Guide to Writing EssaysGuide to Writing EssaysCordell – English II

RequirementsRequirements

FIVE (5) PARAGRAPHS: Introduction, 3 Body, Conclusion

Schaffer MethodThesis StatementTextual Evidence

TURN THINGS IN ON TIME!Typed, double-spaced, MLA format

Shaffer MethodShaffer Method

Shaffer Method:◦Topic Sentence/Claim (relates to thesis)◦Concrete Detail (Evidence/Example)◦Commentary (Analysis)◦Concluding Sentence (Recap/ Summary)

Each body paragraph should be about ¾ to a full page in length

Creating the Thesis StatementCreating the Thesis Statement

Two parts: 1.Interpretive claim2.Roadmap sentence

*we will discuss this in depth next week

But first you need a topic!But first you need a topic!

Topic: what you’re writing about, not “The Crucible” but instead a concept or idea exemplified in the text

What insights into human nature are most evident to you?

Which insights interest you the most?

WRITE DOWN TEN (10) TOPICS!

Exploring the TopicsExploring the Topics

Question your choices (are some topics just baloney to get through this exercise?)

Let’s take an example from the class to explore:◦Is topic workable?◦Give examples from play (characters or scenes)◦Give evidence from characters or scene

BRAINSTORM TOPICBRAINSTORM TOPIC

For HOMEWORK:Choose two of your topicsWith EACH topic you are to create five

LEVEL II questions. Think of discussion questions you might ask in a fishbowl to help further understanding. ANSWER THEM.

We will use these questions to guide our thesis statements.

THESIS STATEMENTSTHESIS STATEMENTS

tells the reader how you will interpret the significance of the subject matter under discussion.

is a road map for the paper; in other words, it tells the reader what to expect from the rest of the paper.

THESIS STATEMENTSTHESIS STATEMENTS

directly answers the question asked of you. A thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself. The subject, or topic, of an essay might be World War II or Moby Dick; a thesis must then offer a way to understand the war or the novel.

THESIS STATEMENTSTHESIS STATEMENTS

makes a claim that others might dispute.is usually a single sentence (max 2

sentences) at the end of your introductory paragraph that presents your argument to the reader. The rest of the paper, the body of the essay, gathers and organizes evidence that will persuade the reader of the logic of your interpretation.

EXAMPLE THESISEXAMPLE THESIS

Arthur Miller reveals that humans are strong enough to fight against evil and maintain their morals even in the worst of times, as evidenced by John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and Giles Corey.

FORMALITYFORMALITY

NO first or second person◦(I, you, we, our, us, etc.)

NO contractions ◦(can’t, don’t, won’t, etc.)

AVOID slang, clichés, colloquialisms◦(awesome, flip out)◦(absence makes the heart grow fonder) ◦(What’s up? vs. How are you?)

Use upper-level vocabularyDO NOT CHANGE QUOTES!!

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS – your – your final final impressionimpression

Restate the main idea of your essay, or your thesis statement (do NOT simply copy and paste)

Summarize the three subpoints of your essay

Leave the reader with an interesting final impression

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

No new information is presented in this paragraph. Instead, the writer sums up what has been written so far and leaves the reader with a last thought.

Example ConclusionExample Conclusion

During troublesome and stressful trials in life, many individuals fold under the pressure and forego certain values or morals to survive. The Crucible offers evidence of the strength of the human spirit through certain characters. John Proctor, Rebecca Nurse and Giles Corey all stand strong in the face of difficulty and torment. None of these characters relinquish their values or morals and succumb; each stays true to himself or herself. Every life encounters storms, but what makes someone strong is how he weathers that storm and remains faithful to his own ideology.