GREEN AUDIT REPORT

K.P.G. Arts, Commerce and Science College, Tal- Igatpuri, Dist- Nashik

Background:

The term “Green” means eco-friendly or not damaging the environment. This can acronymically is called as

“Global Readiness in Ensuring Ecological Neutrality” (GREEN). Green accounting can be defined as systematic

identification quantification, recording, reporting & analysis of components of ecological diversity & expressing

the same in financial or social terms. “Green Auditing”, an umbrella term, is known by another name

“Environmental Auditing”. There is a provision of green audit in college campus. A committee has been formed

to monitor the proper conservation and plantation of the plants in the campus. As per the suggestions made by

IQAC, Botany department is given the responsibility to do green audit with cooperation of the environmental

experts of the state. A report on green audit has been prepared by department of botany K.P.G. Arts, Commerce

and Science College, Igatpuri. This college was established in 1981 in fine tune with the motto of our parent

institution Maratha Vidya Prasarak Samaj, Nashik. The motto is बहुजन हिताय !बहुजन सुखाय! (For the welfare

of masses and for the happiness of masses) and accredited with Grade 'B+ by NAAC, Bengaluru. Total area of

the college main campus is 8.5 acres, of which 41 percent is covered by herbs, shrubs and trees, including

valuable medicinal flora. The plants have been systematically identified by the green audit committee. There are

more than 100 plant species were audited. The green audit report has been discussed with environmental

expert’s suggestions to increase greenery in campus. Extra efforts have been taken by the college to create

environment consciousness amongst students. One major step in this regard is the extensive plantation program

organized by NSS, NCC, garden committee and UG. Plantation is encouraged by principal and faculties of all

departments to increase greenery and reduce carbon emission effects. Renovation of the garden at the entrance

was done with financial support from Mother Institute Maratha Vidya Prasarak Samaj, Nashik. Existing gardens

are also maintained by the garden committee of this college.

Activities organized to create greenery and its conservation at college campus is as follows-

Plantation of diversified species

Vegetative propagation

Uses of medicinal plants

Identification of plants species

Campus Departments and courses

Sr. No. Faculty of Science

1 Chemistry

2 Physics

3 Zoology

4 Botany

5 Mathematics

6 Computer Science

Faculty of Arts

7 English

8 Marathi

9 Hindi

10 Geography

Faculty of Mental Moral and Social Sciences

11 Economics

12 Political Sciences

Faculty of Commerce

13 B.Com

14 M.Com

Scope of Work:

The following Environmental Issues were studied for the above mentioned campus area.

• Water Environment including rain water harvesting potential of the campus.

• Plant diversity.

• Chemical Waste Management.

Based on the available data, sampling and information provided by the K.P.G officials this report has been

prepared and recommendations for betterment of campus environment are provided.

Baseline Data:

The most of the baseline data relating population, water supply, has been collected from the K.P.G. College

management. The data / samples for drinking water, floral diversity, and wastes generation were collected by

visiting the campus area by the expert teams.

Total Population of the campus

Sr. No. Department

Total population of institute

(incl. Students, Permanent,

Temporary staff & visitors

1 Institute (staff) 85.00

2 Institute – students ( Higher secondary +UG+PG) 2482.00

Total 2567.00

Environmental Issues:

4.1 Water Supply

Water is a key driver and is vital to development of Biodiversity, Agriculture, Humans as well as the Economy.

With recent experiences across the world and in India, the water scarcity and security is emerging issues. The

state of Maharashtra has also faced severe impact of the water scarcity in the recent past. Therefore water

management is a crucial step of sustainable development and it also has been made an integral part of the

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

4.1.2 Rain water harvesting potential of the campus

Igatpuri tehsil has received annual rainfall is3178 mm. A 5-7 feet deep pond was dug at the lowest elevation to

catch the draining water or runoff from the campus. An embankment or a bund was constructed at the lower

elevation of the pond to restrict the flow of water. An interesting thing about this effort is that the dug well from

which water is drawn out for daily use is located right in the middle of the pond. Besides the dug well, there is a

bore wells on campus to meet the needs of college campus. Around 100,000 to 150,000 litres of water is stored

capacity of the dug well per annual. This makes us self-sufficient for around the 3 to 4 months for Campus

plantation after the rainy season.

Fig- Water Stored in Dug well in front of College Building

4.2 Plant diversity:

To create- green cover, eco-friendly atmosphere, pure oxygen at the college campus, plantation program is

organized every year with involving all students, principal, and all departments faculty members. In this year

about 100 ornamental, avenues, medicinal plant with rare and exotic beautiful trees was planted in botanical

garden and other parts of college campus. To keep the greeneries in the campus, we regularly maintain the

gardens which are looked after by paid staff under the guidance of garden committee members. Moreover, every

year we try to plant new trees. Seasonal flower garden is also a unique feature of this college.

