(guru nanak dev ji) (')t(')cf m) - archive
TRANSCRIPT
BED TIME STORIES-2(GURU NANAK DEV JI)
(@ (')T(')Cf R m)
Other books by the same author on religious philosophy and history :
I. Hindu Sikh Sikhia (Panjabl) ISBN 1 872580 00 92. Hindu Sikh Sikhia (Hindi) ISBN 1 872580 01 73. Sach SUDai SI Sach KI Bela (PanjablJ ISBN 1 872580 05 X4. Tales of Truth (English) (Sikh Martyrs) ISBN 1 872580 06 85. Bed TIme Storles-I (Panjabl-Engllsh) (Guru Goblnd SiDgh JI) ISBN 1 872580 20 36. Bed TIme Storles-2 (PanJabI-~sh)(Guru Nanak Dev JI) ISBN 187258021 17. Bed Time Storles-3 (Panjabl-Engllsh) (Guru Arjan Dev JI) ISBN 187258022 X8. Bed TIme Storles-4 (Panjabl-Eqush) (Guru Tegh Bahadur JI) ISBN 1 872580 23 8
"Bed Time Stories written by Santokh Singh Jagdev in two languageshave been quite successful in conveying the message of Guru Nanak tothe Western world which includes our children also."
-The Council oj Sikh Gurdwaras in Birmingham. England
"Mr. Jagdev has righteously succeeded in his mission to propagate theteachings of Guru Nanak and the Sikh Philosophy through interesting andnumerous anecdotes narrated in his books..... "
-Dr. Joginder Singh J.P.. Birmingham. England
'We highly recommend these books to those who want to learn or teach'Sikhism and Sikh Philosophy'."
-Gurdwara Guru Ramdas. Singh Sabha. Birmingham. England
BED TIME STORIES-2(GURU NANAK DEV J1)
(CDf (i)l(i)ct R tit)
Santokh Singh Jagdev
Sikh Missionary Resource CentreBirmingham (Engl~d)
All rights reservedCopy right S.S. Jagdev
Bed Time Stories-2ISBN 1 872580 21 1
Third Edition 1996
PrIce Ra. 60-00
Published by:
Sikh Missionary Resource Centre346. Green Lane Rd.•
Small Heath, Binningham,B95DR. England.Ph-021-772-5365
Distributors:
SINGH BRafHERSBazar Mai Sewan. Amritsar.
Typesetters:
K.G. Graphics. s.c.a. 98. City Centre, Amritsar.Printers:
Printwell. 146. Industrial Focal Point. Amritsar.
INDEX
1. Hm"~
Real Education2. w~..
Sacred Thread
3. ~*~=
Advice to Physician4. WW
A liue Merchandise5. 883 1(i)y(r ~ }ftft }:{TOT
General Store at Sultanpur6. wm }ja€'(i)1
Companion Mardana7. ~ ow;:r
liue Prayer8. rae;: It'll 9CJ}f
Illusion of Rituals9. ~~~
Honest Living
10. ~~W1it
A Happening at Haridwar11. ~ R97)T~..
Truth, the Universal Cure12. ftq fIwal ftq~
One Creator One Sustainer13. ~~
Kauda the Cannibal
5
11
13
15
16
17
19
21
22
23
25
27
28
29
31
33
34
35
37
39
40
41
43
45
46
47
49
Solar Eclipse15. HO()T JN
Death Eats up All16. JN l=f9()T l{WO
Truth is Supreme
17. ~ <5aTSajjan the Robber
18. tRT ~ UlO
God's House
19. ~~~
Madness for Gold20. m~m~
Numerous Planets, Numerous Stars
21. ~~ ft:ro~Pride Hath a Fall
22. F.@ 8iJ'dl<!
Eternally Married
23. l:MrcJ ~ fP5HBarbarity of Babar
24. ~~fHuo
Cured the Leper25. ffiit;'B~
Merger in God
6
51
52
53
55
57
58
59
61
63
64
65
67
69
70
71
73
75
76
77
79
81
82
83
85
"~~~ RY3' cratn II"
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~~, ;::rfup,pw~~~lfll~m(](l)1 ~1W~~tiri~mr
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~ ))f11JT(J '~ ~ ~' ~ I 'tidl€i;i!' t:ft ~ fMls ~ }ffi lffi3~ (HERITAGE)
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R: ir3l:f fi:ful 'tidl€~' m~-~ rea-'~~' ~ ~ I fro ~-Firedl1
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OF TRUTH l>8 BED TIME STORIES-I fiil:r tlFdi;i!id i~~ (](I) I fu(y~~ao~~ fr 'ih1t ~ 'Jl1'fu3" njf "fit ao~, N ~~ lfirt~ tit~un I 1m m1u~~, fi:fu wfu>W ROtfu,~Wi 0Q3T tit ih:r qao m~~~I
~~, Mlfe~dl ~~l@3~(](I)1 Wl1~~~~~~
7
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}{T3-gtW l>8~~ Htt ff fu?>t lfeT~'~' tit~~ I~~ 'flSau % ~ FoaH€iJ '~~' ~ fJ 3Ttit~~ kow-dT3 ~-cfu8f ~ fufom!t~~ I 'tidl€~' itt ~ "€"-9Tlft QllT-Jl1'fud fucy~~ m!t ct!<!q lei} fmr~ »8 fuu~-~ ~~~~ ih:r~~ I fifoT Ri€dfl l>8~ l)fTl! ~
~~~ ~ ~ ~ ffift -»fCffi reR wfu3~ fulR"r ~ I
H'~ cit3T ~ fa"~ fcioT~~, fiR' ~ a l>8~ wg a~~~ I~~~~ a i:tI~I~}'er ~ I~~~~~-~ (4"'3~tJOl ~ YR3Ci ~ a~ ~ ~~, M'Fe~ciI'>fT ~~ ~I ~~ iNF.iil)ftern:~ UO I M' Fe~ciI'>fT~~~ fro aN a jffl~ tJO fa" "l.fTOa+~ HoT ouT I" reR wa- ~Mtidl<! ~ ~?i~ 3' fuo+ ~ cit~~?~,
~ av~~ ffiJO l.fT18~W' -H~ )){T1.(~~~ lPlf3l ~ I~- = .. - ..wm ~: cito fi:ful itt ~ ~ ~ :
"fuej gm~ m!t~3o~~m
~~~OTW
H~ ~ fo3 oft:R I".&:--...~ ft ... ~ ~ ... " ~... n_ .h-;. •• ' ... ,~It:Nod3d~ IC:C~, lOIN B'lRi" 2' WOf'(J aoo IUd, 'M1:for H: H3lf INC04 tidle~ ~I
a'ffif~~ I~~ Hfu iJ3lit 3Ot3'-F,:fedfl 3' l!giF~3 ~ a H'~ aT3T ~ fci~eR~Q ~ tkr mw~~~ a- 8~~€i ~~ au~~
~ aoOT ~ I H' HHWMT~ l>8 uroort 7:;~ ~~ orotaJT fci~ lfaR a= -~~ fuo3' ~ 3H aoo l>8 YH3CfT~ tit~ ftf3' we I "3t titl)flff~ 8J'til'>fTCilbf3+ ~ nJ.ig' if3 au~ I
V.R.~ (r.)
(Dr. C. S. Chan)Lan~uage Department.
Handsworth College.Soho Rd. Blnnlngham.
England.
8
AcknowledgementI am highly thankful to Dr. Channan Singh Chan who. by writing the
foreword of this book. has drawn the attention of the Sikh famllies living outof India to the need for their children to learn PanJabi and urged the PanJabiwriters to produce such literature as to create the interest of the children inPanJab1. I am not a man ofletters but I write only for the purpose that the childrenmay, somehow or other. come to understand that. without learning PanJabi. theywill not be fully eqUipped to lead a happy life as the spiritual guide capable ofshowing the path of Truth, is in PanJabi script.
