A GREEN

SOLUTION FOR

SUSTAINABLE

WATER

MANAGEMENT

EALTH

BVIATE

EPLENISH

ENERATE

UIC TEAM Caitlin Bray Erica Michie Kevin Liu Oluwaseyi Afuwape

VIT TEAM Disha Tandon Siddartha Joshi Suniti Singh Ravi Teza

Vellore Palar River Industries Common Effluent Treatment Plants Ranipet Vaniyambadi Melvisharam SIPCOT Ambur

? Problem Contaminated water

It is claimed by farmers in the surrounding area that the CETP's dump their wastes in the farmer's fields

The ground water is polluted by certain metals

Chromium

Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Copper, Cadmium

Long-term water level fluctuations indicate lowering of water table in Vellore

Element Detection Limits

Chromium 0.1-1ppb

Lead 1-10ppb

Zinc 0.1-1 ppb

Nickel 0.1-1ppb

Copper 0.1-1ppb

Cadmium <0.1ppb

HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN SEDIMENTS mg/kg Puliyanthangal Site - Ranipet n=5

Cr Ni Zn Pb Cd EC (2000) Maximum 60 50 150 70 1 Permissible Limit Range 197-523 63-220 200-372 47-117 0.02-0.32 Minimum 197.2 63.58 200.5 47.52 0.02 Maximum 523.2 220.76 372.3 117.3 0.32 Mean 351.5 129.1 277.7 83.1 0.108 SD 136.1 62.6 68.6 31.59 0.12

Prevalence of Chromium in World United States Brazil, Cuba India, Kazakhstan, Turkey and southern Africa South Africa

Industry Stainless steel Textile Dye Electroplating Tannery Electronic

Solution( Ideation theme )

Treatment of industrial

waste(heavy metals) by CETPs

Dumping the waste in landfills

is an option

• Inefficient as anyway ground water is polluted

• As mentioned above, farmers claim that the waste is dumped in their farms

• Unsuitable in the long run

• Land and water contamination

• Biomagnification: Accumulation of wastes in the food chain

Phytoremediation

Inedible crops Edible crops may harm the food chain E.g.- Casuarina

Very efficient in the long run It will destroy the root cause of contamination

Revenue generation Agriculture Biofertilizer

Targets the ground water Absorbs heavy metals

Parameters Vellore (Conditions) Casuarina (Requirements)

Climate Tropics, hot, humid Semi-arid, hot, humid, tropics, coastal area

Temperature 28-39oC 32oC

Rainfall 860mm 700-2500mm

Soil Sandy loam Sandy, loamy, laterite, saline/alkaline

pH 7.8 4.8-8.4

USES OF CASUARINA

FENCING MATERIAL

BUILDING-TIMBER & FIREWOOD

FURNITURE AND TOOLS

PAPER INDUSTRY

DECORATIVE ITEMS

FERTILIZER

How is it done: Plant Tissue Culture

Explant: a plant part (tissue) from Casuarina is taken.

The explant is cultured in suitable growth medium supplemented with suitable plant growth regulators and Cr.

An undifferentiated mass of cells is obtained. Called as callus.

Callus cultured in suitable medium and growth regulators for plant regeneration. (Artificial seed can also be made, if desired)

Tiny plantlets planted into greenhouse for few days to adapt to field conditions.

Hardened plantlets obtained. Sold to farmers. 2-3 yrs taken to achieve complete plant growth.

Heavy Metal Reduction in soil due Plant Uptake

Days Cr Ni Cd Pb

*0th day 1.19 0.24 0.98 6.482

*30th day 0.68 0.21 0.62 3.601

*60th day 0.31 0.18 0.22 1.907

% Removal from soil

73.94 25 77.55 70.58

Expected uptake capacity

in 1 yr when similar amount of metal taken

on 0th day

5.353

0.365

4.623

27.83

*Heavy metal concentration in the soil (conc. in mg/kg) from pot culture

studies

BU

SIN

ESS

MO

DEL

VALUE PROPOSITION Reliable, Quality

services Robust technology

& domain knowledge

OPERATIONAL PLAN

•PTC Technique & Cost •Quality Control •Consumer Service & Support

•Amount of Space • Easy Access •Convenient transportation

LOCATION

PRODUCTION

•Average value in stock •Lead-time for ordering

INVENTORY LEGAL ENVIRONMENT

•Licensing and bonding requirements

•Permits •Insurance coverage

•Trademark

MARKETING OPERATION

The BioCarbon Fund- World

Bank

ExNoRa

Root Capital

Society For Promotion of

Integrated Coastal Area Management

(SPICAM) Government

body

Local MNC’s/ SEZ

Industry

NGO’s

COMPANY NODAL CENTRE

Farmers

INDICATES

SUPPLY

INDICATES

COLLABORATION

TAR

GET

C

UST

OM

ERS

GROWTH AND YIELD ON FIELD Spacing requirements: 3m x 1.5 m

About 1778 (80%) of them are expected to grow into poles.

About 1422 (80% of survival) of good sized poles with a market value of Rs. 50/- (Approx.) each will be obtained.

Additionally about 25 tons of fuel wood at farm gate price of Rs.500/ton will be obtained.

1.Pole 1422 Nos. @ Rs. 50/- each - Rs. 71,100/-

2.Firewood 25 tons @ Rs. 500/ton - Rs. 12,500/-

TOTAL : Rs. 83,600/-

Seedlings planted:2222

Survival:1778

Good sized poles: 1422

ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF GROWING THE CASUARINA PLANT

Sl. Particulars of work Cost per harvest

1. Site preparation 400

2. Initial ploughing 1000

3. Alignment & staking 400

4. Digging of pits(30 cu.m ) & refilling of pits after mixing FYM, Fertiliser and insecticide

7100

5. Cost of FYM @3 Kg/pit 3333

6. Cost of fertiliser @100 gm/plant (N in form of Urea) 1111

7. Cost of insecticides / pesticides @5 gm/pit 250

8. Cost of plants including transport 7998

9. Planting & replanting @ 100 plants per MD 2600

10. Weeding cum soil working 7000

11. Pruning/tending 5000

12. Irrigation @ 5 times / yr during dry months only 3750

13. SUB TOTAL 39942

14. GRAND TOTAL INPUT 43936

15. GRAND TOTAL SELL VALUE 83600

16. NET PROFIT 39664

PRODUCTION COSTS

Operational Costs Rs. ( ~ 600 plantlets)

Media 56

Consumables (chem+ vermiculite) 21.32

Net Gain Rs. 522.68

Sell Value @ Rs. 1 per sapling Rs. 600

• *Calculations based on the basis of 1L media

• *Certain variation may occur in the exact no. of plantlets

• Power , Transport & Labor cost may affect slightly the operational costs

• Power Requirements: Rs.500 per month

CARBON CREDITS

• One carbon credit is equivalent to 1 ton of carbon released in the atmosphere.

• Carbon credits are often used in conjunction with cap-and-trade schemes and have two distinct types. Carbon Offset Credits consist of clean forms of energy like, wind, solar, hydro and biofuels.

• At the moment, the Carbon market is quoting one Credit as being worth US$10 – 30.

THANK YOU!!