green computing
DESCRIPTION
Green computing is a way to reduce adverse effects of computing practices...TRANSCRIPT
ASeminar on
Green Computing
PRESENTED BY:
NIKUNJ AGRAWALFinal Year (computer Science And Engineering)
Under the guidance of :
Prof. V.S.Gulhane
INDEXWhat is Green Computing? Green Computing...Why?Approaches to Green Computing How to Implement? Future of Green Computing GREEN IT For BusinessVirtualisation Industrial implementations of
Green ComputingConclusion References
What is Green Computing?
"The study and practice of designing, manufacturing, using, and disposing of computers, servers, and associated subsystems efficiently and effectively with minimal or no impact on the environment."
Green Computing – Why?
Growing public environmental awareness
Increasing impacts on environmental and human health
Corporate social responsibility(Cont.)
Approaches to Green Computing •Virtualization •Power Management •Power supply •Storage •Video Card •Display•IT Equipment Recycling•Remote Conferencing & Telecommuting Strategies•Product longevity(contd.)
Approaches to Green Computing
(contd.)• Algorithmic efficiency• Resource allocation• Terminal servers• Operating system support
How to Implement?•Audit your data centre and remove unused equipment and software.
•Virtualise applications, storage
and servers in the data centre
wherever appropriate.•Consider consolidating data
centres.
•Introduce videoconferencing or
telepresence facilities.
•Power-sucking displays can be
replaced with green light displays made
of OLEDs, or organic light-emitting
diodes.
•Use of toxic materials like lead can be
replaced by silver and copper.
•Making recycling of computer with an option of reuse or resale.
•Buy and use a low power desktop or a
laptop computer (40-90 watts) rather a
higher power desktop (e.g. 300 watts).
•Thin clients can use only 4 to 8 watts of
power at the desktop as the processing is
done by a server.
•For desktops, buy a low power central processing unit (CPU). This reduces both power consumption and cooling requirements.
•Buy hardware from manufacturers that
have a hardware recycling scheme, and
recycle your old computer equipment
rather than sending it to landfill.
•Turn your computer and monitor off when you are not using it.Enable hibernation.•Avoid an unnecessary operating system version upgrade which requires a hardware upgrade.
•Replace your CRT screen with an LCD
screen.
•Keep your PC for at least 5 years.This
reduces energy consumption by 40%
CPU uses 120 WattsCPU uses 120 Watts
CRT uses 150 WattsCRT uses 150 Watts -8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 KWatts-8 hours of usage, 5 days a week = 562 KWatts
• if the computer is left on all the time without if the computer is left on all the time without proper power saver modes, this can lead to proper power saver modes, this can lead to 1,600 KWatts1,600 KWatts
-for a large institution, say a university of 40,000 -for a large institution, say a university of 40,000 students and faculty, the power bill for just students and faculty, the power bill for just computers can come to $2 million / year computers can come to $2 million / year
Energy use comes fromEnergy use comes from -electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard, -electrical current to run the CPU, motherboard, memory memory -running the fan and spinning the disk(s) -running the fan and spinning the disk(s) -monitor (CRTs consume more power than any other -monitor (CRTs consume more power than any other computer component) computer component) -printers-printers
Energy Use of PCs
E-waste Impacts in China
Photos Courtesy of Basel Action Network
FUTURE OF GREEN COMPUTING:
The plan towards green IT should include new electronic products and services with optimum efficiency and all possible options towards energy savings.
GREEN IT FOR BUSINESS:
Rising energy prices, together with
government-imposed levies on carbon
production, are increasingly impacting on the
cost of doing business, making many current
business practices economically unsustainable.
It is becoming progressively more important for
all businesses to act in an environmentally
responsible manner, both to fulfill their legal
and moral obligations, but also to enhance the
brand and to improve corporate image.
Data Centers:
Data centres consume a lot of electricity. Many
server computers run at less than 30 per cent
capacity and, although more effective than the
average desktop machine, this isn’t using them to
their fullest potential. If you can double the amount
of work each processor does, you can halve the
number of devices in use and cut the overall
environmental impact. A common way to achieve
this is with virtualisation software .