These twenty-five stories from the life of Guru Nanak can unite us with theteachings of the spiritual guide, if we read them carefully and tIy to mould ourlives upon these. Guru Nanak was born in 1469 AD. He began to share his divineknowledge from the age ofseven. The knowledge ofTruth was his guide. To spreadthis divine knowledge. Guru Nanak undertook four long journeys. On theseJourneys he went to Hindu temples along with Bhai Mardana where he showedthe true path to the people who had gone astray. Thousands. who met him onthe way. were shown the way of Truth. He made the Islamic religious heads ofMecca understand that the abode of God is on all sides. At the time of Babar'sinvasion. Guru Nanak saw tyranny being committed against the helpless andprayed. "If a tiger kills the cows. the herdsman is to blame." It was answeredthus. "If the cows forget the herdsman. the fault lies with the cows." So if weforget our Lord. we are liable to face all types of troubles and travails. To keepGod always in mind. we should have the knowledge of His virtues and merits,the basic teachings of spiritual guide (Guru Granth Sahib).
I am thankful to S. K.P. Singh who has put his body and soul in helpingme to translate this book into English. It seems that Guru Nanak's teachingshave made a deep impression on his mind.
I am greatly obliged to S. AJmer Singh Grewal and Miss Eleanor Nesbitt forthe kind suggestions and help.
I am highly thankful to S. Kashmira Singh, artist who has produced thematching sketches for the stories and cover design. Children can use suitablecolours of their own choice to paint the blank sketches in their own books.
My thanks to the managements of the Gurdwaras and organisations andindividuals with whose help my books are reaching the Sikh public. In this regardI specially mention.
1. Sikh Temple. Leamington Spa.2. Ramgarhia Gurdwara. Waverly Rd.. Birmingham-10.3. Ramgarhia Gurdwara. Grahame St.. Birmingham-I.4. Khalsa Centre. London.5. Guru Ram Dass Gurdwara. Moseley Rd.. Birmingham.
9
6. Gurdwara Council. Binningham.7. Sikh Youth Project. Leicester.8. Ramgarhia Sikh Gurdwara. Southall.9. National Council Punjabi Teaching. London.
10. The Sikh Temple Reading11. Dr. Kultar Singh12. Mr. SUrjit Singh Kalra13. Mr. Ranjit Singh Wahiwala
and many other friends.I am highly thankful to S. Pritam Singh and his staff with whose help and
co-operation this book is in your hands in this beautiful form.I will be grateful for your valuable suggestions to improve the book.
s.s. J.,dev160 Fonnans Rd.. Sparkhill
B1nningham B II 3BDEngland.
Ph. 021-777-6371
10
J=Jf,l l..I~ I it~ (I)'T'O(i~ tft ~ tfO){ 1469~~ 'CJ"'@' 'ire tft 3Mi!iii «(i)(i)a I~ I JJ1'fulf)
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~ lMf ftrJ:r"g-fa3 Ia >H3" €Cf:(i) Idlal fRlR" m~ i9 cit3T I..rea reo ~ tft rn~ Cfl:r ~ ~ QCJ ~ t<5 JJO I~ tft ~ fuR ogt tc5 ~ ~
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- -z - .
~ ot W~~ lfaHT'3}fT~ 1m3+ unl 1m'3t ~ Fc;eid(i)' ul mft~~I
11
Real EducationGuru Nanak was born on 20th October 1469 A.D. at Talwandi Rat Bhoi.
now known as Nankana Sahib. in Sheikhupura district of Pakistan. His father.Mehta Kalu. was employed as a village official in charge of land records andrevenue with Rat Bular. the ruler of that village. When Guru Nanak was seven.his father sent him to Gopal Dass. the village teacher. to learn accounts andDevnagrt-one of the scripts of that time.
One day. Guru Nanak was sitting sUently with a writing board in front ofhim. Seeing Guru Nanak sitting in this way. the teacher said. "Nanak. why areyou not learning your lesson?" Guru Nanak replied. "Respected teacher. whatis the use of learning this lesson which teaches multiplication tables only? Thislesson does not tell how to be free from the shackles of this world."
The teacher said. "I have learnt only sums and measurements and have beenteaching ever since. If you have knowledge of the ways to get freedom from thebonds of this world. tell me." Guru Nanak replied, "Respected teacher. writingwith this pen and ink on this board Is a worldly act which entangles the mindin worldly deeds. Bound by the shackles of worldly deeds, the mind is drawntowards mortal deeds. The true education helps in breaking the attachment fromthe bonds of this world and the mind is freed from immorality. When the mindis pure, good feeling grows in it. That true education inspires one towards thepraise of the creator and sustainer of this world. By singing his praises, the mindis filled with bliss and the fear of birth and death is removed forever."
The teacher said, "Nanak, I have taught you whatever I knew. I know nothingabout this true education. I cannot teach it." Guru Nanak came home andnarrated the whole story to his parents. Guru Nanak was only thirteen at thattime so his father started sending him to an Islamic rellgtous teacher. MauliviKutabudin, to learn Persian. One day Guru Nanak asked Maulivi Kutabudin.'What are the meanings of Persian alphabet?" No one had asked this type ofquestion from him before. so no answer came to his mind and he said. "Nanak.you tell me what these letters stand for?" Then Guru Nanak narrated themeanings of all the letters of Persian alphabet in words in praise of God. Afterhearing the meanings of the letters from Guru Nanak. Maulivi Kutabudinunderstood that if one considers the worldly education, it is the praise of Godwhich can free the mind from worldly attachments.
13
w~--~ (I)l7iCX~ itt i: ll1W -e ~ ot rew -e ~ ~ ~ ~ a'W~~~
fun )){T faT)){T I lifif3~ )){TlJeT lJW-lJ'TO ao -a-~ arcr tft -e~~~zr -. •
~~ ot~ (I)l(')Q ~ ~ ~ ~~~~,"~tft, ftm~~~
m~~ cstt W9 ~? full~~~~~? fuJ:r -e~~ fam}IT<JH -e aoW m ~~ ~ fffiS fuJ:f-e~ -a= flTcI)t n\ft'~ 1"
tffi.r3'~~~ fe'3T, ,eft (I)l(')Q, fuJ:f-e~~ l)fT3'HQ ;:r(I)H~~ I fuJ:f-e~~ oitel m ~"el~ ~~~ I fuJ:f-e~NT IT<JH ~ lbrcft olat-d4@iHi
~~~ tft~~~ I fuJ:f-e~~ flTcI)t~"s~~ ofcR\JO, ftm GfT'aO~ IT<JH -e acJHi'~ 'ftrw n\ft' t ~ I~ attddl i -e mrrtr aoo~;it~ mft' CJlffi, ftm GfT'aO~ -e fU3a,~~ilf-~ ~ wit oftR~ I"
cug (I)l(')Q ~ "far~, ";l~~~~ HO}f~ ~ ot~~)){T"3W ~~ ~iJiei ~ I fuu !f3CJ~~ cit W9 ,)~~~ "el~!O ihrer~, ~:a1811Jf+~~~ eii i 8 i~chf-~ ~~, fiR'~~~ lifif3 ))flU~~.I ~ ot full~~~ fim ~~~ }fO mr~~, iJ3lit If<!", ta~ "s~~~ I~ ;:it, ,)~ l.f'"R' ftm~~~
~ 0+ ~~ W f3l)fT(J ~ I full~ ~~OT~, OT cjRT~"s OT \itffiffir -e Hl'S'GC! ~ "foT mr~ I trn~~~ tit ffiffir -e~ crftOJT I ffiffir- - '"~ Hl'S'QC!~ ;it~ -e~ tiltEdl' I"
tffi.r3'~~ CDg' tft ?i~~ "el "&fmr Old FelJf+ focuT, "ft (I)l(')Q, fuu~l,fflf "fH' llfm;ft~ BO om' em>~ I fuu 3T lWit~ -em )){T am ~ I~~ lJfuW-= -~ fcm' otu om' alit 1" ~ (I)l(')Q ~~ "el~m~ -e lR"~ \lTtf~
W ~~ Q~iFd'JfT:
~~~ 1I'l@r~ ~II
~ 1RR" fctct~ RI i'~ urre II -arar 11fT1fT, lb;r 471
tffi.r3'~~ ftm~ "elmw 'U oreT~ lilOllo ~ faT)){T fa' QJS tft ~ fuuCilPU ~ waJT 0T5 mr om'~ I~ fuu iift~~ fa' ~ l)fT)f~ *arcr ~- - . -.cffiJC!" "el row 'U arel ot~ ;it~~~ ao~mI~ 1Mf cit~~ ioc'a "s~ ~iji~i ftm (Jffi{ -e aao~ om'~ I full~ -e wa-~~~~
~m~~ UlO *~ farwr.