4.2.1 Vegetative propagation: To learn how to propagate the garden vegetation, training program is organized for students every year by

expert gardener. Students learned various propagation techniques like cutting, grafting, and gooty. 4.2.2 Uses of medicinal plants: There are many medicinal plants are planted in college botanical garden. The plants have medicinal value but

students don’t have knowledge how to use and they can’t identify the particular plants, so therefore faculty

members of botany department help them to identify with scientific name and give information about medicinal

uses of the plants. 4.2.3 Identification of plant species: There are so many plant species are present at college campus. The faculty member of the botany

department audited and identified of various plant species with the help of flora.

List of plant species observed in the campus during the field visit

Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family Uses

1 Acacia Catechu Khair Mimosaceae Traditional medicine

2 Acacia melanoxylon Australian Mimosaceae Social Forestry

3 Alstonia scholaris Chhatim Apocynaceae Avenue Tree, Malaria

4 Anthocephalus Kadamb Rubiaceae Avenue Tree,

5 Bauhania variegata Kachnar Ceasalpiniaceae Avenue Tree, Asthetic

6 Cassia fistula Amaltas Ceasalpiniaceae Avenue Tree, Laxative

7 Dalbergia sissoo Sheesham Papilionaceae Avenue Tree, Timber,

8 Delonix regia Gulmohar Caesalpiniaceae Avenue Tree, Ornamental

9 Emblica officinalis Amala Euphorbiaceae Triphla, Skin,Tannins

10 Ficus bengalensis Vad Moraceae Avenue Tree, Aesthatic

11 Grevillea robusta Silver Oak Proteaceae Making for doors

12 Mangifera indica Aam Anacardiaceae Avenue Tree, Fruit Edible

13 Mimusops elengi Maulsiri Sapotaceae Avenue Tree, Ornamental

14 Nerium oleander Nerium Apocynaceae Asthma, malaria

15 Psidium guajava Peru Myrtaceae Fruit Edible

16 Pithecolobium dulce Ganga Emli Mimosaceae Hedge, Fruit Edible

17 Plumeria alba Temple Tree Apocynaceae Ornamental

18 Polyanthia longifolia Ashok Annonaceae Avenue Tree,

19 Pongamia pinnata Karanj Papilionaceae Avenue, Insecticide,

20 Syzygium cuminii Jamun Myrtaceae Avenue, Diabetes,

21 Tamarindus indica Imli Caesalpiniaceae Avenue, Fruit Editable

22 Tectona grandis Sag Verbenaceae Furniture of best Quality

23 Thevetia peruviana Pili Kaner Apocynaceae Ornamental, Aesthetic

List of plant species in the campus provided by Botany Department

Sr. No. Botanical name of the plant Local Name Family

1 Aloe vera L. Korphad Liliaceae

2 Annona squamosa L. Sitaphal Annonaceae

3 Anthocephalus cadamba Phgn. Kadamb Rubiaceae

4 Artocarpus heterophyllus Phanas Moraceae

5 Asparagus racemosus Willd Shatavari Liliaceae

6 Caesalpinia bonducella Sagargota Caesalpiniaceae

7 Calotropis gigantean Rui Mothi Asclepiadaceae

8 Calotropis procera Rui Asclepiadaceae

9 Canna indica Kardal Cannaceae

10 Cassia fistula Bahava Caesalpiniaceae

11 Citrus limoni L. Nimbu Rutaceae

12 Catharanthus roseus Sadaphuli Apocynaceae

13 Draceana reflexa Draceana Asparagaceae

14 Hibiscus rosa- sinensis Jaswand Malvaceae

15 Mimosa pudica Laajaalu Mimosaceae

16 Nerium oleander Nerium Apocynaceae

17 Ocimum sanctum Tulas Lamiaceae

18 Psidium guajava Peru Myrtaceae

19 Tinospora cordifolia Mires. Gulvel Menispermaceae

20 Trandescantia spathacea. Rhoeo Commelinaceae

List of bird species observed in the campus

Sr. No. Scientific Name Common Name

1 Milvus migrans Black kite

2 Passer domesticus House sparrow

3 Dicrurus macrocercus Black Drongo

4 Corvus splendens Common Crow

5 Columba livia Rock pigeon

6 Halcyon smyrnensis white-throated kingfisher

7 Acridotheres tristis common myna

8 Merops orientalis green bee-eater

9 Psittacula krameri rose-ringed parakeet

10 Turdoides caudata common babbler

11 Centropus sinensis crow pheasant

.

