green charcoal

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Homemade Charcoal Out of Paper Waste INTRODUCTION: Paper is very important in our everyday life. We use it every day but most of us do not know how to properly dispose it. According to Phares P. Parayno, Ph.D. and Mitzi Gay M. Busmente, “The paper industry in the Philippines plays an important role in the industrialization program of the country, contributing to the growth of the economy and providing employment opportunities to thousands of workers. Unfortunately, it also contributes to the waste generation in the country…For waste paper alone, only 60% of the 100 tons produced in a year is being recycled and the rest goes to the landfill. Waste paper is the second most produced solid waste in the Philippines, contributing nineteen percent (19%) of the total municipal solid waste production.” 1 By recycling paper waste into a homemade charcoal, we also introduce another kind of biomass fuel source. According to the Organization for Industrial, Spiritual and Cultural Advancement (OISCA), “ Paper charcoal serves as a good

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Home made charcoal from paper waste.

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Page 1: Green Charcoal

Homemade Charcoal Out of Paper Waste

INTRODUCTION:

Paper is very important in our everyday life. We use it every day but most of us do

not know how to properly dispose it. According to Phares P. Parayno, Ph.D. and Mitzi Gay

M. Busmente, “The paper industry in the Philippines plays an important role in the

industrialization program of the country, contributing to the growth of the economy and

providing employment opportunities to thousands of workers. Unfortunately, it also

contributes to the waste generation in the country…For waste paper alone, only 60% of the

100 tons produced in a year is being recycled and the rest goes to the landfill. Waste paper is

the second most produced solid waste in the Philippines, contributing nineteen percent (19%)

of the total municipal solid waste production.” 1

By recycling paper waste into a homemade charcoal, we also introduce another kind

of biomass fuel source. According to the Organization for Industrial, Spiritual and Cultural

Advancement (OISCA), “Paper charcoal serves as a good alternative fuel for cooking.

Encouraging the use of paper charcoal as cooking alternative is a good practice. Waste

papers that would otherwise end up in landfills are given new use as cooking medium.”2

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

Our group has chosen to recycle paper waste and make it into homemade charcoal or

otherwise known as the green charcoal. In connection with this, we also need to further learn

if this green charcoal is a very good source of biomass fuel.

Page 2: Green Charcoal

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY:

This study aims to promote awareness to an existing paper waste problem as well as

to provide a solution by recycling it into a biomass fuel. The researchers have also used the

simplest method in making the experiment so that it can be easily duplicated by common

people.

The success of this study will provide them other source of biomass fuel that can be

easily made and therefore will help the common people in saving their money by using their

paper waste. In doing so, they can contribute into saving our environment.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS:

This study is for and limited to research based on data found on turning paper waste

into homemade charcoal. The materials and procedures provided are studied and found in

trustworthy web pages. The research is limited to the making of homemade charcoal out of

paper waste and to providing awareness of its effectiveness if used as a biomass fuel source.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Homemade charcoal using paper waste is widely studied mostly by those seeking to

help the environment and to find other ways to recycle paper wastes.

The researchers have also learned that there are other ways of making paper waste

into charcoal as provided by eHow Contributor, Roxanne McHenry3, who used paper

briquette press. Another eHow contributor, Samantha Lowe4, combined her paper waste with

other recyclable materials such as sawdust.

Page 3: Green Charcoal

HYPOTHESIS:

We use paper every day that paper is known to be one of the most important

commodities in the world,5 but along with the use of paper comes the great problem of its

proper disposal which very much impacts the decline of our environment. It is therefore the

researcher’s hypothesis that that by using paper wastes into homemade charcoal not only can

we help the environment but also provide a good source of biomass fuel.

DEFINITION OF TERMS:

Paper - A material made of cellulose pulp, derived mainly from wood, rags, and certain

grasses, processed into flexible sheets or rolls by deposit from an aqueous suspension, and

used chiefly for writing, printing, and drawing, wrapping, and covering walls.6

Waste - Garbage; trash.7 In this study, we use the term paper waste which basically refers to

the waste from paper.

