grammarian’s notes i.1 your name mrs. beasley english ii 24 august 2015
TRANSCRIPT
GRAMMARIAN’S Notes I.1Your Name
Mrs. Beasley
English II
24 August 2015
NOTE: The English Department at GHS uses MLA (Modern Language Association) formatting.
Grammar I.2.1 Monday 8/24/2015 ENGII
PreTask: What do you notice???Notice the parts of speech as you read this passage.
He and all the crew were watching me intently, their faces filled with tension and concern. I put my head down, and something suddenly clicked.
MENTOR TEXT: “Swimming to Antarctica” by Lynne Cox.
Questions:1. Which nouns are concrete, and
which are abstract?
2. Which part of speech are the words intently and suddenly, and what words do they modify?
Answers:1. The concrete nouns are crew,faces, and head. The abstract nouns are tension and concern.
2. Intently (modifying watching) and suddenly (modifying clicked)are both adverbs.
ENG II 8/24/2015
EQ: What are parts of speech and why is it important to learn about them? Questions Notes
Summary
There are 8 different parts of speech:
1. Nouns2. Pronouns3. Verbs4. Adjectives5. Adverbs 6. Prepositions7. Conjunctions8. Interjections
Knowing the parts of speech will lead to excellent writing.
Cornell Notes
Grammar I.2.2
EQ: Why are nouns important? Questions Notes
Summary
The word “noun” comes from the Latin “nomen,” which means name.
Cornell Notes
A noun is a part of speech that names a person, place, thing.
Grammar I.2.2
EQ: Why are nouns important? Questions Notes
Summary
Concrete Nouns name something you can taste, see, touch, smell, or hear.
Cornell Notes
Abstract Nouns name something you can not perceive through your 5 senses.
Grammar I.2.2
EQ: Why are nouns important? Questions Notes
Summary
Collective Nouns name a group of people or things.
Cornell Notes
Compound Nouns are made up of two or more words acting as a single unit and may be written as separate words, hyphenated words, or combined
words.
Grammar I.2.2
EQ: Why are nouns important? Questions Notes
Summary
Common Nouns name any one of a class of people, places, or things. These are lower cased when written.
Cornell Notes
Proper Nouns name a specific person, place, or thing.
These are capitalized when written.
Noun of Direct Address name of a specific person to
whom you are directly speaking. Always proper.
Grammar I.2.2
POST Task: Do you got it???Label the types of nouns in the examples
Person ,Place, or Thing?
library, Dallas, garden, city, kitchen, James River,
Uncle Mike, neighbor, girls, swimmer, Bob
chair, pencil, freedom, research, happiness
Grammar I.2.2
POST Task: Do you got it???Label the types of nouns in the examples
Concrete or Abstract?
hope, improvement, independence
person, cannon, road, city, music
Grammar I.2.2
POST Task: Do you got it???Label the types of nouns in the examples
Collective or Compound?
army, choir, troop, class, crew, faculty
coffee table, battlefield, self-rule
Grammar I.2.2
POST Task: Do you got it???Label the types of nouns in the examples
Common or Proper?
dog, dad, doctor, flower, rose, woman
UGA, Alex, Dr. Flinn, Main Street
13.1 A and BHomework Handout
Grammar I.2.3
EQ: Why are pronouns important? Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
A pronoun is a part of speech that stands in for a noun.Pronouns helps writers or speakers avoid awkward repetition of nouns.
The Antecedent is the noun to which the pronoun refers. It comes before the pronoun.
Grammar I.2.2
POST Task: Do you got it???Circle the pronoun and underline the antecedent.
Goofy is here, and he is happy.
The cat ate its food.
Jarjar gave his book to Lizzy.
Grammar Notes • Brought to you by
Grammar Girl
8/31/2015
EQ: How do I make nouns plural?Questions Notes
Summary
It is easy to make nouns plural. The last letter or letters of the word determine what you need to do.
