growth and dev elopement by abhishek jaguessar

8/4/2019 Growth and Dev Elopement by Abhishek Jaguessar

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ISSUES IN GROWTH ANDDEVELOPMENT OF ADOLESCENCE

(Wonder years of Life)

BY ABHISHEK JAGUESSAR


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What do you understand by

ADOLESCENCE ?


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Adolescence is that period ofAdolescence is that period oflife of an individual whenlife of an individual when ..

What is ADOLESCENCE?

Society no longer views you asSociety no longer views you asa child but does not recognizea child but does not recognize

you as an adultyou as an adult

10 19 Years


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TEENAGE ?


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Teen Age is .

ThirTEEN to NineTEEN Years of AgeThirTEEN to NineTEEN Years of Age


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IAP VISION 2007

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TIATIVE What do you understand by

PUBERTY ?


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AAbiological process which transforms a childbiological process which transforms a child

into an adult.into an adult.

Period of sexual maturationPeriod of sexual maturation

Period of Rapid Growth and DevelopmentPeriod of Rapid Growth and Development


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TIATIVE Begins at

10 (range 8-13) in Girls12 (range 10-15) in Boys

Duration3-3.5 (2-6) Yrs.

What is the Normal Age Of PubertyWhat is the Normal Age Of Puberty


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Puberty has Variations !!!

Friends of same age can be at a differentpuberty level

Those who get early changes are called asearly bloomers- these children will appearbigger and older than their class mates.

Those who get late changes are called as

late bloomers these children will appearsmaller and younger than their class mates


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Major variations in changes are in..

all the body changes of puberty may be

completed in some of you in two years butsome may take as long as five years

BUT ALL OF YOU WILL BE CONSIDEREDNORMAL


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Your final adult height

The rate of the changes in your puberty

and the height of your parents will

determine your final adult height

This is genetically determined ,but can be

improved to some extent by healthy dietand exercise


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Human beings are not like robots .that means notwo individuals can be exactly alike!!

Different growth parameters cause difference inheight, weight, muscle mass, size of the body partslike breast ,genitalia etc

These variations make human beings moreinteresting as they all look different

Hence whatever your body size and proportion are ,YOU should be happy and confident about yourBODY IMAGE

Variations make you UNIQUE


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MATURATION of your GONADS

Development of secondary sexual characters

Growth spurt

Change in body composition & proportionsMaturity of your bones/skeletal system

What are thePubertal Achievements ?


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The Major Physical Changes of Puberty

Major increase in genital system (primary and

secondary sex characteristics)

Gaining of 25% of final height (18-30 cm);

Doubling of body mass (gaining 50% of the ideal

body weight; 20-30 Kg)

Maturation of facial bones [Ramus of mandible -

25% grow during 12-20 Yrs.] Eyes - Increase in axial diameter Myopia

In Girls-Pelvic growth, greater fat mass

In Boys-Shoulder growth, more lean body mass


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The Physical Changes of Puberty

Primary and secondary sex

characteristics

Increase of 18-30 cm in height

which is about 25% of adult height;

Increase of 20-30 Kg ..Doubling

of body mass ie gaining 50% of

the ideal adult body weight


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The Physical Changes of Puberty

Maturation of facial bones Eyes elongation

of eye balls with increased height .Hence

very often you need spectacles or your

number increases during puberty

In Girls-there is Pelvic growth, greater fat

mass hence they develop body curves

In Boys-Shoulder growth, more lean body

mass hence they look more muscular


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Sequence of pubertal events in girls

Breast development ieThelarche-

Genital hair ie Pubarche-

Axillary hair Height velocity peaks Menstruation begins ie

Menarche

Final development to adultstatus of pubic hair,breasts, height etc

Growth Spurt occurs-Extremities grow first

Long bone growth

stops Skin becomes oily

All permanent teeth

erupt Increased

perspiration


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Sequence of pubertal events in boys

