guidelines for trouble shooting and maintenance of icp-ms ... for... · guidelines for trouble...

43
Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May 2012

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Page 1: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Guidelines for

Trouble Shooting and

Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Flame AAS

ICP-MS

AAS instruments can be

flame only furnace only or

combined (switchable)

4100 MP-AES

ICP-OES

Graphite Furnace AAS

ICP-QQQ

Todayrsquos Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy Worldrsquos best most complete atomic spectroscopy portfolio

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 2

Agilentrsquos Atomic Spectroscopy Portfolio - Features

Lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically ~100rsquos ppb

bull Fast (for 1 element)

bull Good elemental coverage

bull Low running cost

Lowest running cost

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single to 10rsquos ppb

bull Faster

bull Broader elemental coverage

bull Lowest running cost

Trace levels at lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically 10rsquos to 100rsquos ppt

bull Very slow

bull Limited elemental coverage

bull Moderate running cost

Fastest measurement

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single ppb

bull Very fast

bull Can measure most elements

bull High running cost

Broadest coverage

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single or sub-ppt

bull Fast

bull Can measure almost all elements

bull Highest running cost

Lowest Selling Price Highest

Flame AA MP-AES Furnace AA ICP-OES ICP-MS

3

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Common ICP-MS Problems Reported by Users

Sensitivity

bull Sensitivity is worse than it used to be

bull I have a new application and I canrsquot get the sensitivity I need

bull How come I canrsquot get the instrument to meet published detection limits

Precision

bull Sensitivity is acceptable but precision is terrible

Accuracy

bull Instrument does not give the ldquorightrdquo results

Poor Sample Throughput

bull The instrument throughput needs to improve

bull Nebulizer andor Injector of the Torch blocks too quickly

4

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - What Impacts This

4 areas of the instrument can affect sensitivity

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

ndash Cleanliness

ndash Quality of standards used for calibration

Remember ndash SMCQ

Or

ldquoSystem Must Create Qualityrdquo

5

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 2: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Flame AAS

ICP-MS

AAS instruments can be

flame only furnace only or

combined (switchable)

4100 MP-AES

ICP-OES

Graphite Furnace AAS

ICP-QQQ

Todayrsquos Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy Worldrsquos best most complete atomic spectroscopy portfolio

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 2

Agilentrsquos Atomic Spectroscopy Portfolio - Features

Lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically ~100rsquos ppb

bull Fast (for 1 element)

bull Good elemental coverage

bull Low running cost

Lowest running cost

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single to 10rsquos ppb

bull Faster

bull Broader elemental coverage

bull Lowest running cost

Trace levels at lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically 10rsquos to 100rsquos ppt

bull Very slow

bull Limited elemental coverage

bull Moderate running cost

Fastest measurement

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single ppb

bull Very fast

bull Can measure most elements

bull High running cost

Broadest coverage

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single or sub-ppt

bull Fast

bull Can measure almost all elements

bull Highest running cost

Lowest Selling Price Highest

Flame AA MP-AES Furnace AA ICP-OES ICP-MS

3

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Common ICP-MS Problems Reported by Users

Sensitivity

bull Sensitivity is worse than it used to be

bull I have a new application and I canrsquot get the sensitivity I need

bull How come I canrsquot get the instrument to meet published detection limits

Precision

bull Sensitivity is acceptable but precision is terrible

Accuracy

bull Instrument does not give the ldquorightrdquo results

Poor Sample Throughput

bull The instrument throughput needs to improve

bull Nebulizer andor Injector of the Torch blocks too quickly

4

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - What Impacts This

4 areas of the instrument can affect sensitivity

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

ndash Cleanliness

ndash Quality of standards used for calibration

Remember ndash SMCQ

Or

ldquoSystem Must Create Qualityrdquo

5

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 3: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Agilentrsquos Atomic Spectroscopy Portfolio - Features

Lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically ~100rsquos ppb

bull Fast (for 1 element)

bull Good elemental coverage

bull Low running cost

Lowest running cost

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single to 10rsquos ppb

bull Faster

bull Broader elemental coverage

bull Lowest running cost

Trace levels at lowest price

bull Single element

bull DLs typically 10rsquos to 100rsquos ppt

bull Very slow

bull Limited elemental coverage

bull Moderate running cost

Fastest measurement

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single ppb

bull Very fast

bull Can measure most elements

bull High running cost

Broadest coverage

bull Multi element

bull DLs typically single or sub-ppt

bull Fast

bull Can measure almost all elements

bull Highest running cost

Lowest Selling Price Highest

Flame AA MP-AES Furnace AA ICP-OES ICP-MS

3

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Common ICP-MS Problems Reported by Users

