guidelines for good indoor air quality1

7/25/2019 Guidelines for Good Indoor Air Quality1

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GUIDELINES FOR GOOD

INDOOR AIR QUALITYIN OFFICE PREMISES


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First edition, October 1!

Institute of Environmental EpidemiologyMinistry of the Environment40 Scotts Road #22-00Singapore 2282!Te"#$!%&'(1'%) F*+#$!%&'()-'E./*i"#en0e2cs34o03s4

No 5*rt o6 t7is boo8 /*9 be re5rod:ced in *n9 6or/ ;it7o:t t7e;ritten 5er/ission o6 t7e Instit:te o6 En0iron/ent*" E5ide/io"o49,

Ministr9 o6 t7e En0iron/ent3


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"$%E$%S

Introd:ction %

Me/bers o6 t7e Tec7nic*" Ad0isor9 Co//ittee on IndoorAir Q:*"it9 !

PART I# PRELIMINARY '

13 P:r5ose -3 Sco5e *nd *55"ic*tion (3 G"oss*r9 1ING INDOOR AIR QUALITY 1

'3 Desi4n -1

3 Constr:ction --3 Co//issionin4 *nd o5er*tion -(1


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I$%R&'"%I$

T7e indoor *ir :*"it9 o6 *ir.conditioned o66ices is * s:b?ect o65:b"ic 7e*"t7 i/5ort*nce bec*:se ;e s5end * s:bst*nti*" */o:nt o6ti/e in t7ese 5re/ises3 Good indoor *ir :*"it9 c*n "e*d toi/5ro0ed 5rod:cti0it9 *t t7e ;or85"*ce3 On t7e ot7er 7*nd, 5oorindoor *ir :*"it9 ;i"" c*:se 5rod:cti0it9 to dro5 bec*:se o6 co/6ort5rob"e/s, i"" 7e*"t7 *nd sic8ness.*bsenteeis/3

O:r cit9@s tro5ic*" c"i/*te, 7i47"9 b:i"t en0iron/ent, *ndener49 conser0*tion re:ire/ents 5ose s5eci*" constr*ints *ndc7*""en4es to t7e b:i"din4 ind:str9 in ens:rin4 t7*t indoor *ir :*"it9re/*ins *cce5t*b"e3 In 1%, /9 Ministr9 *55ointed * Tec7nic*"Ad0isor9 Co//ittee on Indoor Air Q:*"it9 co/5risin4 /e/bers6ro/ bot7 5ri0*te *nd 5:b"ic sectors to *d0ise on t7e 4:ide"ines 6or4ood *ir :*"it93 T7is doc:/ent re5resents * 0er9 i/5ort*nt 6irstste5 to;*rds interdisci5"in*r9 consens:s on t7e iss:e o6 indoor *ir:*"it93

T7e ob?ecti0e o6 t7is doc:/ent is to 5ro0ide 4ener*" 4:id*nceon i/5ro0in4 t7e indoor *ir :*"it9 o6 *ir.conditioned o66ice 5re/ises*nd *cce5t*b"e 0*":es 6or se"ected 5*r*/eters3 It *"so 5ro0idesin6or/*tion on t7e 5otenti*" 7e*"t7 e66ects o6 indoor cont*/in*nts,

*nd *n *ction 5"*n to *c7ie0e 4ood indoor *ir :*"it93 T7e contents*re intended to co/5"e/ent t7e en4ineerin4 s5eci6ic*tions set o:tin t7e Sin4*5ore St*nd*rd Code o6 Pr*ctice 6or Mec7*nic*">enti"*tion *nd Air.conditionin4 in =:i"din4s $SS CP1(&, *nd s7o:"dbe :se6:" to b:i"din4 o;ners/*n*4e/ent cor5or*tions, t7osein0o"0ed in ser0icin4 t7e 0enti"*tion *nd *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/s,*nd *"" ot7ers res5onsib"e 6or desi4nin4, o5er*tin4 *nd /*int*inin4t7e b:i"din4 en0iron/ent3 As rese*rc7 contin:es, */end/ents /*9be /*de 6ro/ ti/e to ti/e in s:bse:ent editions3

COMMISSIONER OF PU=LIC BEALTBMINISTRY OF TBE EN>IRONMENTSINGAPORE


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MEM(ERS ) %*E %E"*$I"+, +&ISR."MMI%%EE $ I$&R +IR /'+,I%.

Dr Go7 ee T*i . Instit:te o6 En0iron/ent*" E5ide/io"o49

Ministr9 o6 t7e En0iron/ent $C7*ir/*n&

Mr Geor4e Se . P:b"ic or8s De5*rt/ent Ministr9 o6 N*tion*" De0e"o5/ent

Dr i//9 Sn4 . De5*rt/ent o6 P*t7o"o49 Sin4*5ore Gener*" Bos5it*"

APro6 =on4 Tet Yin . Sin4*5ore Associ*tion o6 ASBRAE Me/bers

Mr T*n C7ee C7:*n . Instit:tion o6 En4ineers Sin4*5ore

Mr Lee M:n Boe . Sin4*5ore Instit:te o6 Arc7itects

Mr On4 T7i*/ B:*t . Sin4*5ore Contr*ctors Associ*tion

APro6 Foo S;ee C7en4 . De5*rt/ent o6 Co//:nit9, Occ:5*tion*" *nd F*/i"9 Medicine N*tion*" Uni0ersit9 o6 Sin4*5ore

Dr T7*/ ;o8 *i . Sc7oo" o6 =:i"din4 *nd Est*teM*n*4e/ent

N*tion*" Uni0ersit9 o6 Sin4*5ore

Dr *n4 G:*n4 Y: . Sin4*5ore Instit:te o6 St*nd*rds*nd

Ind:stri*" Rese*rc7 $:nti" 1! M*r !&

Dr Ooi Pen4 Li/ . Instit:te o6 En0iron/ent*" E5ide/io"o49 Ministr9 o6 t7e En0iron/ent

$Secret*r9&

A/eric*n Societ9 o6 Be*tin4, Re6ri4er*tin4 *nd Air.conditionin4 En4ineers


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GUIDELINES FOR GOODINDOOR AIR QUALITY

IN OFFICE PREMISESPART I

RE,IMI$+R.

13 P:r5ose

-3 Sco5e *nd *55"ic*tion

(3 G"oss*r9


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P*rt I

RE,IMI$+R.