Recommendations:

4.3. Water Environment

• The K.P.G campus with a high potential for the Rain Water Harvesting due to large Dug well as

well as the open surfaces.

• Based on the geotechnical survey of the campus area, K.P.G. College may choose to recharge the

ground water table with the rain water. If the recharging of ground water table is not feasible then,

storage of rain water (only from roof top areas) can be opted. This would satisfy part requirement

of the campus in the monsoon season (i.e. about 90 – 100 days in a year) and thus reducing fresh

water intake during rainy days..

• In order to use the treated waste water for flushing a separate plumbing system is required.

• It is recommended that liquid chemical waste from the laboratories should not be disposed of

without any treatment.

4.4 Plant diversity

To maintain the college campus green and eco-friendly, more trees need to be planted. A thick green belt

(of Ficus benjamina) development along the fence is strongly recommended. The plant diversity shall be

maintained by avoiding the plantation of exotic plant species. A tree monitoring committee is to be

established; if not present currently. The college authorities should ensure frequent meetings with the tree

monitoring committee.

Carbon neutrality can be maintained on the campus by developing more greenery. The plant species that

are found suitable are suggested for plantation and greenbelt development. In addition to above some

flowering plants, shrubs, herbs, and climber plants species will also be planted for beautification in the

campus.

Criteria for selection of tree species:

The choice of species is based on the adaptability to the site, early returns, multiple uses, complimentary

role to the system and its possible role during the lean/critical periods. The key factor contributing to the

success of tree planting is selection of suitable tree species. Some of the considerations for selection of

tree species are:

• Adaptation to local soil and agro-climate condition.

• Drought resistant species that can survive long dry periods.

• Multipurpose use species.

• Species that can serve for soil and water conservation.

• Species that help in building up soil fertility.

• Species that have good coppicing ability.

• Eco-friendly management

For the purpose of landscaping, following eight categories are recommended.

• 1. Avenues – Trees to shade roads or create avenues within property.

• 2. Parking - Shade giving trees for open parking lots.

• 3. Ornamentals – the purpose indicates:

• a. Thicket – To be grown in groups to form a thick vegetated corner, centre or pocket.

• b. Isolation - To be planted singly either in corners or as central attraction.

• c. Scattered - To be planted at random to be able to appreciate its ornamental nature.

• d. Groups – To be grown in groups of 3 to 4.

• 4. Climbers - that can be used for forming trellis, etc.

• 5. Aquatic plants - For ponds or water bodies. Some of these plants need to be maintained by

regular pruning to prevent excessive growth.

Figure 6: The native plant species suggested for plantation in the college campus.

The plant species suggested for green belt development in addition to the present one layer of

vegetation on the boundary would be helpful for mitigating gases and particulate matter. It can also

help in reducing noise from the heavy traffic road close to the campus will serve for long time.

List of Proposed plants (an appropriate few plants can be used):

Botanical Name Local Name Family Habit Flower Color

First Row-trees (outermost)

Drypetes roxburghii Putranjiva Euphorbiaceae Tree Greenish Yellow

Holoptelea integrifolia Wavli Ulmaceae Tree Greenish

Terminalia cuneata Arjun Combrataceae Tree Yellow

Bambusa arundinacea Bamboo Poaceae Bamboo White, greenish

Dendrocalamus strictus Velu Poaceae Bamboo Blackish

Cordia dichotoma Bhokar Boraginaceae Tree White

Dalbergia latifolia Shisam Fabaceae Tree White

Diospyros peregrine Tembhurni Ebenaceae Tree White creamy

Garcinia indica Kokam Clusiaceae Tree Yellowish

Shrub Layer

Ixora coccinea Bakara Rubiaceae Shrub Orange / Red

Ixora nigricans Kat-kuda Rubiaceae Shrub White

Justicia adhatoda Adulsa Acanthaceae Shrub White

Murraya koenigii Kadhipatta Rutaceae Shrub Greenish White

Vitex negundo Nirgudi Verbenaceae Shrub Bluish - Purple

Woodfordia fruticosa Dhyati Lythraceae Shrub Red

Gardenia resinifera Dikemali Rubiaceae Shrub White

Cassia auriculata Tarwad Caesalpiniaceae Shrub Yellow

Second Row (from outside)