Sensitivity

bull Sensitivity is worse than it used to be

bull I have a new application and I canrsquot get the sensitivity I need

bull How come I canrsquot get the instrument to meet published detection limits

Precision

bull Sensitivity is acceptable but precision is terrible

Accuracy

bull Instrument does not give the ldquorightrdquo results

Poor Sample Throughput

bull The instrument throughput needs to improve

bull Nebulizer andor Injector of the Torch blocks too quickly

4

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - What Impacts This

4 areas of the instrument can affect sensitivity

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

ndash Cleanliness

ndash Quality of standards used for calibration

Remember ndash SMCQ

Or

ldquoSystem Must Create Qualityrdquo

5

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 4: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Common ICP-MS Problems Reported by Users

Sensitivity

bull Sensitivity is worse than it used to be

bull I have a new application and I canrsquot get the sensitivity I need

bull How come I canrsquot get the instrument to meet published detection limits

Precision

bull Sensitivity is acceptable but precision is terrible

Accuracy

bull Instrument does not give the ldquorightrdquo results

Poor Sample Throughput

bull The instrument throughput needs to improve

bull Nebulizer andor Injector of the Torch blocks too quickly

4

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - What Impacts This

4 areas of the instrument can affect sensitivity

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

ndash Cleanliness

ndash Quality of standards used for calibration

Remember ndash SMCQ

Or

ldquoSystem Must Create Qualityrdquo

5

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 5: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sensitivity - What Impacts This

4 areas of the instrument can affect sensitivity

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

ndash Cleanliness

ndash Quality of standards used for calibration

Remember ndash SMCQ

Or

ldquoSystem Must Create Qualityrdquo

5

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 6: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Sensitivity ndash Quality of Standards

ndash What concentration are they

bull Low concentration standards have a finite life

ndash Prepare ppb (ugL) concentration standards daily from high conc stock

ndash Prepare low ppm (mgL) concentration standards weekly

ndash How are they prepared

bull Ensure purchased standards are still within ldquoUse Byrdquo date when used

bull Use calibrated pipettes and class lsquoArsquo volumetric flasks for dilutions

bull Use de-ionized water (Type I - conductivity gt 18 Mcm3) ndash lower grades may have

contamination

bull Please donrsquot do that 1100000 dilution

bull Donrsquot pipette direct from the bottle or return excess standard back to the bottle

ndash How are they stored

bull Plastic vessels ensure better stability

bull Stabilize with acid ndash low pH ensures better stability

6

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 7: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Detector

③Ion Transmission

Efficiency

②Plasma Ionization

Efficiency

①Nebulizer

Efficiency

7

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Itrsquos Determined Byhellip

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 8: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Low ICP-MS Sensitivity

What to Check

ndash Standards prepared correctly and fresh

ndash Check the pump tubing (see tips on later slide)

and confirm pumping liquid smoothly

ndash Check for nebulizer blockage (use ldquonebulizer testrdquo in SW)

bull If required remove nebulizer and check liquid flowaerosol formation

ndash Check for blockage in the injector of the torch

bull Aspirate a Y solution

bull Check the position of ldquobulletrdquo in the plasma

bull Should be stable

ndash Check the interface cones (see tips on later slide)

ndash Check the ion lens (use ldquoion lens testrdquo in SW)

ndash Check torch positioning and tuning

ndash Check sensitivity in ldquono gas moderdquo ndash if OK suspect reaction gas purity

8

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 9: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sensitivity - Peristaltic Pump Tubing

bull Selection of tubing used for an application based on 2 key factors

ndash Resistance to the solvent in use

ndash ID of the tubing required (indicated by the coloured tabs)

bull Usersrsquo usually know what size they need

ndash Sample ndash 102 mm ID or whitewhite tabs

ndash Drain ndash 152 mm ID or yellowblue tabs

bull Smaller sizes used when application demands it

ndash Internal standard ndash 019 mm ID with orangered tabs

or 025 mm ID with orangeblue tabs

9

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Trim to 5-10mm to

reduce washout

and contamination

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 10: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Potential Pump Tube Problems

