grid data 2014
TRANSCRIPT
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More data and facts on the subject: www.swissgrid.ch/griddata Grid Data 2014
Swissgrid LtdWerkstrasse 12CH-5080 Laufenburg
Dammstrasse 3CH-5070 Frick
Route des Flumeaux 41CH-1008 Prilly
Via Sciupina 6CH-6532 Castione Bahnhofstrasse 37CH-7302 Landquart Untere Zollgasse 28CH-3072 Ostermundigen Grynaustrasse 21CH-8730 Uznach
Phone +41 58 580 21 11Fax +41 58 580 21 [email protected]
Swissgrid App Free from the app store!
Follow us on Twitter!
TRANSMISSION GRID
140 SWITCHING SUBSTATIONS
62,017 GWH TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION
200,000METERING POINTS
50 HZ GRID FREQUENCY
220 KV
12,000ELECTRICITY PYLONS
6,700 KM
380 KVVOLTAGE IN TRANSMISSION GRID
MAKING SECURITY OF SUPPLY MEASURABLE AND TRANSPARENTThousands of measured values recorded by Swissgridindicate trends and provide pointers for where action is required in the transmission grid.
Pull here!
1.
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
More equipment More consumption
Energy efficiency Less consumption
Heating and lighting drive consumption up in the cold season. But in the summer months too, electrical energy is needed increasingly as air conditioning is becoming more and more widespread.
TYPICAL PATTERN: TOTAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN SWITZERLAND REACHES ITS MAXIMUM IN WINTER
Measures and initiatives for improving energy efficiency curb the increase in electricity consumption.
Total energy consumption declined by 2.3%compared to 2013.
In 2014, total energy of 62,017 GWh wasconsumed
6,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
5,000
4,000
GWh
20102011201220132014
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
More and more electricity is being generated decentrally and fed directly into the lower grid levels.
TREND
ENERGY GENERATION IN SWITZERLAND:TOTAL PRODUCTION IN THE RHYTHMOF THE SEASONS
In Switzerland, electrical energy is largely generated by hydropower plants or nuclear plants and fed directly into the transmission grid. Renewable energies are however on the rise.
2.
More decentrally generated energy requires more intelligent distribution and transmission grids.
Increased energy demand in winter and melting snow in summer cause the peaks in the generation curve.
GWh
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total production in Switzerland
Feed-in for the transmission grid
Energy generation in Switzerland
66,379 GWh of total energy was generated in Switzerland in 2014.
TRANSMISSION
LOW TEMPERATURES – HIGH ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION: THE OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE AND ENERGY CONSUMPTION ARE LINKEDWITH EACH OTHER
In winter Switzerland is not able to completely cover its needs itself: electricity must be imported. Precipitation in winter only contributes to electricity production after the snow melts. Then surpluses are accrued that can be exported.
3.
Weather and temperature forecasts are important foundations for planning for the grid control centre Swissgrid Control.
Consumption, production and outside temperature 2014
Energy consumedEnergy producedAverage temperature in Laufenburg
SurplusThe power plant pool produces more thanis consumed.
DeficitThe power plant pool is unable to cover the demand in full.
GWh
10°C
0°C
20°C
6,000
4,000
2,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
TRANSMISSION
LIVELY EXCHANGE WITH ABROAD:ELECTRICITY IMPORTS AND EXPORTS
In summer energy is exported; in winter neighbouringcountries deliver energy to Switzerland. The balance shows a slight net export for 2014.
Due to its central location, Switzerland acts as a power hub for the European grid.
4.
TREND
Volatility in the grid is increasing, meaning that the direction and quantity of the electricity flow change quickly and frequently.
Import and export of electricity Comparison to 2013 in per cent
The grid is being more heavily used. Integration into the European interconnected grid ensures the necessary flexibility.
9,993 GWh
F
D
2,887 GWh
4,5
88
GW
h2
4,4
36
GW
h
+5%
+115%
+ 23%
-25%
-20%
+7%
82
0 G
Wh
5,840 GWh
546 GWh1
1,4
66
GW
h
-2%
IMPORT28,120 GWH-4.3%
EXPORT32,458 GWH+5.7%
TRANSIT25,026 GWH+0.6%
For cost reasons, Italy imports much of its electricity from abroad.
-15%
A
I
5.
GRID LOAD
The number of frequency deviations has increased in the last ten years.
TREND
GRID FREQUENCY REFLECTS THE STATE OF HEALTH OF THE GRID
The ideal grid frequency is precisely 50 Hz.The duration of deviations from this «target value» is increasing. Particularly in cold winters, strong fluctuations in frequency occur.