Power to run a small data center
A practical exampleA practical exampleOne server might use 400 WOne server might use 400 W
In 24 hours it would use 9.6 kWhIn 24 hours it would use 9.6 kWh
$.10/kWh = $1/day (approx)$.10/kWh = $1/day (approx)
500 servers = $500 per day500 servers = $500 per day
+$500 for cooling = $30K/month!+$500 for cooling = $30K/month!
Benefits of saving energyBenefits of saving energy•Saving energy is GREEN
Saving energy is cost efficientSaving energy is cost efficient
Virtualisation
• Virtualization: Duplicating hardware with Virtualization: Duplicating hardware with softwaresoftware
• Important in Cloud ComputingImportant in Cloud Computing
Virtualization
Realizing a piece of hardware such as a web Realizing a piece of hardware such as a web server or file server in software rather than server or file server in software rather than hardwarehardwareWriting a program that does the same exact Writing a program that does the same exact thing as a piece of hardwarething as a piece of hardwareSavingsSavingsManufacturingManufacturingServicingServicingDisposalDisposalPowerPower
Types of Virtualization
1.Operating System1.Operating SystemEX: Running Linux inside of VMwareEX: Running Linux inside of VMwareEX: Running Windows on a MacEX: Running Windows on a MacEX: Running VM images in a cloudEX: Running VM images in a cloud2.Application Server (Load Balancing)2.Application Server (Load Balancing)Dividing a high volume of requests to different serversDividing a high volume of requests to different serversApplicationsApplicationsThin Client concept (Google Apps)Thin Client concept (Google Apps)Seeing a file system but not knowing (or caring) where the Seeing a file system but not knowing (or caring) where the files are physically stored (perhaps in many locations)files are physically stored (perhaps in many locations)
Green Effects of VirtualizationVMware publishes numbers that say between 50-70% VMware publishes numbers that say between 50-70% can be saved from virtualizationcan be saved from virtualizationThe Gartner group says that the energy savings of The Gartner group says that the energy savings of jobs running VMware alone will power all of New jobs running VMware alone will power all of New England! (they give no actual rates or metrics but England! (they give no actual rates or metrics but this is an interesting claim)this is an interesting claim)
Who is doing this?Who is doing this?The USDA used virtualization to reduce/consolidate The USDA used virtualization to reduce/consolidate 255 servers into 22!255 servers into 22!4 Years ago, Los Alamos National Laboratories 4 Years ago, Los Alamos National Laboratories undertook a virtualization project that undertook a virtualization project that decommissioned 100 servers, resulting in the use of decommissioned 100 servers, resulting in the use of only 13. This has resulted in a savings of almost only 13. This has resulted in a savings of almost $1.5 Million dollars$1.5 Million dollars
INDUSTRIAL IMPLEMENTATIONS OF GREEN COMPUTING:
➤ Blackle ➤ Fit-PC ➤ Zonbu computer ➤ Sunray thin client ➤ The Asus Eee PC ➤ Other implementations
Conclusion
The greenest computer will not miraculously fall from the sky one day, it’ll be the product of years of improvements. The features of a green computer of tomorrow would be like: efficiency, manufacturing & materials, recyclability, service model, self-powering, and other trends.
REFERENCES1.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_computing
2.www.climatesaverscomputing.org
3.a b c San Murugesan, “Harnessing Green IT: Principles and
Practices,” IEEE IT Professional, January-February 2008, pp 24-
33.
4.‘Green IT For Dummies’-Hewlett Packard Limited Edition
5.”Green IT: Why Mid-Size Companies Are Investing Now”
6.Jones, Ernesta " New Computer Efficiency Requirements". U.S.
EPA.
7.INTELLIGENT COMPUTING CHIP-GREEN COMPUTING
8.Report of the Green Computing Task Group Green Computing and
the Environment
THANK YOU!