1 urpose

131 T7e 5:r5ose o6 t7is doc:/ent is to 5ro0ide 4:ide"ines6or 4ood indoor *ir :*"it93

- Scope and application

-31 T7is doc:/ent *55"ies to *"" b:i"din4s, ne; *nde+istin4, ;7ic7 *re *ir.conditioned *nd :sed *s o66ice

5re/ises in Sin4*5ore3

-3- T7e indoor *ir :*"it9 5*r*/eters *ddressed *rec*rbon dio+ide, c*rbon /ono+ide, 6or/*"de79de,oone, 0o"*ti"e or4*nic c7e/ic*"s, tot*" b*cteri*"co:nts, tot*" 6:n4*" co:nts, s:s5ended 5*rtic:"*te/*tter, *ir te/5er*t:re, re"*ti0e 7:/idit9, *nd *ir/o0e/ent3

-3( G:ide"ine /*+i/:/ concentr*tions 6or *cce5t*b"eindoor *ir :*"it9 *re s5eci6ied 6or c*rbon dio+ide,c*rbon /ono+ide, 6or/*"de79de, *nd oone b*sed ont7eir 8no;n 7e*"t7 e66ects3

-3) Reco//ended /*+i/:/ concentr*tions 6or*cce5t*b"e indoor *ir :*"it9 *re s5eci6ied 6ors:s5ended 5*rtic:"*te /*tter, 0o"*ti"e or4*nicc7e/ic*"s, b*cteri* *nd 6:n4i b*sed on t7eir 5otenti*"7e*"t7 e66ects3

-3% =ec*:se 7:/*n 7e*"t7 *nd co/6ort *re co/5"e+

iss:es res5onsi0e to t7e inter*ction o6 /:"ti5"e 6*ctors,4:ide"ine *cce5t*b"e 0*":es *re s5eci6ied 6or indoor *irte/5er*t:re, re"*ti0e 7:/idit9, *nd *ir /o0e/ent3

( 1lossary


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(31 ACM> s9ste/ re6ers to t7e *ir.conditionin4 *nd/ec7*nic*" 0enti"*tion s9ste/ o6 t7e b:i"din43

(3- Acce5t*b"e indoor *ir :*"it9 re6ers to *ir in ;7ic7 t7ere

*re no 8no;n cont*/in*nts *t 7*r/6:" concentr*tions*s deter/ined b9 t7e 5:b"ic 7e*"t7 *:t7orities, *nd;it7 ;7ic7 * s:bst*nti*" /*?orit9 o6 t7e 5eo5"ee+5osed do not e+5ress diss*tis6*ction3

(3( Air.conditionin4 re6ers to t7e 5rocess o6 tre*tin4 *ir to/eet t7e re:ire/ents o6 * conditioned s5*ce b9contro""in4 its te/5er*t:re, 7:/idit9, c"e*n"iness *nddistrib:tion3

(3) Air te/5er*t:re re6ers to t7e dr9.b:"b te/5er*t:re o6t7e *ir s:rro:ndin4 t7e occ:5*nt3

(3% =:i"din4.re"*ted i""ness re6ers to *n9 i""ness ;7ic7occ:rs direct"9 *s * res:"t o6 7:/*n e+5os:re to *s5eci6ic 7e*"t7 7**rd 5resent in t7e b:i"din43

(3! Cont*/in*nt re6ers to *n :n;*nted *irborneconstit:ent t7*t /*9 red:ce *cce5t*bi"it9 o6 t7e indoor*ir :*"it93

(3' Indoor *ir re6ers to t7e *ir inside * b:i"din4, inc":din4*ir ;7ic7 is ;it7in * roo/ *nd *ir ;7ic7 is re/o0ed6ro/ * roo/ b9 /ec7*nic*" /e*ns3

(3 Occ:5ied one re6ers to t7e re4ion nor/*""9 occ:5iedb9 5ersons ;it7in * s5*ce, 4ener*""9 considered to bebet;een t7e 6"oor *nd 13 / *bo0e t7e 6"oor, *nd /oret7*n


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*nd ot7er s9/5to/s $inc":din4 7e*d*c7e *nd 6*ti4:e&re5orted b9 occ:5*nts in /odern o66ice b:i"din4s3

(311 S:s5ended 5*rtic:"*te /*tter re6ers to t7e /*ss o65*rtic"es s:s5ended in * :nit 0o":/e o6 *ir ;7en

co""ected b9 * 7i47 0o":/e *ir s*/5"er3

(31- >enti"*tion re6ers to t7e 5rocess o6 s:55"9in4 *ndre/o0in4 *ir b9 n*t:r*" or /ec7*nic*" /e*ns to *nd6ro/ *n9 s5*ce3 S:c7 *ir /*9 or /*9 not beconditioned3


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IN OFFICE PREMISESPART II

I&E$%I).I$1 I$&R +IR /'+,I%. R(,EMS

)3 Assess/ent o6 indoor *ir :*"it9 5rob"e/s

%3 Indoor *ir :*"it9 *nd 7e*"t7

!3 Action 5"*n to *c7ie0e 4ood indoor *ir :*"it9


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P*rt II

I&E$%I).I$1 I$&R +IR /'+,I%.R(,EMS

) +ssessment of indoor air uality pro3lems

)31 It s7o:"d be t7e res5onsibi"it9 o6 t7e o;ner o6 t7eb:i"din4 to#

$*& *ssess t7e ris8s to 7e*"t7 *risin4 6ro/ t7e indoor*ir :*"it9H

$b& set :5 * 5ro4r*//e to ens:re *cce5t*b"eindoor *ir :*"it9, i/5"e/ent t7e 5ro4r*//e,*nd /onitor t7e e66ecti0eness o6 t7e 5ro4r*//eH*nd

$c& 8ee5 records o6 *"" *cti0ities i/5"e/ented3

)3- T7e o;ner s7o:"d ens:re t7*t t7e b:i"din4 inc":si0e o6its inst*""*tions is desi4ned, constr:cted, o5er*ted *nd/*int*ined in s:c7 * ;*9 t7*t *cce5t*b"e indoor *ir:*"it9 is *c7ie0ed3

)3( T7ose en4*4ed b9 t7e b:i"din4 o;ner to c*rr9 o:t t7e*ssess/ent o6 *n9 indoor *ir :*"it9 5rob"e/s s7o:"dbe co/5etent 5ersons ;7o *re *de:*te"9 :*"i6ied*nd e+5erienced, *nd 5ro0ide s:5er0ision 6or t7e/*n*4e/ent o6 t7e indoor *ir :*"it9 5ro4r*//e3

