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Page 1: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Greek TheaterGreek Theater

Page 2: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Overview of Greek TheaterOverview of Greek Theater• The land

• Antigone

• The Theater

Page 3: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

•Greece has thousands of

inhabited islands and dramatic mountain

ranges

Page 4: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

•Greece has a rich culture and history

Page 5: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

•Democracy was founded

in Greece

Page 6: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

•Patriarchal (male dominated)

society

Page 7: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

•Philosophy, as a practice, began in Greece (Socrates,

Plato, Aristotle)

Page 8: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe LandLocated in Europe in the Aegean

Sea

Page 9: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

Page 10: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The LandThe Land

Page 11: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Overview of Greek TheaterOverview of Greek Theater• The land

• Antigone

• The Theater

Page 12: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe Theater

Page 13: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of

Greek Theater:

Theatron – Seating

for audience

Page 14: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of Greek Theater:

Orchestra – “Dancing

Place” where

chorus sang to the

audience

Page 15: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of Greek Theater:

Thymele – altar to

Dionysus in center of orchestra

where sacrifices were made

Page 16: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of Greek Theater:

Skene – wooden scene

building used as a dressing room.

Page 17: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of Greek Theater:

Parados – entrance

to the theater used by

the Chorus

Page 18: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe TheaterSix Main Portions of Greek Theater:

Proskenion – where

most of the action took place; also served as a backdrop

Page 19: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The StageThe Stage

Page 20: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

DionysusDionysus

•God of Wine and

Partying (Revelry)

Page 21: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe Theater

• Greek plays were performed during religious ceremonies held in honor of Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and revelry (altars generally on

stage)

Page 22: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe Theater

• Business would shut down for days, people would travel from all around to see the

drama competitions—even prisoners were temporarily released to see the plays

Page 23: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe Theater

•Tragedy means “goat song” (relates to

Dionysian rituals)

Page 24: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The TheaterThe Theater

Page 25: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

…In an amphitheatre

Page 26: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

…With a chorus who described most of the action.

Page 27: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

……With masks

Page 28: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

Each morning, one of the playwrights presented three

tragedies and a satyr play.

Page 29: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

That afternoon, another playwright

presented a comedy.

Page 30: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Where and how were the dramas Where and how were the dramas performed?performed?

This went on for three days and

then a winner was chosen.

Page 31: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Major Greek DramatistsMajor Greek Dramatists

Dramatist Born Wrote

Aeschylus 524 B.C. Seven Against Thebes

Sophocles 496 B.C. Antigone

Oedipus

Euripides 480 B.C. Medea

Page 32: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

How were the dramas developed?How were the dramas developed?

• Thespis was the first playwright to tell a story. He had one chorus member step away from the others to play the part of a hero or god.

Page 33: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

How were the dramas developed?How were the dramas developed?

Aeschylus added a second individual

actor to the performance, thus

creating the possibility of

conflict.

Page 34: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

How were the dramas developed?How were the dramas developed?

•Sophocles adds a third actor; now

we have full-blown drama.

Page 35: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Overview of Greek TheatreOverview of Greek Theatre• The land

• Antigone

• The stage

Page 36: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Is based on the myth of Oedipus

Page 37: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

• Oedipus is given away by his parents, Laios and Jocasta

when they learn from an oracle that their son would kill his father and marry his

mother.

Page 38: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

• The ancient citizens of Greece would sacrifice and

pray to an ORACLE.

• An oracle was a priest or priestess who would send a message from the gods

to mortals who brought their requests.

Page 39: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The Oracle at DelphiThe Oracle at Delphi

Most famous oracle in Greek mythology.

Page 40: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

• Oedipus learns of the oracle and believing the king and queen of Corinth are his

parents, he leaves to avoid the oracle.

Page 41: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone• Oedipus travels to Thebes, killing Laios on the way. He saves the city

from a terrible monster, the

Sphinx.

Page 42: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Thebes reward him by making him king and giving him the

queen to marry.

Page 43: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

• A plague hits the city and the oracle warns that it won’t go away until the killer of King Laios is

punished.

Page 44: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Oedipus investigates and finds out he killed

his father and married his mother.

Page 45: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Oedipus blinds

himself and Jocasta kills

herself.

