grass and osgeo: a framework for archeology
TRANSCRIPT
Markus Neteler
Foundation Edmund Mach (FEM)
Research and Innovation Centre
Trento, Italyneteler at cealp.it
Quarto Workshop Italiano
"Open Source, Free Software e Open Format
nei processi di ricerca archeologica"Roma, 27 e 28 aprile 2009
http://www.archeo-foss.orgGRASS GIS and OSGeo:
A framework for archeology
http://www.foss4g2006.org/contributionDisplay.py?contribId=214&sessionId=54&confId=1
http://grass.osgeo.org/devel/grasshist.html
GRASS: command line and
graphical user interfaces
1982.... 1995
2007..
today
GRASS6 spatial data types
2D raster maps and imagery2D/3D topological vector maps3D raster (voxels) volumes
fully integrated 400+ modules
add-ons managed on Wiki + SVN
raster: 2D/3D map algebra, DEM analysis, flowtracing, buffers, neighbourhood analysis, solar, cost surfaces, covariance,
image: rectification, multispectral, radiometric correction, principal and canonical component analysis, reclassification
visualization: 2D display,
3D interactive visualization
GRASS6 functionality I
Vector: buffers, overlays, conversions, networks, linear referencing system, digitizing, topology, triangulation, voronoi polygons
DBMS: attribute management with SQL
Transformations: projections,
raster-vector conversions, interpolation/approximation
Web Services
WMS support with r.in.wms
WFS support with v.in.wfs
KML/KMZ - Google Earth through
v.out.ogr and r.out.gmap (in add-ons)
GRASS6 functionality II
Connecting the OSGeo stack
Portability, interoperability GRASS
View InteractTeach
SpatialAnalysisModeling
GeostatisticsPredictive modeling
Databaseengine:Tables,attributes
DBF
vector
raster
External data
Visualize
Web Processing
Service
GRASS GIS and QGIS
QGIS Geodata Viewer with GRASS Toolbox,
GPS Support and plugins...
http://qgis.org
GRASS GIS: new graphical user interface
Written in Python/wxWidgets Intuitive usage
Powerful
Future:
Cartography tool
Location Wizard
Digitizer
Attribute management
New Windows Installers: OSGeo4W
and winGRASS stand-alone
Solar radiation: potential settlements
kWh/m2Example for solar radiation model applied to modern GIS
data
Application in archeology:
identification of
well insolated sites
for predictive modelling
Jaro HofierkaUniversity of Presov
Monthly insolation
Weekly insolation
January
Available Methods Cell based statistics
Binning
Spatial approximation
- Smoothing
Use cases:- Topographic analysis- Feature extraction (Separation
DEM/DSM)
Multi-return
Lidar
H. Mitasova, NCSUM. Brovelli, PdM, Como
Lidar data analysis in GRASS
Buildings imported from2D SHAPE file
Type based color
classification
Extrusion to 3D:Using height attribute
Visualization: GRASS
Stereo rendering in
Paraview (www.paraview.org)
Visualization: GRASS export to
Paraview and Povray
Povray rendering (www.povray.org): adding clouds and haze
Additionally:KML
KMZ output
Data Prof. Tozzi (mapping 1985)
Alignments
OpenStreetMap roads
Centuriazione - Arco: Lidar
Data Centuriazione: Denis Francisci
Lidar based DEM: Aut. Prov di Trento
Data Prof. Tozzi (mapping 1985)
Alignments
OpenStreetMap roads
Centuriazione - Arco: Lidar
Data Centuriazione: Denis Francisci
Lidar based DEM: Aut. Prov di Trento
GRASS: v.parallel, shaded relief, ...