15
Sacred ThreadWhen Guru Nanak attained the age of nine. the day was fixed for him to
wear the sacred thread prescribed by Manu. the originator of Hindu rituals andthe caste system. After worship and recitation. Pandit Hardial started to put thesacred thread around Guru Nanak's neck. Guru Nanak stopped him and asked."Dear Pandit. what is the use of putting this thread around my neck? Whatauthority is attained by wearing it ? What special deeds of faith one can performby wearing it in addition to those which are already performed without it ?"
Pandit Hardial replied, "0 Nanak, one gets spiritual birth by wearing it. Youget the liberty to go to the kitchen upon wearing it. You get the freedom toparticipate in the religious rituals of the world. Brahmins and Kshatris are impurewithout wearing it and cannot take part in religious rituals and ceremonies. Theydo not have the right to perform the Saradh-feast of selVing food every yearto Brahmins so that it may reach the dead ancestors. Without this theirancestors face the pangs of hunger and thirst in the next world."
Guru Nanak further asked, "If one gets spiritual birth by wearing it, thethread should be put around the soul. What is the use of wearing it if the wearercontinues to tell lies. back-bite and do other lowly deeds after wearing it likethe Brahmin administering it. The sacred thread should be such that its wearingmay make the wearer compassionate, contented. celibate and truthful in hisdealings. Dear Pandit, if you have a thread of this type, I am ready to wear it.This type of thread will not be broken, nor soiled or burnt when the body iscremated. That True Thread will always remain with the soul even when the bodyis burnt."
Pandit Hardial,in a bid to make Guru Nanak understand, said further, "0Nanak, we are not starting this sacred thread ritual for the first time today. Thisritual has been performed for a long time. Nobody has refused it before you."In order to expose Brahmins' greed to eat and get offerings behind the facadeof this ritual. Guru Nanak recited:
A thread of cotton Ia .pun and the Brahmin twists It, a ,oat Ia alauthteredand eaten and everyone Is uked to wear the thread.
(Raag Asa. p. 471)
Pandit Hardial came to understand this hymn and was convinced that GuruNanak would not wear that cotton thread around his neck. He also saw that ifthe common people grasped the meanings of what Guru Nanak had said, theywould stop wearing the thread. He would be deprived of the goat and otherofferings for performing this ritual from them also. On account of this fear heput the thread in his bag and returned home.
16
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:II
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17
z«o
Or-wo>o«
Advice to PhysicianAfter giving up learning from Maulvi Kutubudin, Guru Nanak started
meeting saints and hermits. When no saint or hermit was available, he used tostay at home immersed in his own thoughts. If anybody came to the house, hetalked as if he had met the person for the first time. Observing Guru Nanak'sstrange behaviour, his parents used to wonder. Guru Nanak also paid noattention to the timing of his meals.
Seeing the state of Guru Nanak, people began to talk thus, "Money is dearerto Mehta Kalu than his son. For the love of money he is not giving any treatmentto his son although he is the only son." Hearing the people talk like this. MehtaKalu one day called Haridas. the village physician, to treat Guru Nanak.Physician Haridas took Guru Nanak's arm to feel the pulse. Guru Nanak pulledaway his arm from the physician's hand and said, "Dear physician why did youhold my arm ?" The physician replied. "I caught hold ofyour arm in order to feelyour pulse. By reading your pulse, I was to diagnose your disease due to whichyou do not feel hunger and eat nothing and keep lying down all day. I was togive you medicine after the diagnosis which would have cured you and you wouldhave felt hunger at the proper time."
Guru Nanak said to the physician, "Dear physician, my body whose pulseyou are trying to feel is not sick. This illness is in my mind, deep inside myself.A physician who first recognises the malady correctly and then prescrtbes themedicine which frees the body from all ailments is a wise physician. Both thebody and the mind may attain peace. I shall deem yourself to be an accomplishedphysician if you treat your own malady before relieving me of my illness."
The physician, on hearing that he himselfwas ill, was much upset. He asked."Nanak. which illness do I have? I am quite hale and hearty. Tell me quicklywhich illness do I suffer from?" Guru Nanak replied, ''You are sick with sertousillness of birth and death. This cycle of birth and death cannot be cured by yourmedicines. Only the physician who does not himself suffer from this disease cangive medicine to cure it. That physician. who is neither born nor dies. You arenot that physician."
Physician Haridas knew only the cures of the diseases of the body. He didnot know the medicine to rid oneself of the maladies of the mind, but he cameto understand what Guru Nanak had said. He took leave of Mehta Kalu tellinghim. "Nanak has no physical ailment. He is immersed in the love of God. DearMehta Kalu. please stop worrying about your son. He does not need any medicinefrom a physician."
19
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C\J
A True MerchandiseWhen Guru Nanak attained the age of eighteen, his father Mehta Kalu
thought of engaging him in trade, thinking that it would be a good profitableprofession and secondly his son would be happy all day talking to his clientsabout his business. Thinking this way and choosing an auspicious day, he calledBhai Bala to be Guru Nanak's companion. He gave twenty rupees to Bhai Balaand said, "Go with Nanak. Buy and bring some genuine goods by selling ofwhichwe may save a lot. In this way if you make a profitable transaction, next timeI will send you with more money to buy goods."
Guru Nanak and Bhai Bala started from Talwandi towards Chuharkana topurchase some merchandise. They had hardly gone ten or twelve miles from thevillage when they saw a group of hennits sitting in the jungle. Guru Nanak saidto Bha! Bala, "Father has asked us to carry out some profitable transaction. Nobargain can be more trully profitable than to feed and clothe these naked andhungry hennits. I cannot leave this true bargain. It is seldom that we get anopportunity to carry out some profitable transaction like this." Guru Nanak tookall the money from Bhai Bala, placed it before the head of the hennits and said,"I offer this in your service."
The head of the hennits said, "Son, this money is of no use to us. We donot go to places where people live. We stay in the jungle. Ifyou get meals preparedwith this money, we will accept it." Guru Nanak and Bhai Bala went to the villagenearby. They got meals prepared with that money and brought them to thehennits and distributed among them. They also brought clothes for the nakedhennits with the money that was left. Taking leave of the head of the hermits,they started back empty-handed.
When both reached near Talwandi. Guru Nanak said to Bhai Bala, ''You goto the village alone, I shall sit at this well." Bhai Bala went to the village andnarrated the whole story to Mehta Kalu. He told him where Guru Nanak wassitting. Mehta Kalu was very angry that they had wasted money on hermits inthis way. Putting aside all work he took Bhai Bala along and started towardsthe well. Reaching the well, he caught hold of Guru Nanak and slapped him threeor four times. Bhai Bala was telling Mehta Kalu at that time too, ''You told uswhen we started out to make a good bargain. You mayor may not agree, Nanakhas made a true bargain."
For Mehta Kalu, amassing of wealth was the only true bargain because inthis world it is money which is the mark of nobility, it is the wealthy who is wise,only the rich are considered gentle, honest. piOUS and lovers of mankind. Themeans by which the money has been earned are of no consideration. Only thosewho make true transaction think about the ways and means.
22
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23
General Store at SultanpurAfter Guru Nanak had spent the money given for the 'true bargain' on the
hermits. his father realised that Guru Nanak could not do business. He tookadvice from his ruler. Rai Bular. about work for Guru Nanak He said. "DearMehta. send your son to his sister Nanaki at Sultanpur Lodhi. Her husband,Jai Ram is the minister looking after the estate of Nawab Daulat Khan atSultanpur. Bhai Jai Ram w1ll get him appointed to a good post in the serviceof Nawab Daulat Khan.
Acting upon the advice of his ruler, Mehta Kalu sent Guru Nanak toSultanpur to his sister. Bhai Jai Ram introduced Guru Nanak to his Nawab.When the Nawab came to know that Guru Nanak had learnt accounts andPersian, he appointed him as store-keeper in his general store which was knownas Modi Khana. Modi Khana was a very big store for rations in which the farmerstilling the land of the Nawab deposited a part of the produce as tax. The storekeeper used to send that accumulated grain to the kitchen of the army. It wasalso the duty of the store-keeper to sell the surplus and deposit the money inthe government treasury. As such the work of the store-keeper was of greatresponsibility. The store-keeper used to get a part of the income from his salesevery month.