Artocarpus heterophyllus Phanas Moraceae Tree Green

Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae Tree White

Bauhinia recemosa Apta Caesalpiniaceae Tree White

Butea monosperma Palas Fabaceae Tree Orange-red

Lagerstroemia microcarpa Nana-bondara Lythraceae Tree White

Lagerstroemia reginae Taman Lythraceae Tree Pink

Kydia calycina Warung Malvaceae Tree White

Mangifera india Amba Anacardiaceae Tree Green

Along the paths

Caryota urens Bherali mad Arecaceae Tree Red & green

Casssia fistula Bava Caesalpiniaceae Tree Yellow

Mammea surgia Surungi Clusiaceae Tree White

Phoenix sylvestris Shindi Arecaceae Tree White

Nyctanthes arbor- tristis Parijatak Oleaceae Tree White

Other Suggested Plants

Madhuca latifolia Moha Sapotaceae Tree White

Michelia champaca Sonchafa Magnoliaceae Tree Yellow

Mimusops elengi Bakul Sapotaceae Tree White

Santalum album Chandan Santalaceae Tree Brownish red

Sapindus laurifolius Ritha Sapindaceae Tree White

Semecarpus anacardium Bibba Anacardiaceae Tree Greenish white

Syzygium cumini Jambhul Myrtaceae Tree White

Thespesia populnea ParasBhendi Malvaceae Tree Yellow

4.5 Chemical Waste Management

Proper chemical management is necessary to protect the health and safety of the college campus and

surrounding communities and the environment. All laboratories should, based on the hazards they pose,

inspect all of their reagent chemicals. Look for chemicals that are no longer needed, old and out of date or

unusable. Try to redistribute unneeded chemicals around the department or building. If no one else needs

the chemical or if they are out of date or unusable, then package them. Use sufficient packing material to

prevent container damage route. Place a completed chemical waste label and packing slip on the outside

of the box. After determined what waste you are going to generate and have obtained the appropriate

dustbin, you must properly fill out a chemical waste label and attach it to the dustbin. There are directions

on the back side of the label and labels must be applied on all chemical waste dustbins as soon as waste is

added. These labels are designed to meet the regulatory requirements; therefore, every piece of

information on the label is critical and must be completed. Use only common chemical names or IUPAC

nomenclature when listing the chemical constituents on the label. Solid waste includes any laboratory

material that has come in contact with a chemical. All containers must have lids. Apply a

completed chemical waste label on the outside of the container. It is important not to overload dustbin.

Do not use overly large dustbin. Only fill dustbin two-thirds full if they contain broken glass.

Clean, Uncontaminated Broken Glassware-

In an effort to minimize the amount of chemical waste generated on college campus, clean,

uncontaminated glassware and plastic ware should not be managed as waste. Unwanted clean non-broken

glassware and plastic ware can be packaged up by the laboratory personnel and taken to the dumpster.

Broken glassware, plastic needles, syringes, razor blades, slides, scalpels, pipettes, broken plastic or

glassware, micropipettes and pipette tips ware creates a potential hazard. Triple rinse with copious

amounts of water. Collect the first rinse as chemical waste. Rinse two and three can go down the sanitary

sewer. Place empty/triple rinsed containers in a glass only box, recycling container or directly into the

dumpster.

Adding Waste to Dustbin

Waste can be added only after you choose the proper dustbin and it is labelled. All personal working with

chemical waste must wear, Safety glasses, Lab coat.

Procedure for liquid chemical waste management:

Perform liquid chemical waste management in open space. Mixing of liquid waste may generate toxic or

corrosive aerosols. Check the container label to assure that waste is being added to the correct container.

Uncap the container. Use a funnel sufficient for the size of the container and volume of waste being

added. Slowly add the waste, watching for any unintended reactions. If you observe a reaction,

immediately stop adding the waste. After the waste has been added, remove the funnel and seal the

container with the cap.

Chemical waste management of Department of Chemistry

4.6 Safety Aspects

• Teaching and non-teaching staff to be trained for emergency situations.

• Emergency exits to be established for the spaces including laboratories.

• Fire extinguishers, sprinklers to be placed as per fire safety rules at appropriate locations.

• Eye wash systems to be installed in all chemical laboratories.

• Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPEs) to be used at locations including chemistry laboratories to

avoid any accident.

• Parking safety to be followed.

Internal Committee External Committee

1. Prof. R.K. Patil 1. Dr. S.B. Andhale

2. Dr. N.U. Patil (Assistant Professor, Department of Botany)

3. Prof. B.C. Patil 2. Dr. D.S. Khandbahale

4. Prof. B.P. More (Assistant Professor, Department of Botany

5. Prof. A.B. Bhagat In charge NAAQM project, Nashik.)

Acknowledgment

We acknowledge support from Dr. S. S. Kale (Principal), Dr. S.B. Andhale, Dr. D.S. Khandbahale for

gathering the information, analysis and recommendations.