UNDER BARREL GRENADE UNDER BARREL GRENADE LAUNCHERLAUNCHER

GRENADESGRENADES Hand grenade Hand grenade MortarMortar Rifle grenade Rifle grenade Rocket propelled grenadeRocket propelled grenade Smoke grenadeSmoke grenade Recoilless rifleRecoilless rifle

HAND GRANADEHAND GRANADE

DEFINITION:A DEFINITION:A hand grenadehand grenade is an is an anti-personnel weaponanti-personnel weapon that explodes that explodes a short time after release.a short time after release.

HISTORYHISTORY

The first grenades appeared in the The first grenades appeared in the Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire, not long after the , not long after the reign of reign of Leo IIILeo III (717-741). (717-741).[2][2] Byzantine soldiers learned that Byzantine soldiers learned that Greek fireGreek fire..

Characteristics Characteristics Hand grenades have five characteristics:Hand grenades have five characteristics: Their employment range is short. Their employment range is short. Their effective kill radius is small, roughly 5 Their effective kill radius is small, roughly 5

meters. meters. Their effective casualty radius is large. Their effective casualty radius is large.

Approximately 15 meters. Approximately 15 meters. Their delay element permits safe throwing; Their delay element permits safe throwing; Their hard shell enables grenades to Their hard shell enables grenades to ricochetricochet off off

hard surfaces, like walls, before detonating. hard surfaces, like walls, before detonating. Hand grenades have:Hand grenades have: A body containing filler. A body containing filler. A filler, the chemical or explosive for A filler, the chemical or explosive for

fragmentation. fragmentation. A fuse causing the grenade to explode by ignition A fuse causing the grenade to explode by ignition

or detonation.or detonation.

Mortar (weapon)Mortar (weapon)

DEFINITION:DEFINITION:

A mortar is a A mortar is a muzzle-loadingmuzzle-loading indirect fireindirect fire weapon that fires weapon that fires shellsshells at at low velocities, short ranges, and high-low velocities, short ranges, and high-arcing arcing ballisticballistic trajectories. It typically trajectories. It typically has a barrel length less than 15 times its has a barrel length less than 15 times its calibercaliber..

History History Mortars have existed for hundreds of years, first Mortars have existed for hundreds of years, first

seeing use in siege warfare. However, the early seeing use in siege warfare. However, the early incarnations of these weapons such as the incarnations of these weapons such as the PumhartPumhart von von SteyrSteyr were large and heavy, and could were large and heavy, and could not be easily transported. Simply made, these not be easily transported. Simply made, these weapons were no more than iron bowls weapons were no more than iron bowls reminiscent of the kitchen and apothecary reminiscent of the kitchen and apothecary mortarsmortars

from where they drew their name.from where they drew their name. An early transportable mortar was invented by An early transportable mortar was invented by

Baron Baron Menno van Menno van CoehoornCoehoorn (Siege of Grave, 1673 (Siege of Grave, 1673[3][3]). Coehorn-type mortars of approximately ). Coehorn-type mortars of approximately 180 pounds (82 kg) weight were used by both 180 pounds (82 kg) weight were used by both sides during the sides during the American Civil WarAmerican Civil War..

Cntd…Cntd…

120 mm MORTAR120 mm MORTAR

Functions Of Mortar Functions Of Mortar A mortar is relatively simple and easy to A mortar is relatively simple and easy to

operate operate A modern mortar consists of a tube into which A modern mortar consists of a tube into which

gunners drop a shell.gunners drop a shell. A mortar can also be a launcher for A mortar can also be a launcher for fireworksfireworks, ,

a hand-held or vehicle-mounted projector for a hand-held or vehicle-mounted projector for smoke shells or flares, or a large smoke shells or flares, or a large grenade launchergrenade launcher..

Light and medium mortars are portable, and Light and medium mortars are portable, and usually used by usually used by infantryinfantry unitsunits..

Heavy mortars are typically between 120- and Heavy mortars are typically between 120- and 300-mm caliber.300-mm caliber.

A mortar can be carried by one or more men A mortar can be carried by one or more men

GRENADE LAUNCHERGRENADE LAUNCHER DEFINITION:A DEFINITION:A grenade launchergrenade launcher is a is a

weaponweapon that launches a that launches a grenadegrenade to to greater distances, more accurately, and greater distances, more accurately, and faster than a soldier could throw by faster than a soldier could throw by hand. Man-portable grenade launchers hand. Man-portable grenade launchers can either come in the form of a can either come in the form of a standalone weapon (either single-shot standalone weapon (either single-shot or repeating weapons), or mounted or repeating weapons), or mounted under the barrel of a under the barrel of a riflerifle. Alternatively, . Alternatively, many rifles have been designed to fire many rifles have been designed to fire rifle grenadesrifle grenades from their muzzle. from their muzzle.

DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION Most grenade launchers are man-portable, Most grenade launchers are man-portable,

shoulder-fired weapons, usually mounted on a shoulder-fired weapons, usually mounted on a

rifle such as the rifle such as the AK-47AK-47 or or M16M16.. These are almost always single shot, manually These are almost always single shot, manually

reloaded weapons firing 30–40 millimeter reloaded weapons firing 30–40 millimeter calibercaliber grenades which rarely resemble hand grenades which rarely resemble hand grenades, but look more like miniature grenades, but look more like miniature artillery shellsartillery shells..

The most standard grenade round today is The most standard grenade round today is the 40mm grenade, which has a wide variety the 40mm grenade, which has a wide variety of applications in man-portable and vehicle of applications in man-portable and vehicle mounted weapons systemsmounted weapons systems..