% Indoor air uality and health


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%31 Good indoor *ir :*"it9 i/5ro0es 5rod:cti0it9 *t t7e;or85"*ce3 On t7e ot7er 7*nd, 5oor indoor *ir :*"it9co:"d "e*d to "osses in 5rod:cti0it9 *s * res:"t o6co/6ort 5rob"e/s, i"" 7e*"t7 *nd sic8ness.*bsenteeis/3

%3- =:i"din4.re"*ted i""ness is s*id to occ:r ;7en occ:5*nte+5os:re to indoor cont*/in*nts res:"ts in * c"inic*""9de6ined i""ness, dise*se or in6ir/it93 So/e co//onindoor *ir cont*/in*nts *nd t7eir so:rces *re "isted inA55endi+ A3 T7ose *66ected :s:*""9 re:ire 5ro"on4edreco0er9 *6ter "e*0in4 t7e b:i"din43

%3( Sic8 b:i"din4 s9ndro/e is s*id to occ:r ;7en *s:bst*nti*" 5ro5ortion o6 t7e occ:5*nts o6 * b:i"din4

e+5erience s9/5to/s *ssoci*ted ;it7 *c:tedisco/6ort t7*t *re re"ie0ed :5on "e*0in4 t7e 5re/ises3T7e /ec7*nis/s *re sti"" not 6:""9 :nderstood, b:tindoor *ir :*"it9 is t7o:47t to be contrib:tor93 T7ose*66ected t95ic*""9 reco0er co/5"ete"9 soon *6ter "e*0in4t7e b:i"din43

%3) F*ctors *66ectin4 indoor *ir ;7ic7 c*n 4i0e rise to 5oor*ir :*"it9 *re# t7e 5resence o6 indoor 5o"":tionso:rcesH 5oor"9 desi4ned, /*int*ined or o5er*ted

ACM> s9ste/sH *nd :ses o6 t7e b:i"din4 t7*t ;ere:n5"*nned 6or ;7en t7e b:i"din4 ;*s desi4ned orreno0*ted3

! +ction plan to achieve good indoor air uality

!31 In t7e e0ent or on t7e s:s5icion t7*t t7e indoor *ir:*"it9 is not 4ood, t7e 6o""o;in4 s7o:"d be /*de*0*i"*b"e 6or ins5ection d:rin4 *n in0esti4*tion#

$*& b:i"din4 5"*ns s7o;in4 t7e det*i"s o6 *"" t7e6"oors, *nd "oc*tion o6 t7e coo"in4 to;ers *nd6res7 *ir in"ets to t7e b:i"din4H


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$b& ACM> s9ste/ "*9o:t 5"*ns or sc7e/*ticsH *nd

$c& ACM> s9ste/ o5er*tin4 sc7ed:"e *nd/*inten*nce records3

!3- A ;*"8.t7ro:47 ins5ection o6 t7e 5re/ises *nd t7eACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d be cond:cted b9 t7e co/5etent5ersons to identi69 5ossib"e irre4:"*rities3 A s*/5"ec7ec8"ist 6or b:i"din4 ins5ection is 5ro0ided inA55endi+ =3

!3( Feedb*c8 6ro/ occ:5*nts on t7e conditions in t7eb:i"din4 *nd t7e o5er*tion o6 t7e ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"dbe obt*ined b9 t7e co/5etent 5ersons3 A s*/5"e

con6identi*" :estionn*ire ;7ic7 c*n be *d/inisteredto obt*in in6or/*tion is 5ro0ided in A55endi+ C3

!3) Indoor *ir *n*"9sis, *nd *n9 en0iron/ent*" orbio"o4ic*" s*/5"in4, s7o:"d be cond:cted b9 t7eco/5etent 5ersons i6 dee/ed necess*r9 6or t7ein0esti4*tion so t7*t *d?:st/ents or *"ter*tions c*n be/*de3

!3% =*sed on t7e 6indin4s o6 $!31&.$!3)&, b:i"din4 re/edi*"

/e*s:res s7o:"d be 6or/:"*ted, i/5"e/ented *nde0*":*ted so t7*t 4ood indoor *ir :*"it9 c*n be*c7ie0ed *nd does not deterior*te *4*in in 6:t:re3


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19/48


IN OFFICE PREMISESPART III

IMRI$1 I$&R +IR /'+,I%.

'3 Desi4n

3 Constr:ction

3 Co//issionin4 *nd o5er*tion

1


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P*rt III

IMRI$1 I$&R +IR /'+,I%.

' &esign

'31 A ne; or retro6itted b:i"din4 s7o:"d be desi4ned ;it7re4*rd to t7e 5o"":tion ;7ic7 /*9 *rise ;it7in t7eb:i"din43 Un"ess * s5*ce 7*s *de:*te o5en*b"e;indo;s t7*t c*n /eet n*t:r*" 0enti"*tionre:ire/ents, t7e b:i"din4 s7o:"d be 5ro0ided ;it7 */ec7*nic*" 0enti"*tion s9ste/ t7*t c*n be o5er*ted

;7en re:ired to 5:r4e t7e indoor *ir 6ro/ t7e s5*ce,in *ddition to t7e *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/3

'3- T7e ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d be desi4ned so t7*t t7e5otenti*" s5re*d o6 cont*/in*nts in t7e b:i"din4 is 8e5t"o;3 M*teri*"s :sed s7o:"d not inc":de t7ose t7*t e/itc7e/ic*"s, b*cteri* or 6:n4i to t7e s:55"9 *ir3 Po"":tionso:rces, or 5o"":ti0e *cti0ities o6 6re:ent occ:rrence,s7o:"d be 5ro0ided ;it7 s:c7 5rocess 0enti"*tion o6 t7eenc*5s:"*tion, 7ood or "oc*" e+tr*ction t95e so t7*t t7es5re*d o6 cont*/in*nts is 5re0ented3

'3( =:i"din4 /*teri*"s *nd s:r6*ce 6inis7es s7o:"d notcont*in *n9 s:bst*nces t7*t e/it c7e/ic*"s, b*cteri*or 6:n4i3 T7e9 s7o:"d be *b"e to st*nd :5 to t7eintended :se *nd not c*:se *n9 e/ission o6cont*/in*nts to t7e indoor *ir3