Remote sensing with GRASS
NDVI: used to show old Adige river sinuosity (Landsat7 based)
Remote sensing with GRASS
False color image: used to show old Adige river sinuosity (Landsat7 based)
Viewshed analysis with GRASS
New, extremely fast viewshed algorithm (yet in GRASS-Addons): r.viewshed
Viewshed fromDos Trento
Comparison on a 5m Lidar based DEM (left map) calculation time:-
r.los: 4.5h- r.viewshed: 18 sec
(still small precision
issue to be fixed)
v.vol.rst wcolumn=sigma_v
From D. Francisci (2009): Fabric Analysis in Archaeology
a
b
v
2D Interpolation
Contour
lines
2D and 3D interpolation in GRASS
3D Interpolation
(voxel)
Geostatistics with GRASS and R
R run inside a GRASS session reads and
writes data from/to GRASS directly
r.walk: Walking connectivity
A comparison of hiking paths in Val di Fassa, Italy Rot:
existing path Blau: calculated with r.walk
r.walk improved again in GRASS 6.5+
Arrival
Start
Autor:
M. Franchi, Young researchers wanted award (PBZ, 2006)
GRASS GIS
Founded 4th February 2006, Chicagohttp://www.osgeo.org
OSGeo Foundation: Founding projects
Open Source Geospatial Foundation OSGeo
www.osgeo.org
Mission: To support the development of open source geospatial software and promote its widespread use.
Founding projects (constituted in February 2006): GDAL/OGR,
GeoTools, GRASS GIS, Mapbender, MapBuilder,
MapGuide Open Source (Autodesk), MapServer, OSSIM
Since Feb 2008: GRASS (and others) are official members
Motivation: More that 200 GFOSS projects worldwide... need for
selection and organization: User oriented!
Italian OSGeo Chapter: www.gfoss.it
www.osgeo.org
OSGeo: Open Source Geospatial Foundation
The OSGeo Landscape
OSGeo software development: Source Code Control
Legal AspectsLicense compatibility (e.g., GRASS: GPL)
Don't use code from books like Numerical Receipes in C!
Verify that 3rd party contributions are clean
The employer has to agree if work time shall be used forFree
Software coding
Transparency and peer review help to minimise any legal risk.
Apache - OSGeo FoundationIncubator phase
Graduation
http://incubator.apache.org/
http://www.osgeo.org/incubator
For a more detailed comparison, see e.g., http://www.spatialserver.net/osgis/
FOSS4G comparison table
www.mappinghacks.com
http://wiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Library
FOSS4G bookshelf
www.spatialguru.com
www.grassbooks.org
2005
2008
2009
http://grass.osgeo.org
Almost unlimited possibilities with GFOSS software
User levels: from newcomers to power users
Interoperability with other software packages, also in
heterogeneous environments
GFOSS Quality: peer reviewed code, often with academic
background
Support: Community Mailing Lists, companies, freelancer, ...
Conclusions
Markus NetelerFondazione E. Mach (FEM)Centro Ricerca e InnovazioneGIS and Remote Sensing UnitSede Viote del Monte Bondone38100 Trento, Italyhttp://gis.fem-environment.euhttp://www.osgeo.org
License of this document
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/deed.en
2009 Markus Neteler, Italy
http://gis.fem-environment.eu [ OpenDocument file available upon
request: neteler at cealp it ]
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Markus Neteler 2009, CC-BY-SA
GRASS GIS Open Source Geospatial Foundation
Proprietary vs Open Source/Free Software
ComponentProprietaryOpen Source
Metadata CatalogCubeWerx WRSGeoNetwork
Dedicated ViewerArcReadergvSIG, QGIS, uDig
CartographyArcMap/ArcGISGMT, GRASS, JGRASS
AnalysisArcINFO/ArcGIS, ERDAS, ENVIGRASS, OSSIM, SAGA, ILWIS
HandheldArcPadgvSIG mobile
Web ViewerArcIMSOpenlayers, Mapbuilder, Mapbender, Mapfish
WMS, WFSArcIMSMapserver, Geoserver, Mapguide OS
Spatial DatabaseOracle Spatial, ArcSDEPostGIS, (MySQL, SQLite)
Virtual GlobeGoogle Earth, Virtual EarthOSSIM Planet, NASA WorldWind, Ratman
LibrariesFMEGDAL, FDO
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