A 25mm automatic grenade A 25mm automatic grenade machine gunmachine gun

The The M203M203 (in left hand), a modern (in left hand), a modern

grenade launchergrenade launcher

Cntd….Cntd….The The M203M203 and and GP-30GP-30, which mount to , which mount to

service riflesservice rifles..

Another type of man-portable grenade Another type of man-portable grenade launcher is the launcher is the M32M32 'six shooter' grenade 'six shooter' grenade launcher and its cousins.launcher and its cousins.

Cntd…Cntd…

Multi Shot Grenade Launcher, or Multi Shot Grenade Launcher, or MSGL. Automatic launchers include MSGL. Automatic launchers include the the Mk 19Mk 19, , AGS-17AGS-17, and the , and the HK GMGHK GMG..

Cntd…Cntd…

The The XM25XM25.. the the XM307 ACSWXM307 ACSW automatic automatic

grenade launcher.grenade launcher.

.50 BMG.50 BMG capable of being set to explode at a certain capable of being set to explode at a certain

distance from launch or at a certain height distance from launch or at a certain height above the ground. This gives the ability to above the ground. This gives the ability to hit targets inside of rooms or behind hard hit targets inside of rooms or behind hard cover that would normally not be reachable cover that would normally not be reachable by by small armssmall arms fire. fire.

Rocket-propelled Rocket-propelled grenade grenade

A rocket-propelled grenade (also known as A rocket-propelled grenade (also known as RPG or Rocket Launcher) is any hand-held, RPG or Rocket Launcher) is any hand-held, shoulder-launchedshoulder-launched anti-tankanti-tank weapon capable of weapon capable of firing an unguided firing an unguided rocketrocket equipped with an equipped with an explosiveexplosive warhead. warhead.

RPGs are very effective against unarmored RPGs are very effective against unarmored or lightly armored vehicles such as or lightly armored vehicles such as armored personnel carriersarmored personnel carriers (APCs). (APCs).

History History The RPG has its roots in the 19th century, The RPG has its roots in the 19th century,

with the early development of the explosive with the early development of the explosive shaped chargeshaped charge. The development of practical . The development of practical rocketry provided a means of delivering such rocketry provided a means of delivering such an explosive. Research, occasioned by World an explosive. Research, occasioned by World War II, produced such weapons as the famous War II, produced such weapons as the famous American American bazookabazooka, and German , and German PanzerfaustPanzerfaust, , which combined portability with effectiveness which combined portability with effectiveness against armoured vehicles such as tanks.against armoured vehicles such as tanks.

The The Soviet UnionSoviet Union-developed -developed RPG-7RPG-7 is the most is the most widely distributed and used RPG in the world.widely distributed and used RPG in the world.

Cntd…Cntd…

Smoke grenade Smoke grenade Smoke grenades are canister-type Smoke grenades are canister-type grenadesgrenades

used as ground-to-ground or ground-to-air used as ground-to-ground or ground-to-air signaling devices, target or signaling devices, target or landing zonelanding zone marking marking devices, or a devices, or a screeningscreening devices for unit devices for unit movements. Smoke grenades are normally movements. Smoke grenades are normally considered considered non lethalnon lethal, although incorrect use , although incorrect use

may cause injury or fatalitymay cause injury or fatality..

Cntd…Cntd… Smoke grenades should not be confused with Smoke grenades should not be confused with

smoke bombssmoke bombs, which are typically started with an , which are typically started with an external external fusefuse rather than a pin. Smoke grenades rather than a pin. Smoke grenades often cost much more at around $40 often cost much more at around $40 USDUSD compared to smoke bombs, which can often cost compared to smoke bombs, which can often cost just a few cents. Smoke grenades generally emit just a few cents. Smoke grenades generally emit a far larger amount of smoke than smoke bombs a far larger amount of smoke than smoke bombs that are sold as that are sold as fireworksfireworks..

Smoke grenades are sometimes used in Smoke grenades are sometimes used in paintballpaintball or or airsoftairsoft events, though these are not events, though these are not necessarily of military grade. Some devices necessarily of military grade. Some devices utilised for the purpose of generating concealing utilised for the purpose of generating concealing smoke are high-volume smoke are high-volume smoke candlessmoke candles. .

Cntd..Cntd..

Recoilless rifleRecoilless rifle

DEFINITION:DEFINITION: A recoilless gun or recoilless rifle (RCLR) is A recoilless gun or recoilless rifle (RCLR) is

a lightweight a lightweight weaponweapon that fires a heavier that fires a heavier projectile than would be practical to fire projectile than would be practical to fire from a recoiling weapon of comparable size. from a recoiling weapon of comparable size. Technically, only devices that use a Technically, only devices that use a rifledrifled barrel are recoilless barrel are recoilless riflesrifles[[citationcitation needed needed]. ]. SmoothboreSmoothbore variants are recoilless variants are recoilless gunsguns. This . This distinction is often lost, and both are often distinction is often lost, and both are often called recoilless rifles.called recoilless rifles.

Cntd…Cntd…

HISTORYHISTORY The first recoilless gun was developed by The first recoilless gun was developed by

Commander Cleland Davis of the Commander Cleland Davis of the US NavyUS Navy, , just prior to the First World War. His design just prior to the First World War. His design connected two guns back to back, with the connected two guns back to back, with the backwards-facing gun loaded with lead balls and backwards-facing gun loaded with lead balls and grease of the same weight as the shell in the grease of the same weight as the shell in the other gun. His idea was used experimentally by other gun. His idea was used experimentally by the British as an anti-Zeppelin and anti-the British as an anti-Zeppelin and anti-submarine weapon mounted on an Handley Page submarine weapon mounted on an Handley Page O/100 bomber and intended to be installed on O/100 bomber and intended to be installed on other aircraft.other aircraft.

Cntd…Cntd…