gridnets2009, athens 08/09/09 business models, accounting and billing concepts in grid-aware...

GridNets2009, Athens 08/09/09

Business Models, Accounting and Billing Business Models, Accounting and Billing Concepts in Grid-aware NetworksConcepts in Grid-aware Networks

Serafim KotrotsosSerafim Kotrotsos11, Peter Racz, Peter Racz22, Cristian Morariu, Cristian Morariu22, Katerina Iskioupi, Katerina Iskioupi11,,David HausheerDavid Hausheer22, Burkhard Stiller, Burkhard Stiller22

11 EXIS IT ltd, Vas.Sofias 98, GR-11528 Athens, HellasEXIS IT ltd, Vas.Sofias 98, GR-11528 Athens, Hellas

[email protected]@exis.com.gr 22 Department of Informatics, University of Zurich Department of Informatics, University of Zurich

{racz, morariu, hausheer, stiller}@ifi.uzh.ch{racz, morariu, hausheer, stiller}@ifi.uzh.ch

Europe-China Grid InterNetworkingEurope-China Grid InterNetworkingwww.ec-gin.euwww.ec-gin.eu

Supported by Supported by


IntroductionIntroduction

• Grid: the infrastructure for computing and storage resource Grid: the infrastructure for computing and storage resource sharing across administrative boundaries over internetsharing across administrative boundaries over internet

• Current Internet: based on original design Current Internet: based on original design suitable for e-mail suitable for e-mail and web applications and web applications Network Challenges for Grid Applications running on top of the

Internet

• Assuming that more than one network paths with no shared Assuming that more than one network paths with no shared bottlenecks exist between two nodes…bottlenecks exist between two nodes…

• Typical scenatios:Typical scenatios:

Large File Transfer Streaming

• The role of IncentivesThe role of Incentives Non-Monetary (e.g. TFT, PSH) based on reciprocity Monetary, in heterogeneous large scale grids (proposed herein)


OutlineOutline

• A proposal for a traditional monetary – based A proposal for a traditional monetary – based incentive approachincentive approach

• Includes accounting and billing elements based on Includes accounting and billing elements based on amount of traffic relayed amount of traffic relayed

• Based on a multi-domain approach Based on a multi-domain approach

• Supporting multiple virtual organizations and Supporting multiple virtual organizations and multiple network operatorsmultiple network operators

• Evaluated against Grid-based Large File Transfer Evaluated against Grid-based Large File Transfer


The Large File Transfer ScenarioThe Large File Transfer ScenarioTraditional routing would route all traffic between A and B through Traditional routing would route all traffic between A and B through

the same network paththe same network path

LFT could use Grid nodes as relays in order to route traffic from the LFT could use Grid nodes as relays in order to route traffic from the

sender to the receiver on multiple paths chosen by the sender. sender to the receiver on multiple paths chosen by the sender.


Business ModelsBusiness Models

vEnd Users

XXContent Providers

XXvGrid Operators

vvvvService Providers

vXXvXAccess Providers

XXXXvvBackbone Operators

XXvXvXXResource Providers

End UsersContent

ProvidersGrid

OperatorsService

ProvidersAccess

ProvidersBackbone Operators

Resource Providers

A --> B

vEnd Users

XXContent Providers

XXvGrid Operators

vvvvService Providers

vXXvXAccess Providers

XXXXvvBackbone Operators

XXvXvXXResource Providers

End UsersContent

ProvidersGrid

OperatorsService

ProvidersAccess

ProvidersBackbone Operators

Resource Providers

A --> B

A vision of the Computational Economy based on Revenue A vision of the Computational Economy based on Revenue

sharing collaborating partners for the provision of Grid Servicessharing collaborating partners for the provision of Grid Services

Cloud computing as business reality of Grid visionCloud computing as business reality of Grid vision