10

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

What to Check

ndash Tubing diameters

bull Want tubing used for waste to be larger ID than sample ID

ndash Chemical compatibility

bull Ensure tubing is resistant to the solvent being used

ndash Tube lifetime

bull Typical lifetime is ~1 week based on normal 8 hour working day

ndash Detach from tube holder after use ndash allows tube to ldquorelaxrdquo

bull Check 2 key things on pump tubing

ndash Roundness of tube ndash should not be any ldquoflatrdquo spots

ndash Tubing should still be elastic ndash replace if obviously stretched

bull Using ldquooldrdquo tubing can lead to problems with precision and stability

bull Installation and tensioning critical

ndash Donrsquot overtighten ndash just need smooth and even sample flow

ndash Remember to check other tubing for wear leaks and crimps

Normal wear amp tear

(~5 days) needs

replacing

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 11: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash Method Parameters

What to Check

ndash Isotope selection

bull Using the most sensitive isotope

ndash Pump speed

bull Use the default speed as guide

bull Change pump tubing to give resistance to the solvent

ndash Interferences

bull Check for polyatomic interferences ndash try an alternate isotope first (if required)

ndash Otherwise use ORS3 to remove

bull Physical interferences can affect aerosol formation

ndash Use internal standard matched standards or standard additions

bull Chemical interferences can reduce atom formation and ionization

ndash Use higher RF power optimize neb flow + appropriate matrix modifiers

11

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 12: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Sensitivity ndash Automated ldquoExpertrdquo Tuning

bull Startup provides a simple

user-configured schedule of

system optimization and

performance checks

bull One-click expert autotuning for

simple plasma optimization

bull Ensures consistent

performance from day to day

bull Independent of operator

experience

bull Automatically generate a

Performance Report

bull Provides a continuing record of

system performance

12

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 13: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

13

Hardware Performance Report

is run under ldquostandardrdquo (factory

check-out) conditions

Gives record of performance

history under consistent default

tuning conditions

Note this is different to the ldquoTune

Reportrdquo which is generated

using Batch tune conditions

Sensitivity ndash Performance Report

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 14: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS specific contamination concerns -This is a topic of its own often leads to the clean room

conversation

But remember its not just where your instrument

is located ndash itrsquos everything the sample encounters

on its way to the instrument

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 14

Sensitivity ndash Cleanliness amp Contamination

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 15: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Sensitivity ndash Contamination Sources

bull Use high purity or ICP-MS grade reagents

bull Acid purity

ndash Buy only what you need to do the job

ndash Check the certificate of analysis

ndash Donrsquot insert pipette tips into your acids

ndash Use contaminated acid for cleaning

bull Sample containers

ndash Borosilicate glass introduces boron

ndash FEP containers preferred

bull Pipette tips

ndash Colors add interest ndash but increase contamination (Cu Fe Zn Cd)

bull Gloves

ndash Powder free unless you like Zn

Anything that touches sample during prep dilution

transfer analysis and storage

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 15

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 16: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

PFA spray

chamber

PFA

endcap

PFA

nebulizer

PFA

connector

tube

Quartz torch with sapphire

or platinum injector

Complete sample introduction can be

changed to a system specifically

designed to reduce contamination

bull Usually used for semi-con applications

Clean integrated Auto-Sampler ndash I-AS

Clean sample introduction system - PFA

16

Cleanliness ndash The Ultimate for Contamination Free

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 17: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction System

bull Deposits in nebulizer can reduce

sample uptake rate

ndash Soak in aqua regia or use a nebulizer

cleaning tool to back flush

bull Solid material in torch injector

affects aerosol introduction into

plasma and increases noise

bull Contamination in spray chamber

impacts on aerosol formation ndash

increases noise

bull If seeing poor precision may be

due to beading in spray chamber

ndash Soak in 25 detergent solution

overnight (preferably for 24 hours)

17

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Nebulizer cleaner

Agilent PN G3266-80020

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 18: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sensitivity ndash System Cleanliness

What to Check

ndash Interface cones

bull Deposits or discoloration indicates

cleaning is required

bull Other indicators that cone cleaning

is required

ndash Poor sensitivity

ndash High background

ndash Distorted peak shapes

ndash Changes in interface vacuum reading

(deposition or build-up)

18

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Close up

Sample cone after measuring 75 undiluted sea water

samples using HMI Some deposition on outer edges

away from the orifice ndash no blockage of the sampling

orifice ndash but cleaning still recommended

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 19: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