After taking over the work at the Modi Khana, Guru Nanak called BhaiMardana to him. It became their daily routine to rise early in the morning, bathein the Veiyeen river. sing the praises of the true Lord and then come to ModiKhana. Whoever came to buy from Guru Nanak. he would weigh in excess ratherthan short. He did not try to get more from the farmers who brought their produce.If a needy person or a holy man came to the store. Guru Nanak looked aftertheir needs. Even after dealing in this way, Guru Nanak saved something everymonth when accounting was done. Everyone who came to Modi Khana returnedhappy. Above all Nawab Daulat Khan was pleased with Guru Nanak for workinghonestly. Nobody complained to him about Guru Ji as was the case with theprevious store-keepers whose c01I).plaints of under and over weighing and fraudswere often received.
When someone came and asked Guru Nanak, "Nanak, we see you ftlling thebags of the poor with your own hands from Modi Khana. yet how is it that thereis no loss to it ?" Guru Nanak would reply thus. 'The Lord has given me the Jobofstore-keeper who has created these poor people. I accomplish this work treatingit as His own then how can there be a loss?"
25
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,.....C\I
Companion MardanaBha! Mardana was the companion who remained with Guru Nanak for full
forty-seven years. The bitter cold of the hills. the heat of the deserts. fear of wildanimals in the jungles. hunger and thirst in the lifeless wilderness or the loveof home did not deter him from keeping company with Guru Nanak. The truegUide freed him from the five vices namely lust. anger. greed. attachment andpride and instilled in him five virtues-truth. contentment. patience. compassionand faith. He was given the honour to be a saint and a brother to all.
Bhai Mardana was nine years older than Guru Nanak. His father was aMirasi Muslim by caste who did odd jobs in the village of Mir Badra. There wasno postal system of sending letters in those days. Mirasis used to perform thisduty. They took the messages of the village people to their relatives and broughtback their replies for them. The work of a Mirasi was of great importance. Theyhad to commtt everything to memory. Everybody believed what they said. Theycould stay in everybody's house and take meals from all. Those who used theirservices,had to look after them well for the sake of their honour. They were onthe move for most of the time and it had become their habit to bear the hardships
.of the way. As they moved alone. they made it a hobby to sing and playinstruments to amuse themselves. Being of high character was a great virtue inthem.
Besides having all the virtues of the clan. Bhai Mardana had a special assetin his ability to play the Rabab-a musical instrument on which he sang thehymns composed by Guru Nanak in nineteen different melodies. After leavinghis work as a store-keeper. Guru Nanak. realising his virtues. chose Bha!Mardana as his companion for his long journeys. In order to convey his messageto the populace who were going astray in the dark. they started on foot fromSul~pur to Lahore. On their way. both of them slept wherever they were atnightfall. At dawn both woke up and bathed. Bhai Mardana played his musicalinstrument and Guru Nanak recited a hymn in praise of God.
After the completion of the reCital. with the permission of Guru Nanak. Bha!Mardana went to the village nearby to fetch something to eat and drink. Thevillage folk gave some clothes to wear along with the food just as they used togive these things to other fakirs. Bhai Mardana tied the clothes in a bundle andbrought it to Guru Nanak. Guru Nanak saw the bundle of clothes with Bha!Mardana and said. "Bha! Mardana. distribute these clothes among the poor. Byamassing things offered as charity, one becomes greedy. A greedy man entangledby this urge can never do any good to mankind." Acting upon the command ofGuru Nanak. Bha! Mardana distributed among the poor all clothes and eatableswhich were surplus to their reqUirements.
28
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29
a:w~a:0-
w::::>a:~
True PrayerAfter Guru Nanak got employed as store-keeper at Sultanpur. Mool Chand.
a land official at Pakkhoke Randhawa. married his daughter. Bibi Sulakhanito him. Bibi Sulakhani started living with him at Sultanpur. She gave birth totwo sons namely SI1 Chand and Lakhmi Dass.
One day when Guru Nanak went to the I1ver Veiyeen to take his bath asusual, he did not come out. This happened in 1497 A.D. when Guru Nanak wastwenty-seven. After waiting for a long time, Bhai Mardana returned home andinformed Nawab Daulat Khan about Guru Nanak's disappearance in the I1ver.The Nawab sent his men to search for him but they could not find him eitherin the I1ver or outside nearby. The people of the city were much grieved at thedisappearance of their wise and honest store-keeper. On the third day after thishappening, somebody saw Guru Nanak sitting in the graveyard.
The news of Guru Nanak sitting in the graveyard also reached Nawab DaulatKhan. The head qazi (Islamic Magistrate) was also standing with him at that time.The Nawab took him along and reached the graveyard where Guru Nanak wassitting. They heard with their own ears, Guru Nanak saying, "Here nobody iseither a Hindu or a Muslim." They were struck with wonder. They said, "0 Nanak,if you don't feel any difference between Hindus and Muslims and you think allare created by one God, if you believe that in the court of God, decisions willbe made according to the good and bad deeds of each individual, then come withus to the mosque to perform prayer bestowed by God."
At the bidding of the Nawab. Guru Nanak went with them inside the mosque.All the devotees except Guru Nanak· began to perform the prayer. After thecompletion of the prayer, the Nawab asked Guru Nanak, 'Why did you not saythe prayer? Why did you keep standing silently when we were performing theprayer?" Guru Nanak replied. "Dear Nawab, whom wou~d have I joined in theprayer? Your mind was in Kandhar purchasing horses while your body was here."The Nawab said, "Nanak, if my mind was not present in the prayer, you shouldhaveJoined the qazi." Guru Nanak said, "Dear Nawab, the qazi's mind was lookingafter the newly born colt at home." Hearing this the qazi said, "Dear Nawab, Nanakis telling the truth. My mare had given birth to a calf this morning. Whileperforming the prayer, I was worrying that my colt might fall into the ditch andmight not be able to get out of the ditch on its own."
Guru Nanak said. "Dear qazi, only the prayer which is performed with themind and body fully concentrated, is accepted at the door of the Lord. PrayerspeIformed without full concentration of mind are self-deception and hypocI1sy."
31
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33
fllusion of RitualsStarting from Sultanpur, Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reached Lahore.
on the way showing the true path to the people of the vtllages. They stopped ata well outside Lahore to spend the night there. Early in the morning. bleatingof goats and cows started in the slaughter house near that well. Through thedin and noise of those animals, Guru Nanak heard the voices of Muslims recitingholy verses. Those voices were of those qazls Oslamic Magistrates) who werecutting the throats of the animals. By reciting the holy words, the qazis weremaking the meat of those animals rightful for the consumption of the public.
The qazis were paid for cutting the throats of animals after reciting the holywords. Guru Nanak did not like those murders being committed in the nameof God. God cannot be pleased by recitation of verses in this way. Those qazisweilding the knives had become pitiless persons. Who could stop those pitilesspersons committing cruelty in the name ofreligion? In order to show this injusticeto the other people. Guru Nanak recited the hymn: "In their ignorance. IslamicMagistrates of Lahore city were taking poison by committing tyranny on theanimals in the name of God. before the sunrise."
Hearing Guru Nanak's hymn, people gathered. around him. At the end ofthe recital. Duni Chand's men requested Guru Nanak to accompany them to hishouse. Acceding to their request, Guru Nanak went along with them.
Seeing much hustle and bustle in his house. Guru Nanak asked Duni Chand.'What is the special reason of this happiness in your house?" Duni Chandreplied, "Man of God, I am performing a feast in the name of my father as I doevery year. I am serving meals and giving money in charity to one hundredBrahmins. This meal served by me to these Brahmins,will reach my father whichwill satisfy his hunger for a whole year."
Guru Nanak gave Duni Chand a needle and said. "Duni Chand. keep thisneedle. I will take it back from you in the next world." Duni Chand said, "Holyman. you are joking. How can I take this needle with me to the next world ?"
Guru Nanak said, 'This is very easy. It is possible in the same way as theseBrahmins send the food to your father in the next world by eating themselvesin one day." Hearing the reply of Guru Nanak, Duni Chand came to understandthe delusion created by the Brahmins to fill their own stomachs.