Overall ArchitectureOverall Architecture

• Clearing houses providing Clearing houses providing Billing and Accounting Billing and Accounting infrastructure in their domaininfrastructure in their domain

• Metering element measuring Metering element measuring traffic volumestraffic volumes

• Security element maintaining Security element maintaining certificates for each relay nodecertificates for each relay node

• Pricing element incorporating Pricing element incorporating traditional and advanced traditional and advanced pricing modelspricing models

• Application(s) using LFT Application(s) using LFT serviceservice

Function Blocks

SecurityComponent

& Agent

Billing Agent

AAA Component

& Agent

MeteringModule

PricingComponent

LFT Application

Interfaces

ClearingHouse

Applications


AccountingAccounting

Accounting records are exchanged via the Diameter Accounting Accounting records are exchanged via the Diameter Accounting

Request / Answer protocol. Request / Answer protocol.


BillingBilling•The Clearing House is the 3The Clearing House is the 3rdrd party trusted side that assures party trusted side that assures objectivity objectivity

•They maintain open accounts They maintain open accounts per Grid node / domain per Grid node / domain participating in the participating in the Computational Economy Computational Economy simplifying transactionssimplifying transactions

•Services are cascaded, so Services are cascaded, so that the users consider that the users consider receiving total service by the receiving total service by the first grid nodes in their first grid nodes in their alternative network paths.alternative network paths.

•Billing includes mediation, Billing includes mediation, rating and post-paid invoicingrating and post-paid invoicing


Advantages of Architecture (1/2)Advantages of Architecture (1/2)

• Support of accounting and charging across Support of accounting and charging across multiplemultiple domains.domains.

• Robustness and scalabilityRobustness and scalability through the support of through the support of multiple parallel sessions to different accounting multiple parallel sessions to different accounting servers.servers.

• SecuritySecurity, using IPSec and Transport Layer Security , using IPSec and Transport Layer Security (TLS) over OpenDiameter library.(TLS) over OpenDiameter library.

• SimplicitySimplicity by by applying the 'Service Cascading' concept following the main structural blocks of state-of-the-art

commercial billing infrastructures


Advantages of Architecture (2/2)Advantages of Architecture (2/2)

• FlexibilityFlexibility - not limitation to specific pricing / - not limitation to specific pricing / discounting policy, services, business relationships or discounting policy, services, business relationships or network infrastructurenetwork infrastructure

• FeasibilityFeasibility - no complex pricing algorithms or metrics - no complex pricing algorithms or metrics while supporting all possible complexity of business while supporting all possible complexity of business relations relations

• TrustTrust - clearing house entities, a pragmatic approach in - clearing house entities, a pragmatic approach in network economies as the one of wireless telephonynetwork economies as the one of wireless telephony


ConclusionsConclusions

• A realistic, monetary – based incentive – based A realistic, monetary – based incentive – based framework for nodes providing explicit support to framework for nodes providing explicit support to Grid – ApplicationsGrid – Applications

• Exceptional results with LFT – based applicationsExceptional results with LFT – based applications

• Further research is addressed on real-time Further research is addressed on real-time streaming servicesstreaming services

• This work brings the grid - vision closer to modern This work brings the grid - vision closer to modern every – day businessevery – day business


AcknowledgementsAcknowledgements

• This work has been performed partially in the This work has been performed partially in the framework of the EU IST project EC-GIN under the framework of the EU IST project EC-GIN under the contract STREP FP6-2006-IST-045256. contract STREP FP6-2006-IST-045256.

• Additionally, the authors would like to Additionally, the authors would like to acknowledge discussions with all of their acknowledge discussions with all of their colleagues and project partners.colleagues and project partners.


Thank you!Thank you!

Questions/Comments?Questions/Comments?

gridnets2009, athens 08/09/09 business models, accounting and billing concepts in grid-aware...

Documents

grid applications

internet grid

grid nodes

introduction grid

large file transfer

accounting infrastructure

network paths

multiple network operators