System Cleanliness - Sampling Cone

1 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum Centres

bull Nickel

bull Physically stronger

bull Tip runs hotter ndash less sample deposition

bull Platinum

bull Chemically stronger

bull Used for higher acid conc (incl HF)

bull 2 centre sizes 10-18 mm

bull Higher cost

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel - Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum - Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 19

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 20: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

System Cleanliness - Skimmer Cone

04 mm Orifice Nickel or Platinum

bull The Nickel skimmer cone is the standard interface

bull The skimmer cone is relatively robust to samples containing high concentrations of matrix and salts and is suitable for a wide variety of samples It is usually used with the Nickel sampling cone

bull The Platinum skimmer cone is usually used for introduction of hydrofluoric acid and other reagents It is usually used with the Platinum sampling cone

Potential Problems

bull Biggest risk is from physical damage to the orifice due to excessively aggressive cleaning

bull Cones also affected by sample matrix (acid strength amp type) and number of samples analyzed each day

bull Nickel ndash Typically replace 3 or 5 each year (assumes measuring 250-350 environmental samples each day)

bull Platinum ndash Typically replace 1 or 2 each year (assumes measuring 20-50 semiconductor samples each day)

bull If not clean then can result in analytical problems eg poor signal stability elemental contamination

20

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 21: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

System Cleanliness - Cone Cleaning Procedure

Caution - Take care to avoid damage to the cone tip when removing ndash and place base down - Check the graphite gasket and replace if creased or damaged - Sonicate in a 2 Citranox or 2 Nitric Acid solution for a few minutes - Rinse well with de-ionized water - If still dirty or memory problems remain polish using an alumina powder slurry on a Q-tip then sonicate in 2 Citranox solution and rinse well with de-ionized water - Dry with nitrogen before installing

22

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 22: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Precision - Why is This Important

What does ldquoPrecisionrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the same result for the same

sample when measured multiple times

ndash Usually measured as RSD or sometimes SD

RSD = (SD Mean Result) 100

ndash Low values indicate good precision

bull For ICP-MS expect 1-2 RSD

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

What impacts on precision

ndash Nebulizerplasma stability

ndash Sample introduction system

ndash Method parameters

23

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 23: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash System stabilized

bull Allow 10 mins for plasma warm-up before

analysis

ndash Plasma status

bull ldquoBulletrdquo in the plasma should be stable

bull Check for deposits in the injector of the torch

ndash Check condition of interface cones and

clean if necessary

ndash Clean the Extraction Lens - Omega Lens

assembly

ndash Method parameters

bull Appropriate times set for sample uptake

delay and stabilization times

24

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 24: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Precision ndash Sample Intro

What to Check ndash Nebulizer

bull Nebulizer type used can impact on sensitivity and precision

ndash MicroMist (glass concentric type) is the standard nebulizer ndash handles most sample

types

ndash PFA MicroFlow nebulizer best for low volume samples aggressive samples (HF

digests) and when low contamination required (semi-con)

ndash Babington gives poorer precision - best for high TDS samples

bull Check nebulizer condition regularly

ndash Chips in the nebulizer tip impact on aerosol formation ndash poor precision

(use a magnifying glass if necessary)

ndash Check for deposits or blockage in the tip

bull Sample uptake or flow rate

ndash Lower pump speed or using narrow bore pump tubing will reduce uptake rate

- better for high TDS samples

25

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 25: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Sample Introduction bull Contamination in the spray chamber

ndash When was the spray chamber cleaned

bull Any blockages in the nebulizer injector

ndash Check for stable aerosol formation

bull Air leaks in spray chamber end cap or connecting tubes

ndash Are they in good condition with tight connections

bull Damaged pump tubes

ndash When did you check the pump tubes

bull Is the pump speed too slow

ndash Low pump speeds may cause signal pulsation

ndash If required use narrower bore pump tube and increase pump speed

bull Samples have a high TDS content

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

26

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 26: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Precision ndash What to Check

ndash Memory effects

bull If possible avoid running high concentrations of these analytes

(Ag Au B Hg Mo Si Sn W Zn Zr)

ndash Maybe necessary to pre-dilute samples (if known to be high in concentration)

bull Ensure an adequate rinse time

ndash Should be at least equal to the sample uptake delay

(30-40 seconds typical)

bull May require an acidified rinse solution between samples

(2 HNO3)

bull Other strategies to minimize memory effects

ndash Use an inert spray chamber

ndash Use the ISIS to introduce discrete amounts of sample This means

bull Cones are exposed to less sample matrix = improved stability

bull Less memorycarry-over

bull Reduced uptake amp rinse times = faster measurement

27

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 27: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Accuracy - Why is This Important

