guide 2 shambala german

8/14/2019 Guide 2 Shambala German

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THE JOURN L

OF THE INTERN TION L SSOCI TION OFBUDDHIST STUDIES

E D I T O R I N C H I E F

A . K. NarainUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison, USA

E D I T O R SL. M. Joshi

Punjabi UniversityPatiala, India

Alexander W. MacdonaldUniversite de Paris X

Nanterre, FranceBardwell SmithCarleton College

Northjield Minnesota, USA

Ernst SteinkellnerUniversity of Vienna

Wien, AustriaJikido Takasaki

University of TokyoTokyo,Japan

Robert ThurmanA mherst College

mherst Massachusetts, USA

A S S I S T A N T E D I T O RRoger Jackson

Volume 5 1982 Number 2


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C O N T E N T S

I . AR T IC L E S1. Early B ud dh ism an d the U rba n Revo lut ion, by Bal-

k r i shna Govind Go kha le 72 . P i lg r image and the S t ru c tu re of S inha lese Bu dd hism , by

Jo h n C. Holt 233. A Ne w Ap p ro a c h to t h e In t r a -M a d h y a m ik a C o n f ro n ta t io n

over the Sva tantr ika and Prasahgika M etho ds of Refuta t ion , by Shohe i Ich im ura 41

4. ' La t e r M adh yam ika ' in Ch ina : Som e C ur re n t Perspec t iveson the History of Chinese Prajndpdramitd Thought , byA aro n K. Koseki 53

5. T h e Do c t r in e o f t h e B u d d h a -N a tu re in t h e Ma h a y a n a Ma-hdparinirvdna Sutra by M ing-W ood Liu 63

6 . T he De ve lopm ent of La ngu age in Bh uta n , by Lop onNa d o 9 5

7. Pro leg om en a to an English Transla t ion of the Sutrasamuc-caya, by Bh ikku Pasa dika 101

8. T he Issue of the B ud dh a as Vedagu, with Reference to theFormat ion o f the Dhamma and the Dialectic with theBra hm ins , by K athe r ine K. Y oun g 110

I I . B O O K R E V I E W S A N D N O T I C E S1. Focus on Buddhism. A Guide to A udio-Visual esourcesfor Teach

ing Religion, ed i ted by Rober t A. McDermot t ; and Spiritual Discipline in Hinduism, Buddhism, and the West, byH arr y M. Buck 121


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2 . Fundam entals of Tibetan Medicine, ed. and t r . by T.J . Tsarong,e ta l . 124

3. Pratityasamutpadastutisubhds.itahrdayam of A carya Tsong kha pa,t r . by Gyal t sen Na md ol and Ng aw ang Sam ten 127

4. Repertoire du Canon Bouddhique Sirw-Japonais, Edition de Tai-sho.Fascicule A nnex du H obogirin, compi led by Paul De-mivil le , H ub er t D ur t , an d A nn a Seidel 128

5. Three Worlds A ccording to King Ruang: Thai Buddhist Cosm ology,t r . by Fra nk E. Rey nolds an d Mani B. Reyn olds 132

6. The Way to Shambh ala, by Edwin Be rnb aum 133

I I I . N O T E S A N D N E W S1. Co m put i n g and Bud dh i s t S t ud ies 1362. T er m s of Sanskr i t an d Pali O r igin Acce ptable as Engl ish

Words 1373. A Re po r t on an Ed uca t ional Television/Fi lm Ser ies on 'Ti

be tan Bu dd hi sm 1384. Pro pos al for an In de x of Pub licat ions in Bu dd hist Stud ies 1415. 6th Co nfe ren ce of the Inte rna t ion al Association of Bud dh is tStudies 143

I V . O B I T U A R YIsal ine Blew H o rn er (18 96 -19 81 ) 145Cont r ibutor s 150

Cont r i bu t o r s 150


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tent of the Trm Phum Phra Ruang are then descr ibed in somedetail . Finally, the authors present a history of the text. Herethey discuss briefly the difficulties involved in translating a workof this type, and the reasons which led them to adopt theirtrans latio n strateg ies, with m ax im um clar ity , readabili ty andgen eral usefulne ss of the English text as the goal. T hi s goal hascer ta in ly been achieved .The text i tself reads easily and naturally , as does the exp lanato ry mater ia l that has been p rovid ed . The in tro duc t ion isalways informative and clear , and care is taken to explain eachterm that might be unfamil iar to the general reader . This is t ruethroughout the t rans la t ion as wel l , in which extensive footnotesare used in a variety of ways. They are used, for example, toclar ify references, to point out passages in which the Trai PhumPhra Ruang differs significantly from the old er sourc e mate rialused by the royal author of the sermon, and to clar ify and comment on sections in which the manuscripts have conflicting readings . Usefu l char ts and d iagrams are a lso provided , and a g lossary of selected terms gives the original wording on which theEnglish version is based. For each glossary entry the source langu ag e of th e original t er m , Pali , Sansk rit or Thai, is also given.Along with the quali ty of the translation, and of the accompanying explanatory mater ia l , the volume also has beaut i fu l i l lustrations to recommend it . Ten color i l lustrations from a reproduct ion of the manuscr ip t commiss ioned in the 18th centuryby King Tak s in o f T ho nb ur i a re inc luded here , as a re th re ecolor i l lus t ra t ions pa in te d by T ha w an D ach ane e, a m od ern Thaiar t is t who works on Buddhis t themes.