'3) *ter s:55"9, dr*in*4e, se;er*4e *nd ot7erinst*""*tions s7o:"d be 5"*nned 6or constr:ction in s:c7* ;*9 t7*t t7e ris8 o6 "e*8s *nd conse:enti*" d*/*4e

c*:sed b9 "e*8s is 5re0ented3

'3% O:tdoor *ir int*8es s7o:"d be 5"*ced ;7ere t7e *ir


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*d/itted is "i8e"9 to be c"e*nest, t*8in4 intoconsider*tion t7e o:tdoor *ir :*"it9 st*nd*rdss5eci6ied in A55endi+ D, t7e 5osition o6 t7e b:i"din4,t7e e+7*:st o5enin4 5osition, tr*66ic ro:tes, c*r5*r8s,:n"o*din4 b*9s, re6:se c7:tes *nd ot7er ne*rb9

so:rces o6 5o"":tion3 Int*8es s7o:"d not be "oc*tedbe"o; 4ro:nd "e0e" or c"ose to e0*5or*ti0e coo"in4to;ers3 O:tdoor *ir 6i"ters s7o:"d be 5"*ced *s c"ose*s 5ossib"e to t7e int*8e 5oints3

'3! T7e b:i"din4 s7o:"d be desi4ned so t7*t c"e*nin4 o6;indo;s, doors, 6"oors *nd ot7er s:r6*ces in cont*ct;it7 s:55"9 *ir or roo/ *ir is 5ossib"e3 S:c7 s:r6*cess7o:"d be c"e*ned be6ore t7e b:i"din4 is t*8en into:se3 S:r6*ces ;7ic7 *re "i8e"9 to beco/e 7e*0i"9

soi"ed s7o:"d be re*di"9 *ccessib"e *nd e*si"9c"e*n*b"e3

"onstruction

31 At *"" st*4es o6 t7e constr:ction o6 t7e b:i"din4 *nd itsACM> s9ste/, ins5ections s7o:"d be /*de b9 t7eco/5etent 5ersons so t7*t *cce5t*b"e indoor *ir:*"it9 c*n be sec:red ;7en t7e s9ste/ is 5:t into

o5er*tion3

3- T7e b:i"din4 str:ct:re s7o:"d be constr:cted in s:c7 *;*9 t7*t 7*r/6:" s5re*d o6 cont*/in*nts 6ro/ t7eo:tside, t7e 4ro:nd, or so/e ot7er se5*r*te 5*rt o6 t7eb:i"din4 does not occ:r3

3( In t7e constr:ction o6 t7e ACM> s9ste/, t7e s:55"9*nd ret:rn *ir d:cts s7o:"d be /*de *ccessib"e 6orins5ection *nd c"e*nin43 Co/5onents s7o:"d be /*deo6 /*teri*"s ;7ic7 st*nd :5 to t7e intended :se *nd/*inten*nce3 T7ose ;7ic7 re:ire *ttend*nce *nd/*inten*nce s7o:"d be sited so t7*t t7e9 *re re*di"9*ccessib"e *nd re5"*ce*b"e, *nd /o:nted so t7*t ;or8


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c*n be c*rried o:t e*si"9 *nd s*6e"93 To red:ce d:st*cc:/:"*tion, t7e inner s:r6*ces o6 t7e d:cts 6or s:55"9*nd ret:rn *ir s7o:"d be s/oot7 *nd resist*nt to*br*sion3

3) O:tdoor *ir 6or 0enti"*tion *nd indoor *ir t7*t is to berecirc:"*ted s7o:"d be 6i"tered 6or 5*rtic:"*tes3 A 6i"ters7o:"d be 5"*ced 6or o:tdoor *ir t7*t is to beintrod:ced into *n *ir 7*nd"in4 :nit roo/3 T7e 6i"ters7o:"d be 5rotected 6ro/ bein4 ;etted b9 s5r*9s, r*in,etc3 In 5"*cin4 t7e 6i"ters, t7ere s7o:"d be *n *de:*tese*" bet;een t7e *ir 6i"ters *nd t7e ;*""s o6 t7es:rro:ndin4s d:cts or :nits3

3% Inst*""*tions :nre"*ted to t7e ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d not

be "oc*ted in t7e *ir.7*nd"in4 :nit roo/s3

"ommissioning and operation

31 =e6ore * ne; or retro6itted b:i"din4 is co//issionedinto ser0ice, it s7o:"d be de/onstr*ted t7*t t7e ACM>s9ste/ 7*s been constr:cted *nd is *b"e to 6:nction int7e ;*9 intended3 T7e entire ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d bec"e*red o6 *n9 constr:ction debris *nd dirt, *nd

c"e*ned be6ore o5er*tion st*rts33- T7e s5eci6ic*tions *nd o5er*tions o6 t7e ACM> s9ste/

s7o:"d be in *ccord*nce ;it7 *"" 5ro0isions o6 t7eSin4*5ore St*nd*rd Code o6 Pr*ctice 6or Mec7*nic*">enti"*tion *nd Air.conditionin4 in =:i"din4s $SSCP1(&3

3( Un"ess t7ere *re stron4 5o"":t*nts so:rces, in ;7ic7c*se correcti0e *ction s7o:"d be t*8en, t7e 0enti"*tionr*te s7o:"d be s:66icient to di":te or re/o0e *n9


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*irborne cont*/in*nts to "e0e"s ;7ic7 co/5"9 ;it7 t7eindoor *ir :*"it9 4:ide"ine 0*":es s5eci6ied inA55endi+ E3 7ere t7is is not 5ossib"e, *n *ir.5:r4in4s9ste/ s7o:"d be *cti0*ted to en*b"e 5:r4in4 o6 t7econt*/in*ted *ir, ro:tine"9 or *s *nd ;7en re:ired3

3) It s7o:"d be 5ossib"e to *ssess *t *n9 ti/e t7econdition o6 t7e 6i"ter, inc":din4 t7e 5ress:re dro5, t7econt*/in*tion *nd t7e inst*""*tion3 T7e /ini/:/*rrest*nce e66icienc9 6or t7e *ir 6i"ters 6or c"e*nin4o:tdoor *nd indoor *ir s7o:"d be ! s9ste/ s7o:"d be dr*;n :5 in direct

coo5er*tion ;it7 t7e o5er*tions *nd /*inten*nce st*66,inc":din4 *"" necess*r9 in6or/*tion 6or s*tis6*ctor90enti"*tion o6 t7e roo/s ser0ed3 T7e instr:ctions/*n:*" 6or e*c7 ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d inc":de#

