gtu be ec 6th sem syllabus teaching scheme

7/27/2019 GTU BE EC 6th Sem Syllabus Teaching Scheme

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Subject Code 161001

Subject Name Digital Communication

Teaching Scheme

(Hours)

L T P

4 0 2

Course

1. Probability Theory & Random Variables :

Information, Probability, Conditional Probability of independent eents, Relation bet!een

probability and probability "ensity , Relei#h Probability "ensity , C"$, P"$, Random Variables,

Varian%e of a Random Variable, ,%orrelation bet!een Random Variables, tatisti%al

'era#es()eans*,)ean and Varian%e of s+m of Random ariables, inear mean s-+are

stimation, Central limit theorem, rror f+n%tion and Complementary error f+n%tion "is%rete

and Contin+o+s Variable, /a+ssian P"$, Threshold "ete%tion, tatisti%al 'era#e, ChebysheIn -+ality, '+to %orre%tion.

2. Information Theory :

Con%ept & )eas+re of information, o+r%e Codin#, rror $ree Comm+ni%ation er a noisy

%hannel, hannon Theorem, The %hannel %apa%ity of a "is%rete )emory less Channel,

ptim+m ystem, The %hannel %apa%ity of a Contin+o+s Channel, Pra%ti%al Comm+ni%ation

ystem In i#ht of hannons -+ation.

. $ormattin# a 3ase 3and )od+lation :3ase band system, The amplin# Theorem, amplin# and interpolation f+n%tions, pe%tra,

y-+ist Theorem, 5nder samplin#, 'ppli%ations ,'liasin#, PC), "PC), '"PC), 5niform and

on6+niform 7+anti8ation, 7+anti8ation rror in PC), "elta )od+lation, 'daptie "elta

)od+lations, R Cal%+lation, on6+niform 7+anti8ation, Phase )od+lation.

4. "i#ital %omm+ni%ation system :

"i#ital m+ltiple9in# ,line %odin#, P" on off si#nalin#, 3ipolar si#nalin#, "+o binary si#nal,

p+lse shapin#, y-+ist first and se%ond %riterion for 8ero II, Re#eneratie repeaters,

"ete%tion error Probability, )6ary ystem, %ramblin#, "i#ital Carrier ystem

;. rror Corre%tin# Codes :

Introd+%tion, inear blo%< %ode, %y%li% %ode, %onol+tion %ode, 3+rst rror Corre%tin# and

dete%tin# %ode, Interla%ed %ode for b+rst and random error /eneration, Comparison of %oded

and +n6%oded system.

=. "i#ital )od+lation Te%hni-+es :

7'), 3P>, 7P>, "P>, "P>, )>, )6ary6$>, )6ary6P>, 3$> of ario+s di#ital

mod+lation te%hni-+es.

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?. "i#ital Comm+ni%ation ystems in the Presen%e of oise :

oise $i#+re, i#nal to noise Ratio, performan%e of %omm+ni%ation system !ith %hannel noise,

ptim+m 3inary Re%eier.

@. "i#ital Carrier "emod+lation Te%hni-+es :

Coherent and non6%oherent dete%tion of '>, $>, P>, 7P>, "P>.

A. pread pe%tr+m Comm+ni%ations :

Introd+%tion to $re-+en%y hoppin#, Introd+%tion to dire%t se-+en%e pread pe%tr+m,

Introd+%tion to C")', erie! of latest trends in di#ital %omm+ni%ation.

Tet !oo"s

1. "i#ital and analo# %omm+ni%ation system by 3. P. athi & Bhi "in# ($R" +niersity

press*D4th

ditionE

2. Prin%iple of %omm+ni%ation system by Ta+b & %hillin# (T'T' )%/R'F6GI* D2nd

ditionE

#e$erence !oo"s

1. 'n Introd+%tion to 'nalo# and "i#ital Comm+ni%ations by imon Gay<in (Filey India*

2. "i#ital Comm+ni%ations by imon Gay<in (Filey India*



Subject Code 161002

Subject Name Audio-Video Systems

Teaching Scheme

(Hours

! T "

4 0 2

Course

1. Sound Fundamentals :

The Physics of Sound, Sound and the Ear, The Cochlea, Mental Processes, e!el and oudness,

Pitch, Fre"uency #es$onse and inearity, %udio e!el Meterin&, The 'eci(el in %coustics,

%coustic )ntensity e!el, %coustic Po*er e!el, %coustic Pressure e!el, )n!erse S"uare a*,

The + and the +olume )ndicator )nstrument, The Phon. +elocity of Sound, #eflection and

#efraction, %(sor$tion, #oot Mean S"uare Measurements, selection of sound a(sor(in&

materials, %rchitectural %coustics.