Cornell Notes
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
Usually, you just add “s”
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
ActionHolePencil
ActionsHolesPencils
8/31/2015
EQ:Questions Notes
Summary
When the word ends in ch,s, sh, x, or z, add es.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
BirchesFoxesKlutzesPlatypusesThrushes
BirchFoxKlutzPlatypusThrush
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
When the word ends in y, look at the letter before the y. If it is a vowel, add s.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
HolidaysKeys
HolidayKey
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
When the word ends in y, look at the letter before the y. If it is a consonant, change the y to i, and add es.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
ralliesrally
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
Words that end in o, are random. Some take s and others, es. You have to memorize the spelling.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
CellosEchoesKangaroosTomatoes
CelloEchoKangarooTomato
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
If you are dealing with a family name, or product, just add s.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
BlackberrysClerys
BlackberryClery
8/31/2015
EQ:Questions Notes
Summary
With compound nouns, add s to most important word.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
Brothers-in-lawRunners-up
Brother-in-lawRunner-up
8/31/2015
EQ:Questions Notes
Summary
With abbreviations, add a small s.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
CDDVDM.D.
CDsDVDsM.D.s
8/31/2015
Questions Notes
Summary
Some nouns defy the rules altogether.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
TeethDeerOxenChildrenMiceKnives
ToothDeerOxChildMouseKnife
GRAMMARIAN’S Notes I.1Your Name
Mrs. Beasley
English II
24 August 2015
NOTE: The English Department at GHS uses MLA (Modern Language Association) formatting.
Grammar Notes • Brought to you by
Grammar Girl
8/31/2015
EQ:Questions Notes
Summary
NounsPronouns and Antecedents Making Nouns Plural
Cornell Notes
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Pronouns are bunched together into 3 cases (categories).
Cornell Notes
Subjective Case The doer of the action; the one who acts She ate 30 bananas.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Objective Case
The receiver of the action; the one who sits back and lets it all happen to her (or him).
The judge gave her the prize.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Possessive Case
Shows ownership
Her dog threw up on my shoes.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
First PersonTells the story from the point of view of the person who is talking.
I often wonder what my dog is thinking.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Second Person
Directs the text to you, the reader. It’s usually used in nonfiction.
Try not using a pronoun for an hour; see if you can.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Third Person
Observes the story from the outside. The narrator can let you know what is happening in different people’s thoughts and can follow different characters.Sarah hates cats; so, she was surprised to find one in her room.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
NOTE
I is only used as a subject
I will go.
Me is only used as an object
Give the book to me.
You threw the ball; Squig threw you.
You can be used both ways.
EQ: How are pronouns categorized?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Sometimes the pronoun you is invisible.
Smell the roses.
Catch that cat.
8/31/2015
EQ: What is the difference between action and linking verbs?Questions Notes
Summary
A verb is a word or group of words that expresses time while showing action, a condition, or the fact that something exists.
Cornell Notes
8/31/2015
EQ: What is the difference between action and linking verbs?Questions Notes
Summary
An action verb tells what action someone or something is performing.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
Tara learned about summer sports.The TV blared.
We chose two artists from Texas.I remember the film about the Alamo.
8/31/2015
EQ: What is the difference between action and linking verbs?Questions Notes
Summary
A linking verb is a verb that connects its subject with a noun, pronoun, or adjective that identifies or describes the subject.
Cornell Notes
EXAMPLES:
The man is a famous actor.
The stage floor seems polished.
8/31/2015
EQ: What is the difference between action and linking verbs?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
The Most Common Linking Verbs:The forms of be . . .
am am being can be had been
is is being could be has been
are are being may be have been
was was being must be could have been
were were being shall be may have been
should be might have been
will be shall have been
would be should have been
will have been
would have been
8/31/2015
EQ: What is the difference between action and linking verbs?Questions Notes
Summary
Cornell Notes
Other Linking Verbs:
Other Linking Verbs
Appear Look Sound
Become Remain Stay
Feel Seem Taste
grow smell Turn
EXAMPLES:
The fans sound happy.
The driver stayed alert.
GRAMMARIAN’S Notes I.1Your Name
Mrs. Beasley
English II
24 August 2015
NOTE: The English Department at GHS uses MLA (Modern Language Association) formatting.
8/31/2015
EQ:Questions Notes
Summary
NounsPronouns and Antecedents Making Nouns PluralThe Pronoun Categories Verbs – Action and Linking
Cornell Notes
EQ: How can I tell action and linking verbs apart?Questions
Notes
Sometimes words can be used as action verbs or linking verbs, depending on the sentence.
Summary
Cornell Notes
EQ: How can I tell action and linking verbs apart?
Answers
Summary
Practice:
Cornell Notes
Squig appears happy.
Squig appears in the crowd.
The orc tastes the soup.The orc tastes yucky.
Aard looks nice.
Aard looks at the sky.