green stormwater infrastructure (gsi) performance monitoring · 2019. 2. 25. · double-ring...
TRANSCRIPT
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Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) Performance Monitoring
February 5, 2019
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Welcome.
2
Madison Gibler, PE, ENV SPBurns & McDonnell
Priya Iyengar, Project ManagerSmart Sewer Program
City of Kansas City, Missouri
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Topics
• GSI Types• Types of Testing• Timeline• Results and Discussion
3
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Topics
• GSI Types• Types of Testing• Timeline• Results and Discussion
4
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Vegetated GSI
5
Bioretention Basin
Rain Garden
Infiltration Swale
Dry Detention Basin
Wet Detention Basin
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Permeable Pavement
Porous Asphalt
Pervious Concrete
Permeable Pavers
Grasscrete
Permeable Articulating Concrete Blocks (PACB)
6
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Topics
• GSI Types• Types of Testing• Timeline• Results and Discussion
7
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Vegetated GSI
Types of Testing
Permeable Pavement
8
Soil Moisture Testing
Infiltration Testing
Inundation Testing
Water Level Monitoring
Infiltration Testing
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Topics
• GSI Types• Types of Monitoring• Timeline• Results and Discussion
9
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Timeline
10
2016 2017 2018
16 Sites 24 Sites 33 Sites
• Infiltration Testing(Double-Ring Infiltrometer)
• Infiltration Testing(Double-Ring Infiltrometer)
• Infiltration Testing• Soil Moisture Testing• Inundation Testing• Water Level Monitoring
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Topics
• GSI Types• Types of Monitoring• Timeline• Results and Discussion
11
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Infiltration Testing
Permeable Pavement
12
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Permeable PaversASTM C1781
Pervious Concrete& Porous Asphalt
ASTM C1701
Permeable Pavement Infiltration Testing
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Parking Lot
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Permeable Pavement Types
B.1 B.3
B.4 B.5B.6
B.2
Pervious Concrete Porous Asphalt Permeable Pavers (Type 1)
GrasscretePermeable Pavers (Type 3)Permeable Pavers (Type 2)
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Parking Lot Results
PermeablePavers
Pervious Concrete
Gra
sscr
etePorous
Asphalt
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Permeable Articulating Concrete Blocks
Residential Application Urban Application
Open-Jointed Pavers
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Permeable Articulating Concrete Block Results
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Permeable Pavement Results Summary
19
Parking Lot PACB
Pe
rvio
us
Co
ncr
ete
Po
rou
s A
sph
alt
Pe
rme
able
P
ave
rs
Gra
sscr
ete
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Pilot Project
Permeable Pavers Pervious Concrete
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Pilot Project Results
21
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
A.1a A.1b A.2a A.2b A.3a A.3b A.4a A.4b A.5a A.5b A.6a A.6b A.7a A.7b
Infi
ltra
tio
n R
ate
(in
/hr)
Testing Site
2017 Infiltration Rate 2018 Infiltration Rate
Pervious Concrete Permeable Pavers
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Permeable Pavement Results Summary
22
PACBPilot Project Parking LotP
erv
iou
s C
on
cret
e
Po
rou
s A
sph
alt
Pe
rme
able
P
ave
rs
Gra
sscr
ete
Pe
rvio
us
Co
ncr
ete
Pe
rme
able
P
ave
rs
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Lessons Learned
Destabilized slope & erosion
Sediment loading from adjacent parking lot
Weed growth in paver joints
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Vegetated GSI
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Infiltration Testing
Vegetated GSI
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Infiltration Testing
26
Double-Ring Infiltrometer Falling-Head Infiltrometer
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Infiltrometer Comparison
2727
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Infiltrometer Results
28
Expected Infiltration Ratesbased on Double-Ring Infiltrometer Method
Spring 2017Fall 2017
Fall 2017
Fall 2016
Spring 2017
Fall 2016
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Inundation Testing
Vegetated GSI
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Inundation Testing
30
Direct flow into rain garden
Measure water level
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Inundation Testing Results
31
Double-Ring Infiltrometer Infiltration Rates (in/hr)
2016 2017
24.0 9.0
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Water Level Monitoring
Vegetated GSI
32
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Wet Detention Basin
33
Pressure Transducer
Wet Detention Basin
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Soil Moisture Testing
Vegetated GSI
34
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Soil Moisture Testing
35
Probe
Display
Device
Hand-held device for quick soil moisture readings
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Pilot Project Results
36
Typical SoilsSaturated 46%
Rain Garden Rain Garden Rain Garden Rain Gardenw/Drain Pipe
Rain Garden Rain Garden Bioretention w/Smart Drain
CascadeRain Garden
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Swope Campus Results
37
Typical SoilsSaturated 46%
Rain Garden Rain Garden Rain Garden Rain Garden Rain Garden
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Infiltration Swale Results
38
Typical SoilsSaturated 46%
Infiltration Swale
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Soil Composition
Vegetated GSI
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Soil Composition
• Particle Size Analysis – ASTM D422
40
Sieve Analysis(No. 100 & No. 200)
Hydrometer
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Results (Sieve Analysis)
41
GSI Type Raw Sample (grams) % No. 200 passing (Silt and Clay)
Built In
Raingarden w/Forebay 840 8% 2012
Raingarden w/Forebay 1,650 2% 2012
Raingarden w/Forebay 820 6% 2012
Raingarden 160 31% 2006
Raingarden 160 35% 2015
Raingarden 130 41% 2015
Bioretention w/Forebay 330 16% 2017
Bioretention w/Forebay 1,150 9% 2017
Infiltration Swale 200 25%
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Soil Texture
42
Good for initial Infiltration?
Good for vegetation survival rate?
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Lessons Learned
• Double-Ring method is labor intensive.• Falling-head provides a quick and dirty
test. • Site-specific tests/spot checks may not be
representative of an entire GSI. • Adaptive monitoring is key to quantifying
performance of different GSI. • Use monitoring results for better future
design of GSI.
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Questions?
44