Biomass - is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. In the

context of biomass for energy this is often used to mean plant based material, but biomass

can equally apply to both animal and vegetable derived material.8

Page 4: Green Charcoal

METHODOLOGY:

The researcher has found several of methods in preparing homemade charcoal out of

paper waste, but has chosen the simplest process which is provided below.8

MATERIALS:

Paper waste Laundry Starch

Basin with ¾ tap water Empty Glass Jar, Liquid Bleach, Tin Can, Can Opener

Mixing Stick

Page 5: Green Charcoal

PROCEDURE:

1. Shred or tear the paper.

2. Fill water basin about half way up with water and add 2 tbsp. of liquid bleach.

3. Submerge it in the water and bleach solution, so that the water completely covers the

paper.

4. Agitate the water from time to time with the mixing stick, and allow the paper to soak

in the bucket for 24 hours. It is ready when you see signs that it is breaking down into

a pulp.

5. Make drainage holes into the bottom of the tin can by using the can opener.

6. Put the pulp into tin can, and press out the water as much as possible.

7. Remove the pulp out of the mold.

1. 6. Place the paper waste in a warm, dry location to dry out completely.

8. Check the paper charcoal to see if they are completely dry. Once you determine that

they are done, store them for use in a cool, dry place away from moisture.

CONCLUSION:

Based on results found, significant data proves that homemade charcoal out of paper

waste is an effective way of recycling paper as well as a good source of biomass fuel source.

It emits little smoke and odor. Obviously, it is a lot cheaper than using fossil fuel or

electricity and this is a useful way to save money. Saving money through recycling

ultimately helps the environment. If we see a real benefit in our pockets then we are more

likely to support the recycling cause.

Page 6: Green Charcoal

RECOMMENDATION:

After conducting the study, the researcher highly recommends this product. This is

just one of many ways that we can help the environment. Every step that we take, however

small, is one more towards helping and supporting the environment in which we live. Getting

everyone involved, from kids to adults, can help produce a better environment for many

generations to come.

Page 7: Green Charcoal

DOCUMENTATION:

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BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1. Phares P. Parayno, Ph.D. and Mitzi Gay M. Busmente. Integration of Solid Waste

Management Tools in Specific European and Asian Communities (ISTEAC), URL

http://www.wadef.com/projects/isteac/StudyReport__Paper_Recycling_Research_Phi

lippines.Work_Results.pdf

ADB. 2004. The Garbage Book: Solid Waste Management in Metro Manila. Manila,

Philippines: Asian

Development Bank.

2. OISCA-CFP, Philippines Paper Charcoal Making, URL

http://oisca-cfp.jimdo.com/2012/09/20/philippines-paper-charcoal-making/

3. Roxanne McHenry, eHow Contributor, How to Make Paper Briquettes, URL.

http://www.ehow.com/how_6307765_make-paper-briquettes.html

4. Samantha Lowe, eHow Contribtor, DIY Biomass Briquette Presses, URL

http://www.ehow.com/how_8730652_diy-biomass-briquette-presses.html

5. Importance of Paper, URL,

http://www.boisechoices.com/boisechoices/importance-of-paper

6. Definition of paper, URL, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/paper

7. Definition of waste, URL, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/waste

8. Definition of biomass, URL,

http://www.biomassenergycentre.org.uk/portal/page?_pageid=76,15049&_dad=portal

Page 11: Green Charcoal

Homemade Charcoal Out of Paper Waste

A SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

Submitted by:

Maegan K. Navarro

Mikaela E. Salonga

Elijah Mae T. Mandalunes

Virdave Gaycris M. Salvacion

Darah Ketryl D. Salvaña

Grade 4-Kiwi FL2

Submitted to:

Mrs. Dolita A. Payat

Science Moderator

July 2013