What does ldquoAccuracyrdquo mean

ndash Ability to get the ldquorightrdquo answer for the sample

ndash Heavily dependent on operatorrsquos skill

Why is this important

ndash User loses confidence in the system

ndash Your reputationhellip

bull Customerrsquos question the results

bull Poor performance in ldquoround robinrdquo comparisons

How do You Confirm Accuracy

ndash Check the result for a prepared standard

ndash Measure a certified reference material

ndash Use other quality control checks to check analysis

28

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 28: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Calibration standards properly prepared

bull See earlier recommendations ndash important to match to samples prepare

accurately and use them ldquofreshrdquo

ndash Any interferences impacting on results

ndash Use matched standards or standard additions

ndash Ensure isotope selected has no polyatomic interferences

ndash If necessary use ORS3

ndash Precision optimized

bull Optimum signal to noise performance improves accuracy

bull Measuring at an appropriate concentration

ndash Close to the detection limit noise is high and precisionaccuracy is impacted

29

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 29: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

bull Reprocess data post

run using an

alternate internal

standard

bull Ensure Internal

Standard used is

similar in mass

bull Check whether the

Internal Standard is

present in the

sample

ndash If necessary do a Semi-

Quant measurement

bull Dilute with cal blk

matrix

30

Accuracy ndash Suspect Internal Standard Recovery

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 30: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Accuracy ndash What to Check

ndash Sample preparation

bull Is the most appropriate digestion being used

bull Are all of the analytes being quantitatively (and reproducibly) extracted and

dissolved

ndash Many digestions are only partial extracts ndash efficiency will vary with the

sample matrix

ndash Some volatile analytes may be ldquolostrdquo during digestion

bull Confirm by taking a solid certified reference material

through your preparation and analysis procedure

bull Is the digest stable ndash or are you seeing any precipitates or a suspension

bull Do you see any potential contamination from either reagents or the digestion

equipment eg especially with Si B or Ca

bull Include a ldquoReagent Blankrdquo with every sample batch to

monitor

31

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 31: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Laboratory environment can have

direct impact on quality of results

bull Clean uncluttered work area

bull Proper ventilation

bull Safety considerations

bull Instrument lifetime consideration

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 32

Laboratory Environment

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 32: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS ndash Potential Autosampler Issues

ndash More customers use autosamplers with ICP for automation

ndash Issues to consider

bull Long transfer tube between sampler and ICP-MS

ndash May need to program a longer sample uptake delay

ndash May exacerbate problems with memory effects

ndash Use ldquoFast Pumprdquo during sample uptake delay

bull Caution ndash not always possible

Not recommended with high TDS samples and organics

bull Ensure probe diameter is appropriate for sample matrix

ndash Use wider bore for high TDS or viscous samples

bull Sample stability - potential for sample changes while uncovered in racks ndash impacts accuracy

ndash Dust ingress can introduce contamination

ndash Sample evaporation may occur during long unattended runs

ndash Sediment in the sample may settle out esp with wear metals or suspensions

bull Ensure transfer line to ICP-MS is in good condition

ndash Kinks in the line may cause poor uptake or pulsing in the sample

ndash Impacts on precision and accuracy

33

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 33: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Sample Throughput ndash What to Check

ndash Samples fully digested

bull No excess particulates in the sample that may cause blockage

ndash Sample Introduction System optimized

ndash Capable of handling the TDS levels in the sample

ndash TorchNebulizer cleaned and ready for analysis

ndash Method parameters optimized

bull Sample uptake delay and stabilization times are appropriate ndash optimized

bull Integration time is appropriate for the expected concentration

ndash Use a longer integration time at low concentrations

bull Rinse time is appropriate

bull Use ldquoISISrdquo discrete sampling for faster measurement and faster washout

34

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 34: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

bull Handles tough sample matrices better

than any other ICP-MS

ndash Highest plasma temperature (lowest

CeOCe) as standard

ndash HMI (high matrix introduction) allows direct

analysis of difficult samples

eg sea water

bull ORS3 operates in He collision mode to

remove ALL polyatomic interferences

ndash Enables reliable removal of all polyatomic

interferences using a single set of

conditions

ndash Gives lower levels of interference and

better long-term stability HMI gives lower suppression and

better long-term stability

Relative signal (suppression) in undiluted seawater

Long-term stability in undiluted seawater

35

Agilent ICP-MS Performance - Benefits

Best matrix tolerance amp less interferences

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 35: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS ndash Recommended Maintenance Schedule