Robert J . Bickner

The Way to Shambhala, by Edwin Bernbaum. Garden C i ty , NewYo rk: An ch or P ress/D oub leda y, 1980. xv 4- 31(5 page s. Ma p,f igures, plates, glossary, bibliography, index. $6.95 (paper) .Mr . B ern ba um has acco mp lished a major feat in pro du cin gth is in teres t ing and r ich ly informative volume; he has broughtconsiderable c lar i ty to the much obscured issue of Shambhalaand Buddhis t eschato logy, combining wide scholar ly researchwith extensive reportage f rom l iv ing inform ants , includ ing anumber of d is t inguished lamas of a l l the major schools , and he


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has done th is wi thin the engaging context of a personal journey,giving the book a popular appeal that is rare in this f ield.The more popular , and personal , sec t ions of the book arethe Fi rs t three chapters , where in Bernbaum int roduces the vi s ion of Sh am bh ala , th e hi dd en la nd vivid in Asian folklore(and und er ly in g the Shangr i - l a of J am es Hi l ton 's Lost Horizon,which has become par t of modern folklore) ; in t roduces the various cosmologies in use in various segments of Buddhist c ivi l izat ion wi thin which the Sham bha la m yth is loca ted; and in t ro duc eshims lf as a mounta in-c l imber , th inker , scholar , and seeker ofShambhala . These chapters a re fac tua l ly prec ise , widely resea rch ed , an d clearly an d s incerely w rit ten , effectively posin gthe problem of Shambhala and re la t ing i t to la rger i ssues . Thenex t chap te r , T he Un der ly ing Myth , exp lores wor ld fo lk lorefor para l le ls to the Shambhala myth, comes up wi th a grea tprofus ion of such m yths , an d extrac ts f rom th em th re e gen era lthem es com m on to mos t , those o f a h id den sanc tua ry , ques to r jou rne y , and go lden age to com e . T h en , the chap te rW heel of T im e pre sen ts som e basic doc tr ines of the KdlacakraTantra in a clear, i f s implified, manner. In fact , of the manychapters one can f ind in the popular l i te ra ture on Tibet or onBuddhism, where an author pauses to g ive a genera l account ofT an tri sm , this is o n e of the very few th at is solid, c lear, a ndinformat ive , wi thou t p re tend ing to do more than in t roduce th i svery complex subject .

In cha p te r s ix , Th e In ne r King dom , the au tho r seems tobe on the r ight t rack in re la t ing the e ight-pe ta l led s t ruc ture ofthe mythica l land to the e ight-pe ta l led hear t -p lexus (cakra) ofthe tant r ic subt le neuro logy . This ch ap ter i s a good e xam ple ofthe outs tanding way in which the author combines textua l re search wi th fa i thful recording of ora l t radi t ion informat ion provided by learned lama informants . Chapters seven and e ight ,Th e Jo ur ne y and T he Gu ideboo ks , p resen t an ove rv iew ofthe l i te ra ture a nd lo re on var iou s jo ur ne ys to Sh am bha la . Firstthe re is an ora l acc ou nt of a dr ea m by a l iving lama of the rN yin gma t radi t ion, remarkable for i t s v ividness and beauty . Then,Bernbaum translates (freely but quite rel iably) the bsTan-'gyurg u i d e b o o k , Ka la par 'jug pa, ( Way to Kalapa ) , and an accountby the 16 th cen tury T ibe tan Pr ince , R inpung Ngawang J igdag ,including al l the essential port ions. Since the most famous guidebook, tha t of the Third Panchen Lama, Lobsang PaldenYeshe , is m uc h long er , the au th or u nd ers ta nd abl y did not include it , as specialists who do not know Tibetan can consult134


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G runw edel ' s Ge rm an t r ans l a t ion , pub l i shed in 1915 . We maype rha ps expec t Be rn ba um in the fu tu re to provid e us wi th anup da te d Eng li sh ver s ion in a subseq uen t m on og rap h . Then in th , In ne r Jo u r ne y cha p te r dep ar t s somew hat f rom th isp rocedure , and ven tu res in to the au tho r ' s own psycho log ica lanalys is of the journe ys in the guid eboo ks. I t is thus p er ha ps themost labored, least successful sect ion, though fortunately not toolong . T h e ten th ch ap ter , In ne r Proph ecy , g ives a lively accoun t o f the Bu ddh i s t A rm ag ed do n , com bined wi th m ore psy chological analysis.T h e last ch ap ter , Be yon d Sha m bha la , is a br ief bu t moving plea for us to f ind inspirat ion in the myth of Shambhala, aspro vid ing one key to o u r discovery of the inn er side of themyth of p rog ress . Th i s , B ern ba um argu es per suas ive ly, is des perate ly ne ed ed to balance the mater ia li s tic myth of pro gres sthat is d r iv in g hum an i ty to w ards ex t inct ion . In this s t i r r ing conclusion, he presents a clear vision of Shambhala as one of thepowerfu l symbols of the k ing dom of en ds towa rds which huma ns s t rugg le . . . . As we becom e awa re o f the sacred na tu re ofal l that surrounds us, we cease to see people and things as objectsto be abused and explo i ted . We come, ins tead , to cher ish themfor what they areand to t reat them wi th the u tmost care andrespectAgain, we may look forward, on the basis of this groundb reak ing accoun t o f the Buddh i s t eschaton, to fu rth er inquiryin to the impor tan t quest ion of the Buddhis t a t t i tude towardhis tory , t ime, and the Buddhis t response to the d ispar i ty between rel igious and social real i t ies. In the meantime, Mr. Bernbau m is to be hear t i ly co ng ratu la te d .

Ro b e r t A . F . T h u r m an

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