2. Sound %m$lification:

Pream$lifiers #e"uirements, Si&nal +olta&e and )m$edance e!els, Pream$lifier Sta&es,

+olta&e %m$lifier 'esi&n, Constant-Current Sources and Current Mirrors, Performance

Standards, Po*er %m$lifier Classes, Thermal 'issi$ation imits, Sin&le-Ended +ersus Push

Pull /$eration, S*itchin& %m$lifiers, %m$lifier roundin&, Cross /!er et*or. %udio

Terminations ine-in3out, %u-in3out, M)C )n.

5. 'i&ital %udio :'i&ital %udio Fundamentals, Sam$lin& and 6uanti7in&, PCM, %udio Com$ression, 'is-8ased

#ecordin&, #otary 9ead 'i&ital #ecorders, 'i&ital %udio 8roadcastin&, 'i&ital Filterin&,

Stereo$hony and Multi-channel Sound.

4. %udio 'e!ices and %$$lications:

Micro$hone Sensiti!ity, ature of #es$onse and 'irectional Characteristics, Measurement

Micro$hones, +arious Ty$es of Micro$hones, +arious Ty$es of ouds$eaers, Characteristic

)m$edance of oud S$eaers, 9ead$hone Ty$es, The (asics of Ma&netic #ecordin&, Sound

Cards, Sound Miers, P% Systems )nstallations, 'i&ital Consoles.

;. )ntroduction to +ideo Si&nals:

+ideo si&nal dimensions, 9ori7ontal sync com$osition, +ertical sync details, Function of

!ertical $ulse train, Scannin& se"uence details, eometric form and as$ect ratio, )ma&e

continuity, o. of scannin& lines, )nterlaced scannin&, #esolution, 8ri&htness, Contrast, Picture

Transmission, T+ transmitter, T+ recei!er, Synchroni7ation, #ecei!er controls. Perce$tion of

(ri&htness and color, %dditi!e and su(tracti!e color miin&, +ideo si&nals for color

transmission, uminance si&nal <=>, Com$ati(ility, Color-difference si&nals, encodin& of color

difference si&nals, Formation of chrominance si&nal



?. Tele!ision Si&nal Transmission Pro$a&ation :

Picture Si&nal transmission, Positi!e and ne&ati!e modulation, +esti&ial side(and

transmission, Standard channel 8@, Tele!ision transmitter, T+ Si&nal $ro$a&ation,

)nterference suffered (y T+ channels. T+ (roadcast channels for terrestrial transmission.

A. Tele!ision #ecei!er :

#F Tuner, )F Su(system, +ideo am$lifier, Sound section, Sync se$aration and $rocessin&,

'eflection circuits, Scannin& Currents in the yoe, 'C $o*er su$$lies. Electronic tuners, )F

Su(system, = Si&nal channel, Chroma decoder, Se$aration of and + color $hasors,

Synchronous demodulators, Su( carrier &eneration and control, Matriin& for dri!e circuits.

#ecei!er Ser!icin&, +ideo $attern &enerator, S*ee$ Marer &enerator, Color T+ Pattern

enerator, +ectrosco$e.

B. 'i&ital +ideo Standards :

'i&iti7in& +ideo, Chroma Su(-sam$lin&, 8asics of +ideo Com$ression <MPE-, 9.2?>, 'i&ital

+T#, on-inear Editin&, 4:5 +s 1?: for 'i&ital +ideo.