Testes increase in size Genital hair ie pubarche- Axillary hair

facial and body hair growth Penis increases in size Height velocity peaks Larynx enlarges, voice

deepens Ejaculation occurs at nightie Nocturnal emissions(wet dreams )

Growth spurt occurs

Skin becomes oily

All permanent teeth

erupt

Increased

Perspiration

Shoulders widen Muscle mass

increases


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Early indicators of puberty

Increase in foot size (Shoe size changes)

Trouser size looking short now

Clothes size needs bigger clothes


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When should you worry about the

changes ? When Pubertal physical changes are-Early

Breast development before 8 years of age

Menarche before 10 years of age Enlarging testicles before 9 years of age

When NO signs of puberty are there -

Delayed 13 years in girls

14 years in boysIf any of these is present, then consult your

Pediatrician


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How do you know that your weight is

NORMAL?

You must Know your BMI ie Body Mass Index

BMI = Weight (Kg) / Height 2(Meter) If BMI is less that means you are

undernourished

If BMI is more that means you are over weightor obese


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How to interpret your BMI ?

Your BMI should be routinely monitored

5th

percentile means lower limit of normal95th percentile means upper limit of normal

50th percentile means average

Insert table of BMI age and gender


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Common adolescent Concerns of

Body image

Is my Breast size normal (small or large)

Is my Genital size normal (small or large)

My Body hair(less or more)

My Complexion (Fair or Dark)

My Skin ( Pimples, dark spots )

If in doubtconsult yourdoctor


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Common Adolescent Concerns of

Body image

Anxious about appearance

How do I look?

Am I normal?

Can I become more beautiful/handsome /macho/Smart?


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Develop inner qualities

Personality

Is more important than external

looks, hence develop your inner

qualities which are ever lasting

IAP VISION 2007


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Are Food supplements needed for body building

Weight reduction methods

Height increase measures

Cosmetic surgery

Common adolescent Concerns

If in doubt consult your doctor

IAP VISION 2007


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Psychosocial Development

Dependence to independence analytical & logical thinking; decision

making emotional independence

conflicts with parents; by late

adolescence parental values areunderstood and appreciated

IAP VISION 2007


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Self esteem Measure of regard of oneself; ones

personal worth and place in society; linkedwith self respect

Identify good qualities and develop them


IAP VISION 2007


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Desires and temptations

Desire to experiment

Refrain from experimenting harmful

activities

Going too far is risky

Often fail to distinguish infatuation

and love

Adolescence is for making Career in

Life (and you will get a lot of time for

making Love-life.)


IAP VISION 2007


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Peer group involvement More dependence on friends

Early adolescence -same sex;middle adolescence -increasedinvolvement with opposite sex

Peer values, behavior, activities;

peer pressures Act according to your conscience and

moral values

Select friends carefully


IAP VISION 2007


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Pubertal Changes Normal

Age Range of Appearance (Years)

Thelarche 8.9 - 12.9

Pubarche 9.0 - 13.9

Menarche 9.3 - 17.0

Testicular enlargement 10.0 - 14.8

Peak height velocity M 12.16 - 16.46

Peak height velocity F 10.2 - 14.6

Adult breast state 11.0 - 19.0

Adult genitalia 11.0 - 18.0

IAP VISION 2007


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Is my height NORMAL?

Know your height potential

Mid Parental Height

(Mothers Height + Fathers Height)/2

Add 6.5 cm in Boys

Minus 6.5 cm in Girls

This gives Target Height as an Adult + 7.5 cm for Boys

+ 6 cm for Girls

IAP VISION 2007


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Is my height NORMAL?

Track your Height Measure height now and after 6 months

Before puberty begins, it should be 2-3 cm

in 6 months After puberty begins it varies but certainly

more than 3 cm in 6 months during early

phases of puberty Please, note very little height gain occurs

after menarche (Completion of Puberty)

If any doubt is there, then consult your

IAP VISION 2007


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growth and dev elopement by abhishek jaguessar

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