$*& * sc7e/*tic 5"*n o6 t7e s9ste/H

$b& its o5er*tionH *nd

$c& t7e 5rec*:tions to be t*8en s5eci69in4 c7ec8s

*nd t7eir 6re:enc9, *nd ste5s to be t*8en tore/ed9 de6ects *nd de6iciencies33! Roo/s ;7ere *ir 7*nd"in4 :nits *re sit:*ted s7o:"d not

be :sed *s 5*ss*4e ;*9s or 6or stor*4e3 7ere t7e9o5en to * so:rce o6 cont*/in*tion, t7e doors o6 t7eroo/s s7o:"d re/*in *ir.ti47t3 T7e inner s:r6*ces o6t7e :nits *nd e:i5/ent s7o:"d be e*s9 to c"e*n *nd*br*sion.resist*nt3 S:66icient s5*ce 6or c"e*nin4 *nd6or *ccess to t7e :nits s7o:"d be 5ro0ided3

3' Air distrib:tion s7o:"d be e66icient, e66ecti0e *nd:ni6or/ to ens:re no st*4n*tion o6 *ir in de*d s5*ces3

1< Renovation

1


25/48

25

* ;*9 t7*t * s*tis6*ctor9 indoor en0iron/ent issec:red3 7ere re"e0*nt to t7e reno0*tion ;or8s,consider*tion s7o:"d be 4i0en to $'31&.$'3!& *nd $31&.$3%& in t7e st*4es o6 desi4n *nd constr:ction,res5ecti0e"93

1


26/48

26

1131 Co/5etent 5ersons s7o:"d be e/5"o9ed s5eci6ic*""9 toens:re t7*t re4:"*r /*inten*nce o6 t7e b:i"din4inc":si0e o6 t7e ACM> s9ste/ is c*rried o:t on *ro:tine b*sis3 M*inten*nce st*66 s7o:"d be 6*/i"i*r;it7 t7e 5re0ention o6 *n9 7**rd *risin4 6ro/ t7e

b:i"din43

113- T7e sc7ed:"e o6 /*inten*nce 6or t7e ACM> s9ste/s7o:"d be in *ccord*nce ;it7 t7e /*n:6*ct:rer@sreco//end*tions to ens:re t7*t t7e e:i5/ento5er*te e66icient"93 I6 t7is is not s5eci6ied 6or *n9co/5onent, t7e 6re:encies "isted in $113(&.$113'&s7o:"d constit:te t7e /ini/:/ re:ire/ents3

113( T7e b:i"din4 *nd its ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d be

ins5ected at least every si months;it7 re4*rd to6:nctions ;7ic7 *re si4ni6ic*nt 6or t7e indoor *ir :*"it93Nor/*" o5er*tion o6 t7e s9ste/ s7o:"d be /onitoredso t7*t it contin:es to o5er*te *t /*+i/:/ e66icienc9*nd bre*8do;ns *re *0oided3

113) T7e ACM> s9ste/ *nd t7e *ir 7*nd"in4 :nit roo/s7o:"d be c"e*ned *nd /*int*ined in s:c7 * ;*9 t7*tt7e indoor *ir :*"it9 is not *d0erse"9 *66ected b9 t7ec"e*nin4 *nd /*inten*nce3 T7e co/5onents o6 *ir.

7*nd"in4 :nits s:c7 *s 6*ns *nd d*/5ers s7o:"d bec"e*ned at least every si months, de5endin4 on t7econdition o6 t7e inco/in4 *ir *nd :se o6 t7e s9ste/3Fi"ters s7o:"d be c"e*ned or re5"*ced so t7*t t7e9 *re5er6or/in4 5ro5er"9 at all times*nd do not beco/ec"o44ed3

113% Coo"in4 coi"s, condens*te 5i5es *nd ;*ter tr*9ss7o:"d be c7ec8ed re4:"*r"9 6or si4ns o6 s":d4e, *"4*eor r:st b:i"d.:5, c7o8*4e *nd "e*8s ;7ere ;*ter co:"denter t7e *irstre*/3 Coi"s *nd condens*te 5i5es

s7o:"d be c"e*ned at least every si months3 T7etr*9s s7o:"d be c"e*ned at least every one monthtoens:re t7*t cont*/in*nts do not b:i"d :53 An9 6erro:s/et*" s:r6*ce s7o:"d be tre*ted ;it7 *n *nti.corrosion


27/48

27

co*tin43 Re.circ:"*tin4 ;*ter s7o:"d *"so be tre*ted to5re0ent r:st b:t t7*t tre*ted ;*ter /:st not be *""o;edto enter t7e *irstre*/3

113! Coo"in4 to;ers s7o:"d be c"e*ned *nd tre*ted in

*ccord*nce ;it7 4:ide"ines s5eci6ied in t7e Code o6Pr*ctice 6or t7e contro" o6 "e4ione""* b*cteri* in *ir.conditionin4 coo"in4 to;ers in Sin4*5ore $Ministr9 o6t7e En0iron/ent, A:4:st 1-&3

113' T7e ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d be c7ec8ed *nd *d?:sted toens:re correct *ir 6"o;, te/5er*t:re *nd 7:/idit9 afterthe first year of operation *nd at least every t5oyears t7ere*6ter3 It s7o:"d *"so be c7ec8ed *nd*d?:sted *6ter *n9 reno0*tions or c7*n4es in 6"oor

"*9o:t t7*t /i47t *66ect *ir distrib:tion3

113 Records s7o:"d be 8e5t o6 *"" /*inten*nce ;or8 .;7en *nd ;7*t ;*s done3

1- /uality control

1-31 An *:dit s7o:"d be cond:cted b9 t7e co/5etent5ersons 5ithin si months after commencemento6o5er*tion o6 t7e ACM> s9ste/3 T7e in6or/*tion 6ors:c7 *n *:dit is si/i"*r to t7*t ;7ic7 is co""ected in$!31&.$!3)& ;7en in0esti4*tin4 *n occ:rrence o6b:i"din4.*ssoci*ted i""ness, b:t inc":des t7e entireb:i"din4 r*t7er t7*n 6oc:sin4 on *n9 *re* ;it7 *nidenti6ied 5rob"e/3


28/48

28

1-3- D:rin4 t7e nor/*" o5er*tion o6 * b:i"din4, *n *:dits7o:"d be cond:cted b9 t7e co/5etent 5ersons atleast every t5o yearsto ens:re t7*t t7e indoor *ir:*"it9 is *cce5t*b"e *nd con6or/s to t7e

s5eci6ic*tions "isted in A55endi+ E3

1-3( 7en indoor *ir testin4 is re:ired to st:d9 i6 t7e *ir:*"it9 co/5"ies ;it7 t7e re"e0*nt s5eci6ic*tions, t7etests s7o:"d be c*rried o:t b9 * "*bor*tor9 *ccredited:nder t7e Sin4*5ore L*bor*tor9 Accredit*tion Sc7e/e3