. %d!ances in T+ Technolo&y :

9'T+, 'is$lay Technolo&ies <C#T, C', Plasma, E', ProDection>, +ideo )nterfaces <Com$osite,

Com$onent, S-+ideo, '+, S'),9'M), '+)>,

10. Tele!ision Systems and Standards :

TSC Color System, P% Color System, French Color T+ System, %TSC, )S'8-T 'TM8,/!er!ie* of '+8-T, '+8-S, '+8-C '+8-)P, '+8-9, Ca(le Tele!ision et*or

Te#t $oo%s

1. %udio +ideo Systems Princi$les Practices and Trou(leshootin& (y 8ali 8ali <hanna

Pu(lishin& Com$any>

2. %udio En&ineerin&, no* it all series <e*nes Press> )S8 AB-1-B;?1A-;2?-;G

&e'erence $oo%s

1. Modern Tele!ision Practice (y #.#. ulati

2. %udio +ideo Systems (y #.. u$ta <Technical Education>

5. Essential uide to 'i&ital +ideo (y Hohn @atinson <Snell @ilco )nc Pu(lication>

4. uide To Com$ression 8y Hohn @atinson <Snell @ilco )nc Pu(lication>



Subject Code 161003

Subject Name Antenna and Wave Propagation

Teaching Scheme

(Hour!

" T P

4 0 2

Coure

1. Basic antenna concepts:

Definition and functions of an antenna, comparison between an antenna & transmission line,

radio communication link with transmitting antenna and a receiing antenna, radiation

patterns of antennas!field and power patterns, all antenna t"pes.

2. #adiation of $lectric dipole:

%otential functions and the electromagnetic field, scillating electric dipole!deriations for $

and ' field components in spherical coordinate s"stems, %ower #adiated b" a currentelement, (pplication to antennas, #adiation from )uarter wae monopole and half wae

dipoles, Deriation for radiation resistance, application of reciprocit" theorem to antennas,

e)ualit" of directional patterns and effectie lengths of transmitting and receiing antennas,

directional properties of dipole antennas, antenna feeding methods.

*. (ntenna parameters and definitions:

beam area, beam width! 'alf!%ower Beam width +'%B- and irst /ull Beam width+/B- ,

%olariation, #adiation ntensit" ,Beam $fficienc", Directiit" and directie gain, radiation

resistance, radiation efficienc", resolution, (ntenna aperture!ph"sical and effectie apertures,effectie height, transmission formula, antenna field ones, ransmission loss as a function of

fre)uenc", (ntenna temperature and signal to noise ratio.

4. (rra"s of point sources :

$3pression for electric fields from two, three and / element arra"s! linear arra"s: Broad!side

arra" and $nd!ire arra"! ethod of pattern multiplication! Binomial arra"!'oriontal and

5ertical (ntennas aboe the ground plane, $ffect of ground on ungrounded antenna,

6chelkunoff theorems for linear arra"s, Dolph!cheb"sheff distribution for linear arra"s.

7. 8oop (ntenna:

6mall loop short magnetic dipole, comparison of far field of small loop and short dipole loop

antennas, field pattern of circular loop antenna & radiation resistance of loop antenna,

directiit" of circular loop antennas with uniform current.

9. 'elical antenna:

'elical geometr", transmission radiation modes, practical design considerations, wide band

characteristics of helical antenna.

. (rra"s of dipoles & apertures:hree element dipole (rra" with parasitic elements, ;agi!uda arra"!function and its design,



%hased arra"s, fre)uenc" scanning arra"s, smart antennas, long wire antennas, location

methods of feeding antennas, folded dipole antennas, matching arrangements.

<. #eflector antennas:

%arabolic reflector, paraboloid reflector, aperture %attern of large circular apertures withuniform illumination, off a3is operation of paraboloid reflectors, =assegrain feed s"stem.

>. 6lot patch & 'orn antennas:

6lot antenna, its pattern, Babinet?s principle and complementar" antennas, impedance of slot

antennas, and horn antenna!function and t"pes.

10. icrostrip + patch- antennas :

#ectangular & circular t"pes!function, features anal"sis, design considerations & applications

11. 8ens antennas:

/onmetallic Dielectric lens and artificial dielectric lens antennas, reflector lens antennas.

12. Broadband & re). ndependent antennas:

Broadband antenna, re)uenc" independent antenna, log periodic antennas.

