Graphics and Animation

Multimedia Projects Part 2

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Graphics in Multimedia Graphics are an element that virtually

all multimedia applications include.

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What is a graphic?A graphic can be a:

ChartDrawingPaintingPhotographLogoNavigation buttonDiagram

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What do graphics look like?Graphics can be:

Black and White (2 colors)

Grayscale (all variations of black)

Color (RGB – best for web and computer or CMYK – best for printing images)

Still

Animated

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What do graphics do?Graphics can:

Illustrate or demonstrate procedures

Clarify data

Convey ideas

Tell stories

Add visual appeal

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Computer Graphics Technology Images created or edited on

computers are either:Bitmapped graphics

Vector graphics

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What are bitmapped graphics? Bitmapped graphics, also known as

raster graphics, consist of grids of tiny dots called pixels. Each pixel is assigned a color.

Can be a continuous-tone image, such as a photographBitmap graphic editors are called paint programsEnlarging a bitmap graphic may cause the image to lose crispness and clarity, will get pixilated.

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What are vector graphics?

Vector graphics use mathematical formulas to define lines, curves, and other attributes.

Generally much smaller than raster graphic files

Vector graphic editors are called draw programs

Do not lose clarity as you enlarge them.

Appear as bitmaps on computer monitors because computer monitors consist of pixels

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Graphics Quality Two factors that determine graphics

quality are resolution and color depth.Resolution is the number of pixels per inch. Computer Monitors use 72dpi.

Color depth refers to the number of distinct colors an image can contain. It can range from 2-bit (black and white) to 24-bit (16.7 million colors).

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Graphic File FormatsA computer can save and interpret graphic images in a variety of formats. Some of the most common are:

GIF (Graphics Interchange Format)

JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)

TIFF (Tagged Information File Format)

PIC (PICTure)

BMP (bitmap)

TGA (Targa)

PNG (Portable Network Graphics)

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Editing GraphicsGraphics editors have features for changing the sizes of images as well as their colors and other attributes. These include:

Dithering

Cropping

Anti-aliasing

Resizing

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Dithering Creates the illusion that an image has more colors than it really has

BeforeAfter

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CroppingCropping is used to eliminate unwanted parts of a picture

Before

After

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Anti-aliasingAnti-aliasing smoothes the lines or transitions between neighboring colors and shapes

Not anti-aliased

Anti-aliased

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ResizingResizing is changing the height and width of the image

CorrectOriginal

Incorrect

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What is animation?Animation is when images achieve the illusion of motion.

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Animation in Multimedia Some common uses of animation

include:An animated navigation button that changes when the cursor passes over it (rollover) Tutorials using animated graphics for demonstrationWeb site advertisements that are animated to attract attentionComputer games using animation to simulate action

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Digital PhotographySteps to Good Composition1. Focus2. Center the subject3. Use rule of thirds4. Check the background5. Unifying Elements6. Special Effects7. Action settings

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FocusFocus can mean two

things

1. Is the picture clear. OR

2. What is the focus or purpose of the picture

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Center the SubjectThis is the most common mistake, give the focus of the photo prominence without it being perfectly centered

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Rule of ThirdsDivide the photo into thirds either horizontally or vertically to achieve balance

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Rule of thirds examples and usage

Good

Not Good

Better

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Check the BackgroundBe sure to rid the photo of non-essential “clutter so more attention is on the Focus of the photo

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Unifying ElementsTo help the eye wander around the photo use line or geometric shapes to tie the photo together

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Geometric Shaping

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Special EffectsChoose different angles, distances and perspectives to create interest. Changing lighting can also be effective

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More Effects

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Still more effects

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Lighting

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More lighting

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ActionWith a digital camera it is easier to capture action than ever before just find the correct setting on your camera