growth and pattern of industrialization in india
DESCRIPTION
it explains the growth of industrialization in india and the changes in industrial pattern.TRANSCRIPT
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Growth and Pattern
of
Industrialisation
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By- manmeetkaur saini
Shivalalitha pillai
Jasmeetkaur jolly
Vriddhee goel
Ramya kata
Neeta ghule
Tanvi shetty
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INTRODUCTION
Post Independence Period – Underdeveloped Economy Industrial Growth :-
1951 – 1965 – Establishing Industrial Base.
1965 – 1976 – Slow Growth.
1976 – 1995 – Industrial Recovery.
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INDUSTRIAL GROWTH SINCE 1991
Introduction to New Industrial Policy 1991.
Important factors affecting slowdown since 1996.
Tenth Plan Period ( 2002- 2007).
Eleventh Plan Period (2007- 2012).
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Industrial Pattern In India
Classification on the basis of:- Use of Goods Sectors Ownership Size of Investment
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BASIC GOODS 45.68%
CAPITAL GOODS
8.83%
CONSUMER GOODS
8.46%
MANUFACTURING
< 25 LAKH>25 LAKH>5 CR
SERVICE <10LAKH>10 LAKH>2CR
MINING 14.16%
MANUFACTURING
75.53%
ELECTRICITY 10.32%
SIZE OF INVESTMENT
USEOF GOODS SECTORS
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Changes in USE BASED Industries
Consumer non durables
Capital goods
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Changes in ownership based industries
In 1950, railways , posts and telegraphs were the main industries.
In 2011-12,there were altogether 248 central public sector enterprises.
The cumulative investment in all CPSEs together stood at 666848 crores .
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Share in investment
manufacturingminingelectricityservices
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CHANGES IN MANUFACTURING SECTOR.
1.Changes in shares of different sectors in industrial production.
• Chemical and chemical products.
•Basic metals and alloys.
•Transport equipments and parts.
• Machinery.
• Textile
• Food, beverages and tobacco
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2. Increase in capital intensity.
Rise in fixed capital per employee – CAGR by 6.5%
3. No change in the paradox of Indian manufacturing.
“The paradox of Indian manufacturing in 1980s
is that a labour rich, capital poor economy using too little of the former and using the latter very effeciently”
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1997-98
2003-04
2004-05
2008-09
STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE ORAGANISED MANUFACTURING SECTOR.
RATE OF EMPLOYMENT.
Manufacturing , one of the key driver of the transformation of the growth path of Indian economy witnessed during the post 2000.
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MAJOR PROBLEMS IN INDUSTRIAL
SECTOR
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1.Infrastructural constraint
2.Industrial productivity
Average Capital productivity
Labour productivity
Total productivity
1980 3.9 7.5 0.7
1990 2.1 7.1 0.9
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3.Emplyment
1983-94 1994-08
Public sector 1.53 -0.65
Private sector 0.44 1.75
Total organised
1.20 0.05
Rate of growth of employment in the organised sector (%per annum)
4.Burden of Public sector2nd Five Year Plan onwards-
massive investment in public sector
Adverse impact on the industrial sector
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Industrial Sickness Sick units in India
• Internal Factors• External Factors
Regional Imbalances
End of March
• 2001• 2007
Large and medium
• 3,317• 3,992
Small
• 2,49,630• 1,14,132
Total
• 2,52,947• 1,18,124
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Rising competition and Unfair Practices
Industrial Pollution
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