1*. (ntennas for special applications:

(ntennas design consideration for satellite communication, antenna for terrestrial mobile

communication s"stems, @%#, $mbedded antennas, AB, %lasma antenna.

14. (ntennas measurements:

$3perimental set ups for easurement of radiation patterns, gain, phase polariation,

terminal impedance.

17. #adio wae propagation:

odes of propagation, @round ae %ropagation, 6tructure of troposphere and ionosphere,

=haracteristic of ionospheric la"ers, 6k" wae propagation, Definitions for 5irtual height, A

and 6kip distance, , ading, ionospheric absorptions, ulti!hop propagation, 6pace wae

propagation and 6uper refraction.

Te#t $oo%

1. (ntennas for all applications b" . D. Crauss +' %ublication- *rd

$ditionE

2. $lectromagnetic wae & radiating s"stems b" ordan & Balmain +%' %ublication-

*. (ntenna & ae %ropagation b" C. D. %rasad +6at"aprakash %ublications-

&e'erence $oo%

1. (ntenna heor": (nal"sis and design b" =. Balanis +ile" ndia-

2. (ntenna and wae propagation B" @.6./. #aFu, +%earson $ducation-



Subject Code 161004

Subject Name VLSI Technology and Design

Teaching Scheme

(ou!s"

L T #

4 0 2

Cou!se

1. Introduction:

Overview of VLSI design methodology, VLSI design flow, nd !esign hierrchy, "once#t of

regulrity, $odulrity, nd Loclity, VLSI design style, !esign %ulity, #c&ge technology nd

com#uter ided design technology.

2. '(riction of $OS')* :

Introduction, '(riction +rocess flow: sic ste#s, "-$OS n-ell +rocess, Lyout !esignrules, full custom ms& lyout design.

/. $OS *rnsistor:

*he $etl Oide Semiconductor $OS structure, *he $OS System under eternl (is,

Structure nd O#ertion of $OS trnsistor, $OS')* "urrent-Voltge chrcteristics, $OS')*

scling nd smll-geometry effects, $OS')* c#citnces.

4. $OS Inverters: Sttic "hrcteristics:

Introduction, 3esistive lod Inverter, Inverter with n-ty#e $OS')* lod )nhncement nd!e#letion ty#e $OS')* lod, "$OS Inverter

. $OS Inverters Switching chrcteristics nd Interconnect )ffects :

Introduction, !ely-time definitions, "lcultion of !ely times, Inverter design with dely

constrints, )stimtion of Interconnect +rsitic, "lcultion of interconnect dely, Switching

+ower !issi#tion of "$OS Inverters

5. "om(intionl $OS Logic "ircuits:

Introduction, $OS logic circuits with !e#letion 6$OS Lods, "$OS logic circuits, "om#le

logic circuits, "$OS *rnsmission 7tes *7s.

8. Se%uentil $OS Logic "ircuits :

Introduction, ehvior of i-st(le elements, *he S3 ltch circuit, "loc&ed ltch nd 'li#-flo#

circuit, "$OS !-ltch nd )dge-triggered fli#-flo#.

9. !ynmic Logic "ircuits :

Introduction, sic +rinci#les of #ss trnsistor circuits, Voltge ootstr##ing, Synchronous

!ynmic "ircuit *echni%ues, "$OS !ynmic "ircuit *echni%ues, igh-#erformnce !ynmic

"$OS circuits.



;. "hi# I<+ nd O<+ "ircuits :

On chi# "loc& 7enertion nd !istri(ution, Ltch =># nd its +revention

10. !esign for test(ility :Introduction, 'ult ty#es nd models, "ontroll(ility nd o(serv(ility, ?d oc *est(le design

techni%ues, Scn =(sed techni%ues, (uilt-in Self *est IS* techni%ues, current monitoring

I!!@ test.

11. Introduction to +rogrmm(le Logic !evices:

'+7? nd "+L!