Duni Chand inquired. "If these Brahmins cannot convey the food and richeshow can these be taken along?" Guru Nanak replied, "Money earned in a fairway, when shared with the needy and poor, goes directly with you to the nextworld. You do not require an intennediary to carry it along. Money earned byunfair means does not become right by worship, recitation and uttering the nameof God."
34
~ tIT~mr~~~~ f< jht3 , t?R a- }{T3T fu3T ~~ 38titl~ I
~ lMf~ t a-~ 9"el~~~ fW,{T~~ oTcrat~ *aT~~... ft ;:1-' '" ...~~ -... ...~_ "' ... ~ft~'l!-..~~"",~
~ t.re I 38'~iin "3'"~ q ~c;: S'CI~~ CifTOl:fTO H~~<:I ~, It1H Q 'l'It1-'.H1 'l'IH(I)'a'€
~ unl 9"el ri i ~ -e~~ '*~~~~ 3T tm i ulrF<e8' em~ a-~ -gel Hw~ fia,-,~~m m1-=mri i ~ f3))fT(J
qa a-~ tIT ~ omft mr to a-~ lfT<!~~ ctt3T 1~ tIT i fcfur, "9"el ri,~ -gel ua w l.lf.i3cr ~ I~ R tit ~ »fT I" 9"el ri crnr tIT ~ uq}f .}{o a-~~ l.fTR ~ ~I ~ tIT ~ ~~9"el~i-~ ~ fin fJRcit3~wfo))fi' fuci w to a- lfTW I~ lfT<! m 9"el~ i ~, "QJS tIT, Wt~mr~~~ >w toUT ml Wt mr cit~m7"~ tIT i ~~, "srm}1d€'f(i)')fT, fuu~~~~~~mft:«:sr 3 Wt~mr~mI fuu~~ lJ€'da i ~ Rii:,€i ~~ ~ I" ..
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~ gT(ft i ~~ Gtt3T1~ ens tIT ~ ~~~mr~ -gel JRt'~I~ tIT i fuu cffir a- m qa real, "l)fJft' 3T~ ut 1~~~~ cit ii:'R3' I"
~ gTCfr ~~~~~, QJS tIT9"el ri ~ ~ t a-~~mrYR are 1 }ffiQ" gT(ft i ~ OCU"'A mr~ tIT ~ fcfur, "~ fuci~~~ UfcJ~
~ lfT a-, Olij"'4li)fT~ aFet:tdl qa toUT ~ 1H"~Wt~~mr~ ftm mr~ l.r;) un I fuu l:fTe ~ 3 m ~ QO toUT 5' 7" crnr tIT i ~ gT(ft '*~
1:1 =- - -= =--gel,~ ulr mr 9"el ri ~ Jforl m a -gel~ l:fa ulr mr }ffiQ" gTCfr ~ taT- .a·fW,{T1 HW uli~~ qa a-~ 3T~~ for'~~ u'a-~~
mrit~ ~ -ij toUT mIcrnr tIT i iR' l:fa ulr~ lfflT )){}ftat~ qa a-~ 3Ttm f.i-ij'~~ '*~~ o;;rcr~I = -- . = =~ tIT i folUT, "~ ~ 9'ir,~~~ qa a- fucfot" Gtt3T llO~~
W;~ -e~~ I~ lPH' Wt~ fucfot" cit"3T llO, 1]0 aoo~ l.lf.i3cr mft'~ I~~ llO, :orcft'at ~ £to tit~~ I ? ~~~~~~
a- wi-~ t"' W ~mI reu H'~ HcilOl'd qa~ m?" reu~ cl~ gT(ft.. -~ ao Brwl
35
~.
'i
/iii
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\~
Honest LivingMer explaining some merits of truthful living at Lahore. Guru Nanak came
to Talwandi to see his parents. Taking pennission from them. he took BhaiMardana with him and embarked on a long journey to the Hindu sacred placesof pUgrimage. From Talwandi they reached Bhai LaIo's workshop at Saidpurwhich is now known as Aimanabad in Pakistan. Bhai LaIo was a carpenter ofGhataora caste who earned his living by honest labour. When Bhai LaIo saw twosaints coming towards him. he put aside the work in hand and laid a bed forthem. It was time for lunch so he went to prepare the meal.
Mer preparing the meal. Bhai LaIo requested Guru Nanak to come to thekitchen and eat his meal there. Guru Nanak said. "Bhai LaIo. every place is cleanand pure for us. Please bring the meal here." Bhai LaIo obeyed the commandof Guru Nanak and brought the meals to them. At the bidding of Guru Nanak.Bhai Mardana divided the meal into three parts and all ate it sitting together.After eating the meal, Bhai Mardana asked Guru Nanak, 'This meal tasted likenectar. What had been put in it ?" Guru Nanak replied, "Bhai Mardana, this wasthe taste of truthful earning which you tasted. This taste is above the taste ofworldly delicacies."
On the third day. when Guru Nanak started to leave, Bhai LaIo requestedGuru Nanak to stay on for a month. One day Malik Bhago, a high governmentofficial of the city, gave a general feast. He invited Guru Nanak to the feast. GuruNanak declined the invitation saying, 'We are fakirs. What have we to do withyour feast ?" On receiving the second request from Malik Bhago. Guru Nanaktook BhOO LaIo with him and went to Malik Bhago's residence. Malik Bhago saidto Guru Nanak in great anger, 'You are dishonouring Kshatris by eating drychapatles in the house of a low caste carpenter. I invited you to this feast whichoffers delicious food. Why are you refusing to eat this?"
In order to make Malik Bhago understand, Guru Nanak took Bhai LaIo'sdry chapatl in his right hand and Malik Bhago's fried sweet cake in his left hand.When he pressed the right hand fist pointing it towards the poor. people sawthat drops of milk of honest labour were dripping from it. When Guru Nanakpressed the fried sweet cake held in his left hand and pointed it towards therich, the onlookers saw blood trickling from it.
Guru Nanak said. "Look Malik Bhago. wealth accumulated by crueltytowards the poor is like sucking their blood. Money collected retained the bloodof the poor. You had invited me to partake of blood,leaving food pure as milk.How could I accept it 1" Hearing this Malik Bhago fell silent.