1-3) T7e necess*r9 5"*ns, dr*;in4s *nd s5eci6ic*tions ont7e b:i"din4 *nd its inst*""*tions s7o:"d be 8e5t b9 t7eo;ner or t7e /*n*4e/ent cor5or*tion o6 t7e b:i"din4,

*nd /*de *0*i"*b"e 6or ins5ection ;7en necess*r93

1-3% A 6or/*" record boo8 cont*inin4 *de:*te *nd*cc:r*te in6or/*tion on t7e ACM> s9ste/ s7o:"d be8e5t b9 t7e o;ner or t7e /*n*4e/ent cor5or*tion o6t7e b:i"din4, *nd /*de *0*i"*b"e 6or ins5ection ;7ennecess*r93 T7e in6or/*tion s7o:"d inc":de#

$*& descri5tion o6 t7e *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/H

$b& n*/e o6 t7e b:i"din4 /*n*4er or 5erson ;7oens:res t7*t 5ro5er records *re 8e5tH

$c& 5erson or co/5*n9 ;7o is res5onsib"e 6or t7e*ssess/ent o6 ris8, *nd i/5"e/entin4 *nd/*n*4in4 5rec*:tion*r9 /e*s:resH

$d& 5erson or co/5*n9 c*rr9in4 o:t t7e/*inten*nce 5ro4r*//eH *nd

$e& det*i"s o6 /*inten*nce, inc":din4#

$i& d*te *nd res:"t o6 0is:*" ins5ectionH$ii& d*te *nd t95e o6 c"e*nin4tre*t/ent ;or8s

cond:ctedH *nd$iii& d*te *nd n*t:re o6 *n9 re/edi*" ;or8s $i6


29/48

29

re:ired&3


30/48


IN OFFICE PREMISES

+E$&I"ES

A3 So/e co//on indoor *ir cont*/in*nts

=3 S*/5"e c7ec8"ist 6or b:i"din4 ins5ection

C3 S*/5"e con6identi*" :estionn*ire 6orb:i"din4 occ:5*nts

D3 O:tdoor *ir :*"it9 st*nd*rds

E3 Indoor *ir :*"it9 4:ide"ines

F3 Re6erences


31/48

31


32/48

32

A55endi+ A

SME "MM$ I$&R+IR "$%+MI$+$%S

"ar3on dioide C*rbon dio+ide is 5resent in t7e :n5o"":ted*t/os57ere *t * concentr*tion o6 *bo:t


33/48

33

A55endi+ =

S+M,E "*E"7,IS% )R('I,&I$1 I$SE"%I$

Note# A ;*"8.t7ro:47 ins5ection s7o:"d inc":de t7e o66ice 5re/ises,its *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/ *nd *n9 ot7er 0enti"*tion inst*""*tions3T7e 5:r5ose o6 t7e ins5ection is to identi69 irre4:"*rities3 T7e6o""o;in4 c7ec8"ist is 5ro0ided *s * 4:ide *nd is not /e*nt to bee+7*:sti0e3 7ere necess*r9, *ssist*nce s7o:"d be so:47t 6ro/t7e b:i"din4 /*n*4er3..........................................................................................

.

! *uman eposure and comfort levels

131 Bo; /*n9 occ:5*nts *re t7ere in e*c7 ;or8 *re*J

13- 7*t ti/e *re t7e occ:5*nts in t7e b:i"din4J

13( Is t7e indoor te/5er*t:re re4:"*ted b9 t7er/ost*tsJ 7ere*re t7e9 "oc*tedJ B*0e t7e9 been correct"9 5ositioned6o""o;in4 b:i"din4 *"ter*tionsJ Are t7e9 set to t7e correctte/5er*t:reJ

13) Is t7ere disco/6ort 6ro/ 7e*t r*di*tion 6ro/ 0is:*" dis5"*9:nitsJ

13% Is t7ere disco/6ort d:e to r*di*nt 7e*t 6ro/ ;*r/ ;indo;s:r6*cesJ

13! Are te/5er*t:re, re"*ti0e 7:/idit9 *nd *ir 6"o; r*tes c7ec8edre4:"*r"9 d:rin4 ;or8in4 7o:rsJ

13' Does *ir re*c7 *"" 5*rts o6 t7e o66ice or *re t7ere de*ds5*cesJ


34/48

34

13 Are t7ere *n9 6"ic8erin4 6":orescent t:besJ Are 6":orescentt:bes re4:"*r"9 re5"*ced be6ore t7ere *re ob0io:s si4ns o6;e*rJ

13 Is t7e b:i"din4 sti"" bein4 :sed 6or t7e 5:r5ose it ;*s

intendedJ B*0e 5*rtitions;*""s been *dded or re/o0edJB*0e occ:5*nc9 "e0e"s c7*n4edJ

2 otential sources of contaminants

-31 Are t7ere occ:5*nts s/o8in4 in *n9 roo/ or *re*J

-3- Are t7ere o66ice e:i5/ent 4i0in4 o66 4*ses or 6:/esJ I6 so,*re t7e e:i5/ent s:55"ied ;it7 se5*r*te e+7*:st

0enti"*tionJ Does t7e e+7*:st con0e9 *ir to t7e e+terior o6t7e b:i"din4 or into corridors or into t7e *ir.conditionin4s9ste/J

-3( Are t7ere 6:rnit:re, 6:rnis7in4s, c*r5ets, etc3 t7*t e/itnotice*b"e odo:rsJ B*0e deter4ents, 5esticides or ot7erc7e/ic*"s been :sed in t7e b:i"din4J

-3) Are reno0*tion ;or8s bein4 :ndert*8en in *n9 5*rt o6 t7eb:i"din4J Are t7e9 done d:rin4 ;or8in4 7o:rsJ

-3% Is t7ere * 8itc7en or 5*ntr9 ;7ere coo8in4 is doneJ Ise+7*:st 0enti"*tion 5ro0ided t7ereJ

