greek city-states. the polis: center of greek life polis- greek word for city-state politics:...
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Greek City-StatesGreek City-States
The Polis: Center of Greek LifeThe Polis: Center of Greek Life• Polis- Greek word for city-state• Politics: derived from Polis• Town, city, or village, w/ its surrounding
countryside• Gathering place was in center in a hill• Acropolis-fortified place (attack), religious center• Agora- place below the acropolis where people
could gather (market)
City-StatesCity-States• Varied in size
• Community; all shared common goals
• Men (political rights)
• Women and Children (no political rights)
• Slaves and Resident Aliens (non-citizens)
• Aristotle: citizen does not belong to himself
• Loyalty to city-state very important
Developing Military SystemDeveloping Military System• Aristocracy was head of military
• 700 B.C.- hoplites heavily armed infantry soldiers (foot soldiers)
• Carried a round shield, short sword, thrusting spear (9ft. Long)
• Phalanx- shoulder to shoulder rectangular formation
• Created wall of shields
TyrannyTyranny
• People who seized power by force (rich and poor)
• Tired of aristocrats• This was not a sign of honor in Greek system• Did not last long• Inspired Democracy: Gov’t. by the people• Most remained oligarchies• Oligarchy-rule by the few
Sparta Athens Sparta Athens • Did Spartans conquer outside
colonies or neighboring states?
• What did spartans do to people from the land they conquered?
• What does the word “Spartan” mean?
• When did men have to enroll in the army
• Could they marry?• Soldiers typical diet:• What was a women’s role in
the home?• Explain the story of the mother
that sent her son to the army
• Direct democracy• Did poor citizens participate in
government? Explain.• Explain how Athenians
practiced Ostracism• Tell me how Pericles made
Athens “The School of Greece”• Ho many slaves were there?• What kinds of jobs did slaves
have?• The primary function of the
family:• The woman’s role:• Control over women:• Girls education:• Boys education:
Sparta Athens Sparta Athens • Conquistaron tierras vecinas o
tierras lejanas?• Que le hacían a la gente de
las tierras que conquistaban?• Que quiere decir la palabra
“Spartan”? • A que edad tenían que
inscribirse en el ejercito los hombres?
• Se podían casar los hombres en el ejercito?
• Típica dieta de un soldado: • Cual era el rol de la mujer en
casa? • Explica la historia de la mujer
que mando a su hijo al ejercito:
• Direct democracy• Did poor citizens
participate in government?
• Explica como practicaban el ostracismo?
• Dime como Pericles hizo a Atenas “La Escuela de Grecia”
• Cuantos esclavos habían, y que trabajos realizaban?
• La función primaria de la familia:
• Rol de la mujer:• Control de la mujer:• Educación de los niños;• Educación de las niñas:
SpartaSparta• Needed more land
• Didn’t colonize abroad
• Instead took land from neighbors
• Conquered neighbors became serfs (helots, Greek: for captured)
• Created military-state to maintain power
Spartan Military StateSpartan Military State• Spartan: highly disciplined
• Boys checked at birth; those judged unfit were left on mountainside to die
• Boys childhood: learning military tactics
• Enrolled in army at 20
• At 30 they could live at home
• Were in army until 60
• Ate black broth: piece of pork boiled in blood, salt, and vinegar
Government of SpartaGovernment of Sparta
• Oligarchy
• 2 kings- led army
• Ephors- 5 men responsible for education, & all citizens
• Council of Elders: 28 citizens over the age of 60 decided on issues presented to group of citizens
• Group of citizens- vote (not debate) on issues
Attitude to OutsidersAttitude to Outsiders
• Not welcoming
• Didn’t accept new ideas
• Didn’t allow citizens to travel, read philosophy, literature, or the arts
• This could bring new ideas and destroy Sparta
• Military was art to Spartans
AthensAthens
• 700B.C.- unified polis
• Created democracy
• Age of Pericles- 461 B.C.; height of success
• Even poor citizens could be public officials
• Ostracism- kicked out people that were overly ambitious
• Center of Greek culture
Athenian Economy Athenian Economy
• Farming and trade
• Grains, vegetables, fruit
• Grapes and olive trees (wine and oil)
• Sheep and goats (wool and milk)
Athenian Family LifeAthenian Family Life
• Father, wife, and kids also slaves
• Produce new citizens
• Women: could not own property, always had a male guardian
• Women married at 14-15
• Read, played instruments, no formal schooling