37
-aTO m~ tfH f,:fij- ftR~ ~f.tddli ~~ <fiaTT~mr~~-. - - . - -un 1~~~~ fci f;:m ~~ <fiaTT~~we (ju~W Rtiii!ddl~ aftfut"~ I QJS m*<fiaTT~~ u;;rat ul~~~~ rea(*)'(*) m-~ 1~*~~ am}~~~~"§ Hi.r ft.r3 ~»fTlI (*)ijlQe m~mr~arel
<fiaTT m rea(*)'(*) aero~, \fut~~~ lRT~~~ RO\ ~m* tli=H~lRl~ ~ qa fe3T1 ~~lRl~~qrs m~ l1&H~lRl
~~ ~ l@3'~~I~ NV Mi *Ma qa ~ ~m~~, "ri, ~~ ~ W }ffi'ffiiT(1) 73* fuu ~ ntit' lJ3T fci lRlllOlf~~~~ I" -aTO m
• - a: z - -=*lRl~ireqa~~Q<JO~~~,"~,fuulRl~~~~
~~ 7"~~ fe3T, "~ fuu ~ ntit' l.f3T fci wi fU30 etiii!Aa~ oft:R un,fffir:) ll'<!t ~ ~~ }{ij RO 1 l)fJft'~ ~ lRl~ ut I"
QJS;:it *~ RcJ~~~~, "~ flf30~ -a: fciol ~ uo 7"~~~, "~ -a: w,~~~ etiii!Aa~ oft:R un I" <us ;:it *fcmT,"ott fuu ~ijiiJi ~ lRl~~ Ytf~~ 7"~~fe3T,."~:p futitcffiR' un fci~~ lRl~~ Ytf~ ~ I~ tft fu"f"R ~ Wtft ~ I ttl)fJfl' UT<!l (I)T ~rile ot (ju~~ 3;:h;e aftfe' un I"
~m*~ fuu~Be~, at 3t;r 3t;r lRl tli:H~~~ qa fe3T1~ ri*QJg m~ fuo~,"~ tli:H~ lRl~~~ 7flSa ~~~-a: w~~ un I" QJg m*fcmT, "lia' fll3cJ~~ ntit' HCJ em w lia' lf3 tiWlrmr Htu ~~~~ em unl H' ~"§ lRl~ fauT uti"~~*fauT,"~
~~ ll'<!t tiWlr~ fcR= Yif J1ciRT ~ 7" QJg m~ fcmT, "tt ~ij liJ i~ ll'<!t~ }jtg~ fU30t cjg tft:r J1cW" ~ ot ott fuu HOT~ lRl ~ R }jtg~ ntit' tft:r
• - - a-
~ !" fffiy ~ QJg m~~ tft mw Ucrrel,~~ lJ3T !?or fapw fci tJut~BWwUT<!l tr:S~~ U~ ~, ~ lRl~~ fe3T w fffiy ~ mw m:ft' lrel(ju lRl~ "3Cf 'YOlJ~ fi"<:€ l)fT em un I
~~ UT<!l ir<:e~ Pi~ un fci~ ~~~ ~ lRl"k m fcmTlit (I)T fci~ ci5lRl~WI~~~ lRl k ~~~~ -a: ufuWQUoel~~ I fuR 3W~~ -a:~ (foe~ tJFI3 ntit' tt JrcreT I fAij;31~
~~ lPH mwol~ I~ U«J~ :emmtt~ ofu H"a"tft I~ U«J~ ilf m:ft'~ 1
fur ~ U«J 8SIi}~ 'Otft'~ I lRl~~~ lm3t~ <iCJ'(*) W BO cit3T fap,p-- - - = -E
lit w~~~ * fuR ~ lJl:fi1~~ fe3T1
39
A Happening at HaridwarGuru Nanak reached Hartdwar where Hindus say their last farewell to the
ashes of their dead in the river Ganges. They have a belief that the one whoseashes are put in the river Ganges,remains eternally in heaven. Guru Nanak sawthousands of men and women bathing in the river. He also took off his clothes,handed them to Bhai Mardana and descended into the river to bathe.
Those who were bathing in the river were throwing water with their handstowards the East. Guru Nanak started throwing water towards the West. Thosewho were throwing water towards tue East,were wonderstruck at seeing GuruNanak throwing water towards the West. One of them took courage and askedGuru Nanak, "Brother, are you a Hindu or a Muslim? Don't you know even thisthat water is thrown towards the East?" Guru Nanak stopped throwing waterand asked the questioner, "Brother, why is this water thrown towards the East ?"He replied, "Don't you know even this that our ancestors live in the abode ofgods? They died due to the lack of water. We give them water."
Guru Nanak again asked that person, "How far from Haridwar do yourancestors live?" He replied, 'They live even beyond the Sun, millions of milesaway." Guru Nanak said. "Does this water thrown by you reach them?" Hereplied, "Brahmins tell us that the water thrown by us does reach them. Theirthirst is quenched by our water. If we do not throw water they are tormentedby thirst."
Heartng this reply from him, Guru Nanak started throwing water towardsthe West vigorously. That man again asked Guru Nanak, 'Why do you throw watertowards the West when the ancestors live towards the East." Guru Nanak replied,"My ancestors are not dying of thirst but my fields in Punjab are drying due tolack of rain. I am watering them."
That man said, "How can this water thrown by you reach Punjab?" GuruNanak replied. "Ifwater thrown by you can reach your ancestors millions of milesaway. why can this water which I am throwing not reach a place two hundredmiles away?" Some of the listeners came to understand. what Guru Nanak said.They realised that the water which they were throwing,returned to the river. Somestopped throwing water but those who have not understood, continue throwingit towards the East to this day.
Those who throw water towards the East,have forgotten that originally theywere asked to offer water to the rising Sun and not towards the East. Peoplewho have to give water to the rising Sun, must get out of bed before sunrise.Anyone who wakes up before dawn,cannot be lazy. People who are active,areless likely to fall ill. Poverty is less likely to afflict them. They are free from wantand hunger. Their houses are free from quarrels. The custom of giving water wasstarted to shake off laziness but the greed of Brahmins turned it into hypocrisy.
40
vl1e" H'9'OT € I cr--
aTO tit l)fTW}f W m~ tnra Mi Rn wei ~ mr Nir~ I~ Nir~~-z - - - :&
ot~mr IT;:P j:{cT 3YtJT~~ Jft I~ em Jft Rn ~~~~~
O'3~urat~~~I~~lirem~m~~~Jft,
ftm m UCJ~~ nm~ Jft~ CJT'3 cfce m ~ m M' HOI~ Nirm ~~~ cit3'r~ Jft, "m CJTtit~~ fi:fw Ha' lire~ 1 Ft'liJS i
arul ~ lire~ H'~ lire~ MOii!idl' I" Nir~~ ycnf~~~ titlJf3~~ *~ lire ~ ftTdTl= -~Rn~lireulJftlaTOtit~~~m€hr~~acrtlA~1
m~TJ9=aero"3"lJfuW~=tit* QR6~, "g~~~emfa'aT~ij' 7"~~~~acrtl~~~~ljoJftI fuJJ~~W:t'~JftI N~ Jft fa'~~ W8"~~ lJfJftR+~~~~ Jft I~ Jt%J Jt%J enstit ~ t1lf ftTdT fa'~ fa'aT em~ Jft I QJS tit * ~, "))fJff :3cr' l)fo nullfT mre~ -ga~W'i~ fuuw:P" em~'e" ~ordid otit~ I"~~,"~~
~~ tfe'r ~, fuu H' otit~~ I"~ tit * ~, "~ ('iT "fif 1.f<J~
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aTO ;:ft ~ mue tnra~ * kUeil a i ~ lire -eol aoo1~ oro Mal "s kSleila i *-= - = III
m m~ cit 1R 0f0 ft!3T 1mr CJT'3~~ BUi" citS lIT tl, lit;}~ IN'O
~ ci~ ~ Hfu5~ -eol aero m forw I ijaleid * ~, ""k 7"~ * ~mu ftTdT, ""ijo\" ijaleid *~,~ * Him ~"ijo ~ ~I ~~ weft¥3T I~*~~ iTT ci cihi3l~~or'hl1)fT oro~ I ;:R"~~= •~~~ AA m~-oo tim m ~fu))iT Jftl~~~ *;:r~~~Jft,~~~ fWwl ~~ Jftl Jt9 ~~ tl~ lire ~~ fap)rrl~m~*~fa'~mclel-eolaero~Jftlfum"ijo~m= -
5q+ ~ 9 cOii! iQ <! i ~ 0f0 ft¥3'r I~ *;:R" :dJdTat ~ }iTO 'U'eT~ -at l)fTlf~ llTR
ur,;rcy ~ ci mue~, "H'"ijo u+ 1~ HW~ I recy kSleila i ~~~ I"~*~,
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~ Jft fa'~ ~~~~~ ~ m lfTl!~~ weal I~ * faur, "H'~ ~~~ 'SU3' lfR uT I H'~ Q'R(J }{l)f':6 0f0 ftTdT I~~~~ *
- - - z - z::I
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41
(
~
Truth, the Universal CureOn his journey to Assam, one day Guru Nanak reached a village of Dhaka.
A well-known landlord named Bhoomiya lived in that village. His work consistedof robbing wayfarers in the day and breaking into other people's houses at night.He ran a free kitchen in his house for travellers, in which meals were availableall day long and the travellers could spend the night in the inn specially builtfor them. He had ordered everyone in the village, "Send the traveller who comesto the village, straight to my house. I will rob the house of the person who triesto disobey me." Obeying his order, the villagers sent Guru Nanak to his house.
That day Bhoomiya was at home. He prepared the meal and brought it toGuru Nanak and Bhai Mardana. Before starting to eat the meal, Guru Nanakasked, "Brother, how do you earn your living?" In his opinion, it was a greatbenefaction to steal and give charity. Bhoomiya thought this to be a service tomankind. He had the belief that stolen wealth becomes legitimate by the blessingof others. He told Guru Nanak the truth about what he was doing. Guru Nanaksaid, 'We cannot eat your meals unless you give us a promise to give up thisevil work."