-3! Is t7e b:i"din4 *de:*te"9 c"e*nedJ Is re4:"*r d:stin4 o6o66ice 6:rnit:re, "ed4es, s7e"0es, etc3 c*rried o:t to 7e"5 8ee5d:st to * /ini/:/J Are t7e c*r5ets 0*c::/.c"e*nedre4:"*r"9J

entilation and air-conditioning


35/48

35

(31 Bo; /*n9 s:55"9 *ir *nd e+tr*ct *ir 0ents *re t7ere in e*c7roo/ or *re*J Is t7ere *t "e*st one e*c7 in e0er9 roo/J

(3- Are 0ents "oc*ted in 5ositions t7*t ;i"" 5er/it t7e best *ircirc:"*tionJ

(3( Are s:55"9 *ir or e+tr*ct *ir 0ents b"oc8ed in *n9 ;*9 b95*rtitions, 6i"es or ot7er str:ct:res t7*t obstr:ct *ir 6"o;J B*sd:st co""ected *ro:nd t7e *ir 0entsJ

(3) Is t7e *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/ t:rned o66 *n9 ti/e d:rin4 t7ed*9J

(3% Is t7e s9ste/ t:rned o66 *6ter o66ice 7o:rsJ Are t7ere sti""occ:5*nts in t7e b:i"din4 *6ter o66ice 7o:rsJ

((3! 7ere is t7e o:tdoor *ir int*8e d:ct "oc*tedJ Is it ne*r t7ecoo"in4 to;er in t7is b:i"din4 or is it ne*r *d?*cent b:i"din4sJIs it *t street "e0e" or ne*r * c*r 5*r8J Is it b"oc8ed :5J Are7e*09 ind:stries "oc*ted ne*rb9J Is t7ere *n9 constr:ction;or8 4oin4 on ne*rb9J Is o:tdoor *ir *ct:*""9 4ettin4 into t7eb:i"din4J

(3' Are 6i"ters bein4 :sedJ Are t7e9 *de:*teJ Are t7e9 bein4b95*ssedJ Bo; o6ten *re t7e9 c"e*ned or re5"*cedJ

(3 Is t7ere * re4:"*r sc7ed:"e 6or c"e*nin4 *nd /*inten*nce o6t7e *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/ in t7e b:i"din4J Are *"" t7eco/5onents o6 t7e *ir.conditionin4 s9ste/ re4:"*r"9ins5ected 6or "e*8s, bre*c7es, etc3J


36/48

36

A55endi+ C

S+M,E "$)I&E$%I+,/'ES%I$$+IRE )R

('I,&I$1 ""'+$%S

To t7e occ:5*nt# T7is s7ort :estionn*ire 7*s been 4i0en to 9o: to7e"5 deter/ine t7e e+istence o6 7e*"t7 5rob"e/s, i6 *n9, t7*t /*9 bere"*ted to t7e o66ice en0iron/ent3 Yo:r *ns;ers ;i"" re/*incon6identi*"3 P"e*se co/5"ete t7e 6or/ *s *cc:r*te"9 *s 5ossib"ebe6ore ret:rnin4 to :s3 T7*n8 9o:3..........................................................................................

! &emographic information

131 Se+# M*"e Fe/*"e

13- A4e#

13( M*rit*" st*t:s# Sin4"e M*rried

13) Et7nic 4ro:5# C7inese M*"*9 Indi*n Ot7er

2 Environmental conditions

-31 T95e o6 ;or8st*tion# Enc"osed roo/ O5en conce5t

-3- No3 o6 5eo5"e ;7o s7*re 9o:r ;or8st*tion#

-3( Bo; is 9o:r *re* *ir.conditionedJCentr*" :nit Loc*" :nit

-3) Bo; is 9o:r ;or8st*tion "i47tedJF":orescent "i47tin4 Non.6":orescent "i47tin4


37/48

37

-3% P"e*se indic*te i6 9o: ;or8 ;it7 or ne*r t7e 6o""o;in4e:i5/ent#

T95e;riter . E0er9d*9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 Ne0er

>ideo dis5"*9 :nit . E0er9d*9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9

Ne0erP7otoco5ier . E0er9d*9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9

Ne0erF*+ /*c7ine . E0er9d*9 -.( ti/es

;ee8"9 Ne0er

-3! P"e*se r*te t7e 6o""o;in4 conditions *t 9o:r ;or8st*tion#Noise . Too /:c7 :st ri47t Too "itt"eB:/idit9 . Too /:c7 :st ri47t Too "itt"eLi47tin4 . Too /:c7 :st ri47t Too "itt"e

Air /o0e/ent . Too /:c7 :st ri47t Too "itt"eTe/5er*t:re . Too 7ot :st ri47t Too co"d

-3' Do 9o: 7*0e to 5:t on e+tr* c"ot7in4 6or co/6ortJRe4:"*r"9 So/eti/es Ne0er

-3 Does t7e o66ice *ir 7*0e *n :n5"e*s*nt odo:rJRe4:"*r"9 So/eti/es Ne0er

-3 Does t7e o66ice *ir 6ee" st:669J Re4:"*r"9 So/eti/es

Ne0er

$ature of occupation

(31 No3 o6 7o:rs s5ent 5er d*9 *t 9o:r /*in ;or8st*tion#

(3- P"e*se r*te 7o; 9o: 6ind t7e stress in 9o:r ;or8in4conditions#

P79sic*" stress e+5erience . Lo;


38/48

38

Moder*te Bi47Ment*" stress e+5erience . Lo; Moder*te Bi47C"i/*te o6 coo5er*tion *t ;or8 . Lo; Moder*te Bi47

(3( 7*t is 9o:r ?ob c*te4or9J

M*n*4eri*" Pro6ession*" Secret*ri*" C"eric*" Ot7er$i6 Ot7er, s5eci69


39/48

39

4 *ealth complaints

)31 P"e*se indic*te 9o:r e+5erience o6 t7e 6o""o;in4 s9/5to/s *t;or8 d:rin4 t7e 5*st one /ont7#Be*d*c7e . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessLet7*r49 . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessDro;siness . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessDiiness . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessN*:se*0o/itin4 . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessS7ortness o6 bre*t7 . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9

LessSt:669 nose . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessDr9 t7ro*t . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessS8in r*s7itc7iness . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 LessE9e irrit*tion . D*i"9 -.( ti/es ;ee8"9 Less

)3- No3 o6 d*9s in t7e 5*st one /ont7 t7*t 9o: 7*d to t*8e o66;or8 bec*:se o6 t7ese co/5"*ints#

