gunshot wounds
DESCRIPTION
GUNSHOT WOUNDS. FIREARM INJURIES. FIREARMS. Smoothbore ie Shotguns ---fire mass of pellets Rifled weapons ie Handguns & Rifles---fire bullets Airguns—pistols & rifles---fire projectiles. SHOTGUNS. Calibre size = Bore or Guage Common Guages are 12 20 16 .410 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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GUNSHOT WOUNDSGUNSHOT WOUNDS
FIREARM INJURIES
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FIREARMSFIREARMS
Smoothbore ie Shotguns ---fire mass of pellets
Rifled weapons ie Handguns & Rifles---fire bullets
Airguns—pistols & rifles---fire projectiles
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
Calibre size = Bore or Guage Common Guages are 12 20 16 .410Historically,the number of balls (of barrel
diameter) to equal a pound of leadException is the .410,which means it has a
barrel diameter of 0.410 inches
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
Single-BarrelledDouble-Barrelled—may be Side-by-Side or
Over-and-UnderRepeating----single-barrelled,Pump-Action
or Semi-Automatic
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
BARREL LENGTHCommenest lengths28 inches30 inches32 inchesLegal Minimum is 24 inchesSawn-Off Shotguns ---- ILLEGAL
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
CHOKE----a constriction over last few inches of the barrel
May be built in and permanent or the gun may come with a selection of screw-in chokes
Choke functions to delay the spread of the pellet pattern
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
CHOKETrue-CylinderImproved choke¼ choke½ choke¾ chokeFull choke
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
AMMUNITION is the CartridgeThe Cartridge contains the lead shot (ie the
pellets) which come in a variety of sizesNumber ConventionLow number = fewer BIG pelletsHigh number = more SMALL pellets6 = common game load
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SHOTGUNSSHOTGUNS
What comes out of the gun when it is fired?PELLETSWADSGASFLAMEPOWDER---burnt and unburnt
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SHOTGUN WOUNDSSHOTGUN WOUNDS
CONTACT WOUNDSHead ---- EXPLOSIVE InjuryChest and Abdomen --- circular wounds
with blackened and seared marginsMay get a muzzle imprint
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SHOTGUN WOUNDSSHOTGUN WOUNDS
< 2 feet ----single wound, ¾ to 1 inch 3 feet----single wound,scalloped margins 4 feet----entrance wound + satellite holes 10 feet----ragged central hole with
numerous pellet holesBeyond 10 feet----pattern of multiple pellet
holes
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SHOTGUN WOUNDSSHOTGUN WOUNDS
WADDING< 5-6 feet----goes in the entrance woundBeyond that range , may strike separatelyFelt wadsPlastic wads -----Maltese Cross between 1
to 2 feet
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HANDGUNSHANDGUNS
REVOLVERSSEMI-AUTOMATIC PISTOLSAll fire bulletsVarious Calibres
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HANDGUNSHANDGUNS
What does the weapon discharge?Flame--- 1 to 2 inchesGasPowder---burnt and unburntSoot ( Carbon )Vapourised MetalBULLET
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
CONTACT WOUNDS----firm,loose,nearINTERMEDIATE RangeDISTANT
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
CONTACT WOUNDSBlackened,Seared edgesPossible Muzzle ImprintLoose—ring of sootNear ---broader band of blackened,seared
skin
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
CONTACT WOUNDS to the HEADMay get a circular wound with
blackened,seared marginsMay get a wound with a muzzle imprintMay get a Stellate-shaped wound as gases
enter and the thin scalp which is stretched over bone balloons out
Possible back-spatter into weapon
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
INTERMEDIATE RANGEPOWDER TATTOOING is the
characteristic featurePowder grains strike the skin causing
punctate abrasionsMultiple punctate reddish-brown to orange-
red abrasionsApproximate range-----1/2 inch to 2-4 feet
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
DISTANTRound or Oval wounds with an Abrasion
Ring (usually though not always)
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HANDGUN WOUNDSHANDGUN WOUNDS
EXIT WOUNDS Rule of ODDS and EVENS Usually Larger and more Irregular than entry
wounds Often slit-like or stellate N.B.---Shored Exit Wounds---uncommon---have
an abrasion ring due to exit site in contact with ground or wall,or rarely due to tight clothing
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GUNSHOT WOUNDSGUNSHOT WOUNDS
Scientific Examination of ClothingTest-Firing of Gun and Ammunition
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RIFLE WOUNDSRIFLE WOUNDS
POWERFULFMJ – Bullets ---tend to pass through and
remain UndeformedSemi-jacketed bullets used as Hunting
rounds---jacket peals back and the lead core mushrooms and disintegrates into scores of lead fragments
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RIFLE WOUNDSRIFLE WOUNDS
High-Velocity Rifle woundsEnormously powerful and destructiveShock-WaveCavitationTransmission of Energy via Fluid-filled
Structures eg Arteries and Veins to produce additional injury at sites remote from the main track
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GUNSHOT WOUNDSGUNSHOT WOUNDS
ACCIDENT? SUICIDE? MURDER? Need to consider the wound,the wound site,range
of discharge,the scene etc. Preservation of Evidence(including fingerprints) GSR (gunshot residue) swabs Clothing Test-Firing
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