Page 46: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Set in Thebes (a city in ancient

Greece)

Page 47: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Antigone is the daughter of

Oedipus and Jocasta.

Page 48: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Antigone’s brothers, Eteokles and

Polyneces, were to rule in alternate years.

Page 49: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Eteokles refused to give up the throne for Polyneces at the

end of his year.

Page 50: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Polyneces went to Argos and raised an army to gain

the throne.

Page 51: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Eteokles and Polyneces killed

each other in battle.

Page 52: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Antigone’s uncle, Creon, became king of Thebes.

Page 53: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

• Antigone’s uncle, Creon, gives Eteokles, his ally, a hero’s burial and issues a decree against burying

Polyneces.

Page 54: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•Antigone believes that he is wrong and that both of her brothers

should be buried with honor.

Page 55: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Sophocles’ Sophocles’ AntigoneAntigone

•The conflict between Antigone and Creon is the basis for the

play.

Page 56: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Copy Only The Boxed Portion!

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The EndThe End

Page 58: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Euripides’ Euripides’ MedeaMedea• Medea is a princess from Colchis• Medea marries Jason, who is in Colchis

on a quest for the Golden Fleece• Medea betrays her father and murders her

brother for her love of Jason• Medea has magical powers• Jason takes Medea back to his homeland,

Corinth, where they have children• Jason takes another wife, the king of

Corinth’s daughter

Page 59: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Jason’s Voyage on the ArgoJason’s Voyage on the Argo

Jason and Medea meet

Corinth: Where Jason and Medea settle down

Page 60: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Myths played a key roleMyths played a key rolein Greek dramain Greek drama

Page 61: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The Myths – Why they were writtenThe Myths – Why they were written

1. Explained the unexplainable

2. Justified religious practices

3. Gave credibility to leaders

4. Gave hope

5. Polytheistic (more than one god)

6. Centered around the twelve Olympians (primary Greek gods)

Page 62: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Explained the UnexplainableExplained the Unexplainable

• When Echo tried to get Narcissus to love her, she was denied.

• Saddened, she shriveled to nothing, her existence melting into a rock.

• Only her voice remained.

• Hence, the echo!

Page 63: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

To justify religious practicesTo justify religious practices

• Dionysian cults in ancient Greece were founded to worship Dionysus, god of grapes, vegetation, and wine.

Page 64: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

To give credibility to leadersTo give credibility to leaders

The Romans used myths to create family trees for their leaders,

enforcing the made-up idea that the emperors were

related to the gods and were, then,

demigods.

Page 65: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Mount Olympus…Mount Olympus…

…Where the

Olympians lived.

Who are the Olympians?

Page 66: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

The Olympians Are the 12 Main The Olympians Are the 12 Main GodsGods

Page 67: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

Tem

pera

men

ts o

f th

e O

lym

pia

ns

Page 68: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

ZeusZeus

• King of gods• Heaven• Storms• Thunder• lightning

Page 69: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

PoseidonPoseidon

• Zeus’s brother• King of the sea• Earthquakes• Horses

Page 70: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

HadesHades

• Brother to Zeus and Poseidon

• King of the Underworld (Tartarus)

• Husband of Persphone

Page 71: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

AresAres

• God of war

Page 72: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

HephaestusHephaestus

• God of fire• Craftspeople• Metalworkers• Artisans

Page 73: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

ApolloApollo

• God of the sun• Music• Poetry• Fine arts• Medicine

Page 74: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

HermesHermes

• Messenger to the gods

• Trade• Commerce• Travelers• Thieves & scoundrels

Page 75: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

HeraHera

• Queen of gods• Women• Marriage• Childbirth

Page 76: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

DemeterDemeter

• Goddess of Harvest• Agriculture• Fertility• Fruitfulness• Mom to Persephone

Page 77: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

HestiaHestia

• Goddess of Hearth• Home• Community

Page 78: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

AthenaAthena

• Goddess of wisdom• Practical arts• War

Page 79: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

AphroditeAphrodite

• Goddess of love and beauty

Page 80: Greek Theater Overview of Greek Theater The land Antigone The Theater

ArtemisArtemis

• Goddess of hunting and the moon.