guangliang liu, yong cai, ping jiang, wenbin cui · geer 2015, apr 21-23, 2015, 7 coral springs,...
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Guangliang Liu, Yong Cai, Ping Jiang, Wenbin CuiFlorida International University
Peter Kalla, Daniel ScheidtUS EPA Region 4
GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
1
GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
2
Hg contamination in the Everglades
Hg
GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
3
Mercury Cycling in the Florida Everglades
Ecosystem-wide Study
Simplified Model
4GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
Water
Floc Periphyton
Soil
Macrophyte
Fish
Hg Mass Storage
Hg Distribution
Probability Sampling Design
Regional Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (R-EMAP)
Phase III:2005
Phase IV:2013-2014
Ecosystem-wide Sampling
-81 -80.8 -80.6 -80.4Longitude, decimal degrees
25.4
25.6
25.8
26
26.2
26.4
26.6
Latit
ude,
dec
imal
deg
rees
WC
A 3
WCA 2
WCA 1
EN
P
5GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
(Scheidt and Kalla, 2007; Stober et al. 2001)
Hg Mass Storage Calculations
6
1
1 10)1(
A
BDdC
M n
i i
n
i i
iSDiSDiTHgSD
THgSD
Soil:
THg mass
THgconcentration Soil mass
Inclusion probability
6GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
Horvitz-Thompson Theorem
(Horvitz and Thompson 1952; Stober et al. 2001; Liu et al., 2011)
3
1
1 10)1(
A
dC
M n
i i
n
i i
iSWiTHgSW
THgSW
6
1
1 10)1(
A
BDdC
M n
i i
n
i i
iFCiFCiTHgFC
THgFC
A
BMC
M n
i i
n
i i
iPEiTHgPE
THgPE
1
1
)1(
A
BMWC
M n
i i
n
i i
iFSiFSiTHgFS
THgFS
1
1
)1(
Water:
Floc:
Periphyton:
Fish:
A
BMC
M n
i i
n
i i
iPEiTHgPE
THgPE
1
1
)1(
Macrophyte:
7GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
Hg Mass Storage Calculations
EPA Everglades R-EMAP USGS ACME SFWMD DBHRDRO Others
Databases
8GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
(Gaff et al., 2004; Gaiser, 2008; Gilmour et al., 2006; McCormick et al., 1998)
(Liu et al., 2011)
THg (kg)
MeHg (kg)
Hg mass storage in the Everglades
GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
9
2005
THg (kg)
MeHg (kg)
Hg mass storage in the Everglades
GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
10
2014
Hg distribution in ecosystem components
2005
11GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
92.4
0.07
6.52
0.30
0.01
0.67
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte67.5
1.1
19.0
4.2
1.8
6.3
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte
THg (%)
MeHg (%)
Hg distribution in ecosystem components
2014
12GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
THg (%)
MeHg (%)
88.3
0.04
10.8
0.25
0.01
0.69
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte 66.0
0.2
28.5
2.1
0.4
2.8
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte
Hg distribution in ecosystem components
Spatial differences
13GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
MeHg (%)
MeHg (%)
74.7
1.2
16.8
1.6
0.6
5.2
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte 65.4
0.1
30.2
3.0
0.2
1.0
Soil
Water
Floc
Periphyton
Fish
Macrophyte
WCA2
ENP
Summary
THg mass: Soil (and floc)
MeHg mass: Soil, floc, macrophyte, and periphyton
Hg storage: More complete mass budget of Hg;Hg distribution: Implication on Hg cycling and accumulation
14GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA
Acknowledgements
EPA Office of Research and Development EPA Region 4 National Park Service Army Corps of Engineers Florida Department of Environmental
Protection
15GEER 2015, Apr 21-23, 2015, Coral Springs, FL,USA