Grid frequency is monitored precisely and, if needed, kept stable through control energy.
2013 20142010 2011 2012
1st quarter 2nd quarter 3rd quarter 4th quarter
Duration in hours
15
10
5
Mild winter
Frequency deviations of more than 0.075 Hz from the target value
6.
BALANCING ACT: STABILISING GRID FREQUENCY FLUCTUATIONS
BALANCING
Numerous external factors are making forecasts increasingly difficult for the provision of control power.
TREND
If production and consumption in the grid do not match as forecast, control energy is required: with positive control energy more energy is quickly fed into the grid, while with negative control energy a surplus supply of energy must be withdrawn from the grid.
Peak value for control power requested: 400 MW – thiscorresponds to the power of a large hydropower plant.
Abrufe Regelleistung
MW
2011
2012
2014
2013
– +Einsatz positiver
RegelleistungEinsatz negativer
Regelleistung
Leistungsspitzen Sekundärregelung(Wird nach 30 Sekunden automatisch aktiviert. Dadurch wird die Leistungseinspeisung angeglichen.)
Leistungsspitzen Tertiärregelung(Steht 15 Minuten nach dem manuellen Abruf zur Verfügung und wird zur Entlastung des Sekundärreglers eingesetzt.)
0 100-100 200-200300-300
400-400500-500
Control power requests
2011
2012
2014
2013
– +Use of positive control power
Use of negative control power
Secondary control power peaks Is activated automatically after 30 seconds. This aligns the power feed-in.
Tertiary control power peaksIs available 15 minutes after the manual requestand is used to relieve the secondary controller.
BALANCING
GOOD RATIO: THE SHARE OFCONTROL ENERGY IN THE SWISS ELECTRICITY GRID IS VERY LOW
Control energy is requested from selected power plants as needed. Requests for control power are relatively small compared to total energy consumption and amount to a single-digit percentage.
7.
Share of requested control energy in total energy consumption in per cent
The costs for the provision of control power, which all end consumers pay via their electricity bill, have been reduced considerably since 2009.
TREND
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Positive control energy (more energy is fed into the grid)Negative control energy (energy is withdrawn from the grid)
Total control energy
1.0%
1.5%
0.5%
0.0%
Swissgrid ancillary services provide for secure grid operations.
SHARE OF CONTROL ENERGY
1.02%
It was possible to further lower the share of control energy in comparison to last year through good forecasts, a reliable power plant pool and market rules that reward the smallest possible fluctuations between energy generation and energy withdrawal.
Share of requested control energyin total energy consumption
Positive control energy (more energy is fed into the grid)
8.
Through extensive preparations with partners in Switzerland and Europe, it was possible to maintain control over the impacts of the solar eclipse.
The partial solar eclipse on 20 March 2015 in clear weather brought a quick decline in power followed by a sudden, strong rise in electricity generation from photovoltaic plants. To keep the grid in balance, Swissgrid, together with European grid operators, took the necessary precautions to compensate for the sudden lapse in power generation through the joint start-up and shut-down of a great many power plants.
SOLAR ECLIPSE 2015: A STRESS TEST FOR THE GRID IN EUROPE
1012
20
3027
3840
The event provides important findings for a grid that in future has to be more flexible.
TREND
An extremely quick decline in the feed-in from photovoltaic plants, followed by a strong rise to the mid-day maximum.
SOLAR ECLIPSE
Partial solar eclipse 70%
GW
+26GW
1012
8:00 9:00 10:00 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:007:00 TimeCET
20
3027
3840
-15GW
15:006:00
Feed-in from photovoltaic plants in the continental European interconnected grid on 20 March 2015
Feed-in from photovoltaics during normal operationsFeed-in from photovoltaics during solar eclipse
Subje
ct t
o c
han
ge –
sta
tus
Apri
l 20
15
More data and facts on the subject: www.swissgrid.ch/griddata Grid Data 2014
Swissgrid LtdWerkstrasse 12CH-5080 Laufenburg
Dammstrasse 3CH-5070 Frick
Route des Flumeaux 41CH-1008 Prilly
Via Sciupina 6CH-6532 Castione Bahnhofstrasse 37CH-7302 Landquart Untere Zollgasse 28CH-3072 Ostermundigen Grynaustrasse 21CH-8730 Uznach
Phone +41 58 580 21 11Fax +41 58 580 21 [email protected]
Swissgrid App Free from the app store!
Follow us on Twitter!