)3( 7en do t7ese co/5"*ints occ:rJMornin4s A6ternoons No notice*b"e trend

)3) 7en do 9o: e+5erience re"ie6 6ro/ t7ese co/5"*intsJ A6terI "e*0e /9 ;or8st*tion A6ter I "e*0e t7e b:i"din4 Ne0er

)3% P"e*se indic*te i6 9o: 7*0e *n9 o6 t7ese /edic*" conditions#Ast7/*J Yes, on /edic*tion Yes, not on /edic*tion NoA""er49J Yes, on /edic*tion Yes, not on /edic*tion NoSin:sJ Yes, on /edic*tion Yes, not on /edic*tion NoMi4r*ineJ Yes, on /edic*tion Yes, not on /edic*tion No

)3! I6 6e/*"e, *re 9o: c:rrent"9 5re4n*ntJ Yes No Not s:re


40/48

40

A55endi+ D'%&R +IR /'+,I%. S%+$&+R&S

! 'SE+ primary air uality standards

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKP*r*/eter A0er*4in4 ti/e Conc3 Met7odKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKG*seo:s 5o"":t*nts

S:"57:r dio+ide Ann:*" /e*n < 4/ ( P*r*ros.*ni"ine

-) 7o:rs (!% 4/ ( P:"sed

F":orescence

C*rbon /ono+ide 7o:rs 55/ Non.dis5ersi0e

1 7o:r (% 55/ In6r*redS5ectro/etr9

Nitro4en dio+ide Ann:*" /e*n 1o":/e5*rtic"es -) 7o:rs 1%< 4/ ( S*/5"in4

Le*d ( /ont7s 13% 4/(

Ato/ic Absor5tion

S5ectrosco59KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK


41/48

41

KKKKKK

2 orld *ealth rgani6ation long term goals

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKP*r*/eter A0er*4in4 ti/e Conc3 Met7odKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKG*seo:s 5o"":t*nts

C*rbon /ono+ide 7o:rs 55/ Non.dis5ersi0e

1 7o:r (% 55/ In6r*redS5ectro/etr9

Nitro4en dio+ide 1 7o:r not to


42/48

42

A55endi+ E

I$&R +IR /'+,I%. 1'I&E,I$ES

! +ssessment of indoor air uality parameters

$*& S*/5"e 5osition

T7e s*/5"in4 5robe s7o:"d be "oc*ted bet;een '%*nd 1-< c/ 6ro/ t7e 6"oor *t t7e centre o6 t7e roo/ or*n occ:5ied one3

$b& N:/ber o6 s*/5"in4 5oints

IndoorAt "e*st one s*/5"e s7o:"d be t*8en 6ro/ e*c7 6"oor or6ro/ e*c7 *re* ser0iced b9 * se5*r*te *ir 7*nd"in4:nit3 For "*r4e 6"oor s5*ces, t7e 4:ide"ines 6or t7e/ini/:/ re:ired n:/ber o6 s*/5"in4 5oints *re *s6o""o;s#

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

Are* o6 b:i"din4 $/-

& Mini/:/ n:/ber o6 s*/5"in4 5oints


(,


43/48

43


O:tdoor

At "e*st t;o s*/5"es s7o:"d be t*8en *t t7e entr*nceto t7e b:i"din4 or *t t7e entr*nce o6 t7e 6res7 *ir int*8e3

2 1uideline maimum concentrations forspecific

indoor air contaminants

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK

P*r*/eter A0er*4in4 Li/it 6or Unitti/e *cce5t*b"eindoor *ir:*"it9


C*rbon dio+ide 7o:rs 1


44/48

44

e+ceeded occ*sion*""9, to+ic e66ects *re:n"i8e"9 to occ:r3


45/48

45

Recommended maimum concentrations forspecific classes of contaminants


P*r*/eter Li/it 6or Unit*cce5t*b"eindoor *ir:*"it9


S:s5ended 5*rtic:"*te /*tter 1%< 4/ (

>o"*ti"e or4*nic co/5o:nds ( 55/

Tot*" b*cteri*" co:nts %


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46

! 1'' %1< 1

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKtot*" 57otoionis*b"e co/5o:nds, re6erence to to":eneco"on9.6or/in4 :nits

4 1uideline values for specific physicalparameters

KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKP*r*/eter R*n4e 6or Unit

*cce5t*b"eindoor *ir:*"it9


Air te/5er*t:re --3%.-%3% C

Re"*ti0e 7:/idit9 '<

Air /o0e/ent


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47

A55endi+ F

RE)ERE$"ES

13 A/eric*n Con6erence o6 Go0ern/ent*" Ind:stri*" B94ienists3G:ide"ines 6or t7e *ssess/ent o6 bio*eroso"s in t7e indooren0iron/ent3 ACGIB, Cincinn*ti, 13

-3 A/eric*n Con6erence o6 Go0ern/ent*" Ind:stri*" B94ienists31).1% t7res7o"d "i/it 0*":es 6or c7e/ic*" s:bst*nces*nd 579sic*" *4ents *nd bio"o4ic*" e+5os:re indices3ACGIB, Cincinn*ti, 1)3

(3 ASBRAE St*nd*rd %%.-# T7er/*" en0iron/ent conditions6or 7:/*n occ:5*nc93 A/eric*n Societ9 o6 Be*tin4,Re6ri4er*tin4 *nd Air.conditionin4 En4ineers, At"*nt*, 1-3

)3 ASBRAE St*nd*rd !-.# >enti"*tion 6or *cce5t*b"e indoor*ir :*"it93 A/eric*n Societ9 o6 Be*tin4, Re6ri4er*tin4 *ndAir.conditionin4 En4ineers, At"*nt*, 13

%3 A:str*"i*n St*nd*rd 1!!3-.11 *nd 1!!3- S:551.11#T7e :se o6 /ec7*nic*" 0enti"*tion *nd *ir.conditionin4 inb:i"din4s, P*rt -# /ec7*nic*" 0enti"*tion 6or *cce5t*b"e

indoor *ir :*"it93 St*nd*rds Associ*tion o6 A:str*"i*,S9dne9, 113

!3 =ritis7 St*nd*rd =S !%)


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48

3 E:ro5e*n Concerted Action Indoor Air Q:*"it9 *nd Its I/5*cton M*n3 Re5ort No !# Str*te49 6or s*/5"in4 c7e/ic*"s:bst*nces in indoor *ir3 O66ice 6or P:b"ic*tions o6 t7eE:ro5e*n Co//:nities, L:+e/bo:r4, 13

1

guidelines for good indoor air quality1

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