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 37

These functions

(and more) are

completed as part

of a Preventative

Maintenance

program by an

Agilent Field

Service Engineer

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 36: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Summary ndash Key Consumables for ICP-MS

Sample preparationpresentation

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Transfer and drain tubing

ndash ICP-MS standard solutions

ndash Internal Standard solutions

ndash Torches

ndash Spray chambers

ndash Nebulizers

Ion Extraction

ndash Sampler and skimmer cones

Autosampling

ndash Sample tubes racks probes and transfer tubing

ISIS

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing ferrules amp fittings

38

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 37: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ICP-MS Sample Introduction

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Pump tubing

bull Torches and quartz transfer tube

bull Nebulizers

bull Spray chambers

bull Interface cones (skimmer amp sampler)

bull Transfer amp connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalogue

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24406(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 39

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 38: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Autosampler Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

ndash Peristaltic pump tubing

ndash Sample racks

ndash Sample tubes

ndash Spare probes

ndash Standard racks

ndash Connecting tubing

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceSubcategoryListingaspxcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amppcat=CatECS_24391(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012 40

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 39: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

ISIS Supplies

Key consumables requiring frequent replacement

bull Peristaltic pump tubing

bull Ferrules and fittings

bull Valving

For ISIS Hydride Generation Accessory

bull Membrane filter

bull Concentric nebulizer

bull Gas-liquid separator

bull Other tubing and connectors

Where to find ordering details

bull Agilent 7700 Quick Reference Guide ndash download from Agilent website

bull Agilent Spectroscopy Supplies Catalog

bull Agilent Consumables and Supplies Catalog (all products)

bull Agilent website ndash dedicated webpage Use this link

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-USStore_layoutsAgilentCommerceProductListingaspxcat=SubCat2ECS_24437(Agilent)amppcat=SubCat1ECS_24407(Agilent)amprcat=ClassECS_22674(Agilent)

41

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 40: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Where to Find the Right Consumable Analytical Consumables Agilent Assist

Consumables amp Supplies Instrument Sales ampServices 1-800-227-9770 (Option 11) 1-800-227-9770 (Option 13) wwwagilentcomchemcontactus wwwagilentcomchemcontactus

On-Line resources

ICP-MS Supplies

2nd Edition Speciation Handbook

ICP-MS Journal Archives

Recorded Agilent e-Seminars

ICP-OES Supplies

Atomic Absorption Supplies

Instrument Parts amp Supplies

Atomic Spec Application Notes

Agilent Quick Reference Guide for 77008800 ICP-MS (pub 5990-8182EN)

Agilent Atomic Spec Supplies Catalogue (pub 5990-8767EN)

Agilent Consumables Catalogue (pub 5990-6674EN)

Instrument User Manuals

42

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 41: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Other Support Resources for Agilent ICP-MS Users

bull Are you a subscriber to the Agilent ICP-MS

journal

ndash An ICP-MS specific journal produced 4 timesyear

ndash Includes applications techniques ldquorealrdquo user

stories news updates and other product

information

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpwwwchemagilentcomen-

USNewslettersicpmsjournalPagesdefaultaspx

bull Are you a subscriber to the Access Agilent

newsletter

ndash A monthly e-newsletter newsletter tailored to your

preferences

ndash Includes in-depth articles new products literature

offers and events

bull To register use this link to the registration form on the

Agilent website (or ask your Agilent representative)

httpswwwchemagilentcomen-

US_layoutsAgilentSecurityProfileaspx

43

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 42: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

bull Most ldquoinstrumentrdquo failures occur in the sample introduction area

ndash Includes

bull Torch

bull Spray chamber

bull Nebulizer

bull Interface cones

bull All tubing and drain assembly

bull Improper maintenance of this area can result in poor data quality

bull Frequently less experienced analysts can fail to recognize problems resulting in

productivity losses

bull Establishing routine maintenance procedures can prevent problems before they

occur

Summary ndash To Achieve Quality Data

44

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012

Page 43: Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS ... for... · Guidelines for Trouble Shooting and Maintenance of ICP-MS Systems ICP-MS Maintenance & Trouble Shooting May

Questions

The Market Leaders in Atomic Spectroscopy

Agilent MP-AES

Agilent ICP-MS Agilent ICP-OES Agilent AAS

45

ICP-MS Maintenance amp Trouble Shooting

May 2012