Grammar Book

Table of Contents

Imperfect

Preterite (Car Gar Zar, Spock, Cucaracha, Snake)

Modal Verbs

Adverbs

Progressive (Pres, Past)

Future (irregular )

superlatives

Formal Commands

prepostions

conditionals

Demonstartives

Preterite

AR

ER/IR

-e

- i

-aste

- iste

- o

- io

- amos

- imos

- aron

- ieron

Car Gar Zar

Car + yo = -que

Gar + yo = - gue

Zar + yo = - ce

Any other conjugation follows the normal conjugation rules!

Spock

Ir/ Ser- Fui, fuiste, fue, fumos, fueron

Dar/ Ver- i, iste, io, imos, ieron

Hacer - hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hiceron

Cucaracha Verbs

Andar anduv-

(Yo=e, Tu=iste, El=0, nosotros-

imos, ellos= ieron

Estar Estuv-

Poder puse-

Cucaracha Verbs

Querer Quis-

(Yo=e, Tu=iste, El=0, nosotros-

imos, ellos= ieron

Venir Vin-

Dicir Dig-

Cucaracha Verbs

Trear Traj-

(Yo=e, Tu=iste, El=0, nosotros-

imos, ellos= ieron

Conducir Conduj-

Producir produj-

Cucaracha Verbs

Traducir Traduj-

(Yo=e, Tu=iste, El=0, nosotros-

imos, ellos= ieron

Snake- Snakey

SNAKE Stem Changers (Dormir)

Dormir

Dormi

Dormimos

Dormiste

Durmio

Durmieron

SNAKEY Y Changers

Leer

Lei

Limos

Leiste

Leyo

Leyeron

Modal Verbs

ir+a+infinitive (going to do something)

Poder+infinitive (able to do something)

querer+infinitive (to want to do something)

deber+infinitive (should do something)

tener+que+infinitive (to have to do

something)

Soler+infinitive (to be accustomed to)

necesitar+infinitive (need to do something)

Adverbs

1st make the adjective feminine, 2nd if there are 2 adverbs than you change the second one to mente.

If the adjective does not end in (o or a) then keep it the way it is.

Irregulars= mucho, bien, ya, muy, mal, tan, bastante, y siempre

Progressive y past progressives

Imperfect + Estar = You were doing something

Imperfect + Estar + Ando/iendo/yendo = You are doing something

Future

Infinitive + Yo e

Infinitive + Tu as

Infinitive + el/ella a

Future

Infinitive +

nosotros emos

Infinitive +

Ellos, Ellas

an

Future Irregulars

Yo- Ir(iba), Ser(era), Ver(Veia)

Tu- Ir(ibas), Ser(eras), Ver(veas)

El/ella- Ir(iba), Ser(era), Ver(veia)

nosotros-Ir(ibamos),Ser(eramos),

Ver(veiamos)

ellos/ellas-Ir(iban),Ser(eran),

Ver(veian)

Superlatives

Used when you are saying if someone has the most or least of something.

El, La, Los, Las - mas (most)

El,La, Los,Las- Menos (least)

Formal Commands

Start in yo form

Drop the -o

Add (for ar verbs) -e(ud), -en(ustds)

Add (for er & ir verbs) -a(ud), -an(ustds)

Prepostions

Abajo- Down/ Under

Arriba- On top of

Debajo de- Below

Dentro de- Inside

Encima de - Above

Fuera de- Not there

Conditions

Used to express the probobalitity of something to occur

Infinitiv

e + Infinitive +

ia, ia

s,

ia,

iam

os, ia ia, ias, ia,

iamos,ianHablar, Hablaria, Hablarias, Hablaria, Hablariamos, Hablarian

Demonstarives

This= Este, Esta

That= Ese, Esa

That Over There = Aquel, Aquela

These= Estos, Estas

Those= Esos, Esas

Those Over There= Aquellos, Aquellas