He said, "Stealing is my hereditary profession. I cannot give it up." GuruNanak said, "Do not leave stealing if you wish but agree to these three things;(1) Do not rob the poor. (2) Always speak the truth. (3) Do not deceive or stealfrom the person ofwhose salt you have tasted." On his agreeing to the conditions,Guru Nanak accepted his meals.
In accordance with the word given to Guru Nanak, Bhoomiya gave upbreaking into the houses of the poor and stopped robbing the poor. One night,dressing himself elegantly and riding a horse, he went to his Raja's palace tosteal. The watchman asked, 'Who are you ?" Bhoomiya spoke the truth, 'Thief."The watchman took it as a joke and allowed him to move on. Bhoomiya wentinside the palace and collected precious things. When he was ready to move, hesaw a gold plate containing something. While lifting the plate, he tasted what itcontained. That was salt. Leaving everything there, Bhoomiya returned home.
The next day, the Raja observed that someone had tried to commit a theft.To find out the thief, he began beating up people. When Bhoomiya saw poorinnocent people being beaten, he presented himself before the Raja and said,"I am your thief. Please punish me and leave the poor people alone." The Rajaasked, 'Why did you not take anything away?" Bhoomiya narrated how GuruNanak had made him believe that all his sins would be pardoned by acting uponhis advice.
The Raja said, "I am very pleased with you for speaking the truth. I havepardoned your sins. I am ready to keep a truthful person like you as my minister."
A truthful person is pardoned of his sins.
43
CH9 (I)T(I)Q~ tft tidl(i)(i)itl (QalRi) kii~~ fun # I~ fun~ 3lOli~ (i)iJiQ<! -er Hw~~mI (fuR~ l)ffltITO~~~ reva- 84~~Ha'3l ~ fi:m' -er (liT tidl(i)(i) itI ~ I \)(J~ fuf HCJ3l *Otr~ 'dlf ci~~~• - z = - •~ I)~~~ l{flftl oft3'r~ m,"~~ Otr ~ l«Jle ti% l){T ci~QR~
~ flmcnll" rn~~ e iiJf@i(i) urcJ-uPC~ Qd' ci Otr ~ 1h5" mffir~~
ffi') I
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;:IT,~~ Qd' ci fcm -er fu>,{To~~,~ fq lf03l~~~ lrel ~ ?"~~R'3T, "~ ~ iffi Qd' ci m ~ nt:fO~ -\10 I fuR w *~ iffi~ ut I"
fuR -aw -er~~ ci~~ Ra ~ Qd'~ I cus ;:IT ~ .~ l)fcjf~~
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~~ ~~ m:ra OT "fTl!t I~~ gdMlQ<! i~ Qd' Wa'r I QJS ;:IT ~ fauT, "9CJT3
;:IT, k~~otft'l~~ire- eta'~~~ fq ~iJ'iS1 ~m~1~
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reva-lJCJHT3)fT -er fm.rcJo Qd' 1l.fcJHT3W -er w"l)fTRdT~ IlfOOl-er JOT l)fTRdT" I"~~~ " .....'\:. _. . . ~ .,,, ~ .... ~ "ft . ~J' ~ ~(') IClUJ , , ;:r H ~ OT SMldl' 3'"~ ICll q r <ug t11 '(I)' ICllO', ~ 3'" Ol \.lei 111 ICll
~~~ Qd' ci m ~ nt:fO~ \10 tid"~ lJCJHT3)fT otrcJ otft'~ FtiiJa i
R9 ~~ crcRT ~I ~ 3i; ~~ *~I ~ va f3lWaT ~I"- = = = ::~~ oro ;:IT -er fcfvr Ho ci HCJ3l ua "fk ftT3l~ l.fcJHT3W ~ CJTC!" dl' Q<!~ I... -a _ - - -
fuR UlC7)T mr ft:m:) ur,;ra FlO~~~~ UH M ~ Qd' W3' I~~~
cm3'~,~~~ tre~~ ci ~ul9VOT 9V~ Qd'~I fuR-aw~~ -er fogT lfOOl "3' fuot ul, ~~ ~ qJC!"~~~~ fulW I QR~
row ~ arel fq i5~~~ oml wWW *~w~~~ ~ fi:m'~= =-
~ ~~ oft3'r ~I ~m ~ ci ~ fRo~ -er"&it W9 null
45
One Creator One SustainerGuru Nanak reached Jagan Nath in Olissa. On the day of full moon,a fair
was held at that place of worship and people could bathe in the sacred water.(At that holy place, an eighty-four feet high statue of Krtshna called Jagan Nathis taken in a procession on a chanot every year). Brahmins had taught thatwhoever dies under the wheels of the chanot,will attain salvation. In those days,many desirous of salvation would give away their home and hearth and end theirlives under the wheels.
In the fair, Guru Nanak beheld a Brahmin who was sitting before an idolcrosslegged,with eyes closed and rosary in his hand. Guru Nanak asked him,"0 holy man, on whom are you meditating with closed eyes when the idol is beforeyou ?" He replied, "I behold the three worlds when I close my eyes. That is why1 do it." Giving this reply. he again closed his eyes. Guru Nanak lifted the idolto whom people were offeling money and placed it behind him. When the Brahminopened his eyes he did not see the idol. He started raising hue and cry.
Guru Nanak said, "0 holy man, there is no need to cry. Close your eyes andsee where your idol is, as you can see the three worlds on closing your eyes."The Brahmin said, "I was making my living with the help of the idol. When Iclose my eyes I see nothing, let alone the three worlds." Guru Nanak said, "Itis your second mistake to think that the idol sustained you. It is God who providesfor you. The idol can neither give you bread nor take it away. The worship ofidols, bathing at holy places and other pretensions are of no use. Meditate upononly one God. God is the only true protection. Leave the false dependence onthe idol". The Brahmin said, "From where shall I eat if I do not tell lies ?" GuruNanak said, ''You were saying that you could behold three worlds on closing youreyes but don't you see the God who is the sustainer of all. He will give to youalso. Please shun falsehood."
The Brahmin acting upon Guru Nanak's advice, threw away the idol andbegan to sing praises of God. Those, who were witness to this happening beganto place money before the Brahmin. Everyone who passed that way, offeredsomething on seeing money lying before the Brahmin. In this way the Brahminbegan to survive without the idol by singing the praises of the Lord. He cameto understand that there is no need of false pretence. The sustainer who hascreated all, provides for them to eat. There is no use in following falsehood andworrying about false notions.