Te$t %oo&s

1. "$OS !igitl Integrted circuits = ?nlysis nd !esign (y Sung $o Ang, Busuf Le(le(ici,

*?*? $c7rw-ill +u(liction /rd

)ditionC

'ee!ence %oo&s)

1. sic VLSI !esign (y +uc&nell nd )shrghin +I +u(liction D/rd

)ditionC

2. Introduction to VLSI Systems (y $ed ". nd "onwy ?ddison esley

/. Introduction to VLSI "ircuits E Systems (y Fohn +. >yemur

4. 'undmentls of !igitl Logic !esign with V!L (y rown nd Vrnesic



Subject Code 161005

Subject Name Optical Communication

Teaching Scheme

(Hours)

T !

4 0 2

Course

1. Overview of Optical fiber Communications :

Electromagnetic spectrum, Optical Spectral bands, Evolution of fiber optic sstem,

!ultiple"ing #ec$ni%ues, Elements of an optical fiber transmission lin& wit$ t$e functional

description of eac$ bloc&, '(! concepts, transmission widows, advantages of optical fiber

lin& over conventional copper sstems, applications of fiber optic transmission sstems.

2. Optical fibers : Structures, 'ave guiding and )abrication:Optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations, !ode t$eor, Step *nde"

and +raded *nde" +*- fibers, single mode and graded inde" fibers, (erivation for numerical

aperture, number and modes supported b step inde" fiber, mode field, /umerical aperture

and modes supported b +* fibers, fiber materials, linearl olaried modes fiber fabrication

tec$ni%ues, and mec$anical properties of fibers, fiber optic cables.

. Signal (egradation in Optical )ibers :

3ttenuation, signal distortion in optical waveguides, pulse broadening in graded inde" fiber,

C$aracteristics of Single !ode )ibers, mode coupling, *nternational Standards for opticaltransmission fibers.

4. Optical Sources :

Semiconductor $sics bac&ground, ig$t emitting diode E(s-5structures, materials, )igure

of merits, c$aracteristics 6 !odulation. aser (iodes 5!odes 6 t$res$old conditions, (iode

7ate e%uations, resonant fre%uencies, structures, c$aracteristics and figure of merits, single

mode lasers, !odulation of laser diodes, Spectral widt$, temperature effects, and ig$t source

linearit.

8. ower aunc$ing and Coupling :

Source to fiber power launc$ing, ensing sc$emes, fiber5to5fiber 9oints, E( coupling to single

mode fibers, fiber splicing, Optical fiber connectors.

. $otodetectors :

rinciples of operation, tpes, c$aracteristics, figure of merits of detectors p$otodiode

materials, p$otodetector noise, detector response time, temperature effects on gain,

comparison of p$otodetectors.

;. Optical 7eceiver Operation :7eceiver operation, reamplifier tpes, receiver performance and sensitivit, Ee diagrams,



Co$erent detection, Specification of receivers.

<. #ransmission Sstems :

oint5to5point lin& = sstem considerations, in& power budget and rise time budget met$ods

for design of optical lin&, >E7 calculation.

?. Optical 3mplifiers :

Semiconductor optical 3mplifier, E()3, 7aman 3mplifier, 'ideband Optical 3mplifiers

10. 3dvances in Optical )iber Sstems :

rinciples of '(!, ('(!, #elecommunications 6 broadband application, SO/E#@S(A, !B,

3nalog 6 (igital broadband, optical switc$ing.

11. Overview of Optical Components :

Optical couplers, #unable sources and )ilters ,optical !B@(E!B, 3rraed waveguide

grating, optical add drop multiple"er O3(!-, optical cirulators, attenuators, optical cross

connects, wavelengt$ converter, !ac$5Dender *nterferometer.

12. )iber Optical !easurements :

#est E%uipments, O#(7 , Set ups for !easurement of 3ttenuation, (ispersion, /3 and EE

pattern.

Te"t #oo$s

1. Optical )iber Communications b +erd Feiser !c+raw Aill ublication- G4t$

EditionH

%e&erence #oo$s

1. Optical )iber Communication b Io$n !. Senior A*@earson ublication-

2. )iber optical communication #ec$nolog b (9afar !mbaev 6 owell , Sc$einer earson

ublication-

. )iber optic Communication Sstems b +. 3grawal Io$n 'ile and sons ublication-

gtu be ec 6th sem syllabus teaching scheme

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