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MA-150
Hypertension and YOU
What is Hypertension?
High blood pressure or hypertension for adults
is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140
mmHg or higher or a diastolic blood pressure of
90 mmHg or higher.
Signs and Symptoms
According to the CDC, High blood pressure is called the "silent killer" because many
people don't realize they have it. High blood pressure often has no
warning signs or symptoms.
Signs and Symptoms (cont’)
The only way to detect whether or not you have high blood
pressure is to have your blood pressure measured by a doctor
or health professional—it is quick and painless.
Risk Factors
• Age (Risk increases as age increases)
• Race/Ethnicity (most prevalent in African Americans)
• Family History
• Diabetes (60% of diabetic individuals are also hypertensive)
Lifestyle Factors
• Overweight/Obesity
• Excessive Sodium Intake
• Inactivity/Sedentary Lifestyle
• Excessive Alcohol Intake
• Smoking
Texas Outlook
According to Dr. Mark H. Drazner of the University of
Texas Southwestern Medical Center, hypertension remains a major public health problem [in the DFW area] associated with
considerable morbidity and mortality...
Prevalence Among Texans
Who’s most at risk?
According to the Texas Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System, Center for Health Statistics, African
American women age 45 and older comprise the highest risk group for hypertension among
Texans.
Prognosis
If left untreated, hypertension can lead to heart disease,
stroke, heart attack, congestive heart failure, kidney disease, an overall reduced quality of life,
and eventually death.
Treatment and Prevention
The first step in treating and/or preventing hypertension is discovering whether or not you have it. The seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC 7)
recommends screening every 2 years in persons with blood pressure less than 120/80 mmHg and every year with systolic blood pressure of 120 to 139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 89
mmHg.
Treatment and Prevention (cont’)
The next step in the prevention and/or reversal of hypertension is
effecting a change in lifestyle.
Eat a Healthy Diet
The CDC, NIH, AHA and numerous other governmental and private
agencies alike recommend a diet low in sodium consisting of whole natural
foods, fresh fruits and vegetables, lean cuts of meat, and whole fibrous grains.
They also universally recommend consuming processed and fast foods
on an occasional basis only.
Lose Weight/Maintain a Healthy Weight (BMI)
Losing weight in addition to changing your diet can also lower your blood
pressure. The Body Mass Index (BMI) will tell you where you are currently with your
weight, and where you should aim.
To calculate your BMI, visit this website: http://www.nhlbisupport.com/bmi/
Get Moving!
The Surgeon General recommends at least 30 minutes of moderate daily
activity, however you can be more active even if you don’t have time to exercise. Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk or bike instead of driving for short trips, take a short
walk on your lunch break, get creative, you can do it!
Stop Unhealthy Habits
If you don’t smoke, don’t start. If you do, now is the optimal time to quit. In
addition to high blood pressure; lung cancer, emphysema, COPD and a
multitude of other preventable diseases are a direct result of smoking. Don’t wait
until it’s too late:
See http://smokefree.gov/ for more information.
Stop Unhealthy Habits (cont’)
Excessive alcohol use, including underage drinking and binge drinking
(drinking 5 or more drinks during a single occasion for men or 4 or more drinks during a single occasion for
women), can lead to increased risk of health problems such as hypertension, injuries, violence, liver diseases, and
cancer. Limit consumption to one drink per day for women, two per day for men.
Medication Options
If lifestyle changes do not help control blood pressure, or if your
blood pressure is excessively high, medications may be prescribed. No medication is without risk so make sure to talk with your doctor about any medications prescribed. Some
common blood pressure medications are:
Medications (cont’)
• Diuretics• Beta-blockers• ACE inhibitors• Angiotensin antagonists• Calcium channel blockers (CCBs)• Alpha-blockers• Alpha-beta-blockers• Nervous system inhibitors• Vasodilators
Final Thoughts
While there are some factors such as age and ethnicity that you cannot control, the
bulk of the responsibility is in your hands. You only have one body, you
won’t be given another. Never take it for granted.
“After all…it’s only your heart…” – Mr. P.
References• http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/wellness/data.shtm• http://www.cdc.gov/bloodpressure/facts.htm• http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/hbp/treat/bpd_type.htm• http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/
uspstf07/hbp/hbprs.htm• http://www.nhlbisupport.com/bmi/• http://smokefree.gov/• http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/• http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/wellness/PDF/posters/
hbp-prev-mort-poster.pdf• http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/123/3/327.full
Presented By:
Essence Carianne Kassandra
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