› Ve- ir
› Pon- poner
› Sal- salir
› Se- Ser
› Ten- tener
› Ven- Venir
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Attaches to:
› Infinitive verbs (ex: voy a comerlo)
› Tu commands (ex:comelo!)
› Present progressive (gerunds) (ex: comiendolo)
› -me -nos
› -te -os
› -lo/la -los/las
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Used for completed
actions in the past
-ar verbs
-e -amos
-aste -
-o -aron
-ir/er verbs
-I -imos
-iste -
-io -ieron