46
fuu~ fe7r' mUfCOT ~ ~ ~ tft~ grit }1de l (i)1~~~ rea-~~w em JfO I~~m~~m 18lot ait m (I)\if JfO,~ t'l1(i)Ci#d i
~ fi:ra'To w~w ~ dlf.tld l m JfO I~mw lJtP)fi" ~~~ ltdtJ- - .~ JfOI ~~~ -e- fun~~~ lfTC~~ OT lWl ~~ 3<JT ~~ CD9 tft ~ me ~, "m l.fTif fuu ilf HU"'CJ (I)\if ~, fuR ~ ait feM' t'I ~ I H"~~ ut I" cug tft ~~ ~ titcJ;:{~ fQur, "H=~ 3ij'~ ut,~ mlQ Cia I "fcit~ ut I ait m »fT t'I i ~dl' ~ W ilc sa ~ l:fT -m I" grit~ -&' fauT ""3lff, . - , -~ g& I 'H' "fa) m ait lfle~~~ ut I"~ tft ~ fauT, "grit }1deif(i)'JfT,~.Jl......- ~~ ... ft...... -a-t:-. fi v ~ .... ~~4-..~I~~ t1al~ lIY3' !!~q ~ u 1?}fO~~I al~ ll:!oc8' W 0(~ t'l1Ci# dl' ",~ ~al U'<i'i 01'1
ait~ t'l1(i)Ci#d \it~ ~ ~ l:fT~~ I" grit~ -&' QJ9 tft mfuu fJ:ffipw
l)teBel Cia Ral~ gv ~?O fwJfTlgrit }1de l (i)1 lfle m n ~~ ti' ~ ~ ll' fa"p)fT,~ grit~ *- - ~
~ ~~ iiSt m If;p Cia~I i'iT W~ m, ftm ~ ~ cnrr~0'Ul W ~»fT~ ~ QH~ ~ ~ l:fT ~I ~ tft ~ JrH"~ ffiJTW~ afue~m ~ OT HiJ1d.e ~~ If<!~ JfO I ftm l)fTi!}{t ~ Mi~~~
}{TH ~~~ fi;p)fT ~~ l)fTi!}{t ~ HTJJ HCi# 1e1 ffin<!~~ ~ I~~ ~
~~~~}{TH~uol(ffiJtft-&'ti~ri'~3'~~-. 11:-mI~ grit }1de l (i)1 ~~~ OT~~ CffiJ tft tlH*~~ iimm
- - -z -. -
l.fTH Yii are I
CBS tft ~~ fci~~ 91lft }1de ' (i)1~~mI fi!cf wR~ amf ~
favT mI i'iT~ amf em;- m fur~ 'k fcww mI grel~ -&' CfJS ;:it ~ tR'~ l.fTH~~ lIY3~~ I~~m~ lSH ~ onft I~ ~ lifCftn »fT
fcww fci CD9 tft, fffiY ~~ ti l.fTif~ fi;p)fT,~ QH& ftf~ (I)\if }(O(') ftffll~ ~ tft OT~~~ ~ l:fT ter ml
t»"'aal»ft g ~~ u ~ ~ ora tft *m urR lS~ 0+ fuR' tiV~- -.. - -F~~~~~~~~I~~~ t(f8ij' l$T ~onftl
~~ 3lreT~~~ fa"p)fT I~~~~ 1lli' ti -&' CfJS tft ~~~»fT Hm l:lfcpw~~ "AA~ QO~ Iml.fTif~~ onft I" (ffiJ tft -&'~ "l)fJff, ~ - - -. ,-aa urR~ l.ftW ~ ltiQ Cia ~ ~ \it 3'0(1)~ ut I 3al~~m~iiJiQe~ ut I" fuu Be ~ fir~ I QJ9 tft~ 91lft~m jffiT;~ l{ttraoo ~I ~ }1de l (i)1 fim~~~ m, ti -&' ~~~~ fi9wofu»fT 1
47
Kauda the CannibalThis is the happening of those days when Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana
were passing through a forest in Andhra Pradesh. The people who inhabited thatjungle in those days,were not doing any farming but lived by hunting wild animalsand eating wild fruits. Instead of clothes they covered their bodies with animalskins. Bhai Mardana could not find anything to eat for two days in that jungle.Tormented by hunger, Bhai Mardana said to Guru Nanak, "I cannot bear thishunger. Please do something about it. I am dying." Guru Nanak consoled himand said, "I am also with you. Have some patience. Let us move on. We shallreach some village. There you may eat to your flll." Bhai Mardana said, 'You stayhere. I shall look for some fruit to eat." Guru Nanak said, "TIus jungle is fullof deceptions. Stay with me. You will lose your way if you go alone and facetroubles. Some wild animal may catch you and eat you up."
Bhai Mardana paid no heed to the advice of Guru Nanak and went on tofind something. While searching for something to eat, Bhai Mardana fell into thehands of Kauda. He tied Bhai Mardana up and made him stand still in his hut.This Kauda was a cannibal and if a child or a traveller who had lost his wayfell into his hands, he used to fry and eat him. In the time of Guru Nanak, peopleliving in the jungles sometimes became cannibals due to hunger. The man whohas tasted human flesh once,develops a taste for it. Then cannibals like Kaudaalways seek human flesh. Guru Nanak had heard about this cannibal Kaudafrom others. When Bhai Mardana did not return for sometime, Guru Nanakstarted a search and reached Kauda's hut.
Guru Nanak saw that Bhai Mardana was tied up in the hut. Oil was beingheated on one side. Kauda had gone to fetch more wood to heat the oil. WhenBhai Mardana saw Guru Nanak, he was very pleased. His hunger for foodvanished. He was convinced that Guru Nanak who had saved him from Kauda,would not let him die of hunger. Had Guru Nanak not arrived, Kauda would haveeaten Bhai Mardana.
When Kauda returned with the wood and saw Guru Nanak standing nearthe hut, the bundle of the wood fell from his hands and he ran to free BhaiMardana. In a few moments the fire below the big pan was extinguished. Thehot oil went cold. After untying Bhai Mardana, Kauda came to Guru Nanak andplaced his head at his feet and said, "Please pardon me. I have committed amistake." Guru Nanak said, 'We have travelled hundreds of miles to come to youand show you the way. We have come to rid you of this habit of cannibalism."Hearing this, Kauda rose up and started to arrange the meals for Guru Nanakand Bhai Mardana. In no time, Kauda placed before them the food for whichBhai Mardana was dying.
49
crnr;:it~~ Hd€I(*)1 adaF.l3d 3tM fc:ij' l.ffi" ft:ffl fcm mi' HiJlj1d3~*~-= - - -mI~ fun~~~mI~m ~ -&} -a: lIY3 8ctt reJ:l(*)i(*) QCJO m ~W HOI m~~~~~~ itt ml ~;:it ~~ Hd€i(*)1 rea-~vt~wte5l~~~~~mmfa"~~~*~Q
QO~ I~*~ cft3 1.J11li"~ 9'0 -e<r QCJO m ~w trcT QO~ I "8'a+c -.
~~ (*)iJIQ~1 ~ QO ~I reu go}{ ~))fT faut" ft fa";l~~~mr reJ:l(i)I(*) ~, ~ ~ -at~m ll'll tt3' w-e- un, fuT lRl~ J«fta ~~<ire ii3'T~ ft I lfTllT ~ <ire lie ~ »1Fi8'til ,~~~~~ itraft HO,
ft1cY llfu'W~ fcm~~ rea-~ "3Q m:ft' W3T mI
~ ;:it tes- fuu 3H'W fuf afr m fa"~~~ ;:r(J8 CJTfu * ~ ;:it~ fia'fHoar ~ ~~ ott3l, "9aT3 ;:ft, Ha lPH~~ mr~ QCJO m reu fHoar tit ftf;:m ~ If m ~ fi:rQTO oftaT mI reu ))fTl.l Acila Id cfij I" crnr ;:ft ~ cmre~~-= -
~ *l){ar tmT ~ fa11e m ~ W3T I~ tre' "ffir~~~ -at n n QJ9 ;:ft lM{ ))fT ~ cmre ~, "~ ~
mr rn l){ar m:ft' tmT~ I "ffir tiMIQ~I~~ ll'll ft I rn~ lla"lft m:ft' W
~I fuJi~mr~titoftaT W~~I" oro~*~, "fuJi~m
~wcit~ ~?"~~*~~, "fuR~fHoar~WR~ ftl"?)TO reu 'He ~ fur ~~~ I
= - -<us;:ft *~~~~~~, "iR~~ va QCJO m gv lJalQ~i
ll'll m:ft' I !O~~~ "5at ~~ llTlJ ~ I~~, lPlit~ ll'll~~~
~~~ ~ feW~ ~~ ~ fti<Y ~ reu ~ m:ft' ll3T fa" WR cit ft I Hi', WR ~ waJ«fta un I \Ji1~ lf9 WR tit ft I WR, }ffl titlfTeT ~ I }ffl tit }ffl urcr~~ t~ft I m FaJ:l3€'d WR tit un I~~ ~ yen{ ~ mw ~ ~ -at fap,rro~ ft fa"WR cit ftl fuu~ WOT~~ 7; ll3T Odl fa" WOT ~ WR ftl~ WR ftl. ,lfTUO ~ }ffl ~~ QCJO ri" QT3' ~ QA6 fu>wo~ un I fl' }ffl tit un ft:«nl}{TOT flaT ~ }ffl -a:~ un I "ro, Ql.lTU l)f1fu lf9 }ffl tit un I ;l reu lf9 gv~~ lJFiJ(i)~ i ~~ -at 1 WR itfipw I ft:«Y 1Mr ~ ~~ ~, ~ 3a ftm"ra }fTR
~~~~~, -at ~ ~ 1Mr~ k crao~~ ti';@'dl' I"
~ ;:ft ~ reu lmO Be ~~~ ri" lf9~ QO are I~~ w:"lr (I)T~ I
~ ;:ft *"faT fur~, "fcm~~W.fmaT Odll~ recr-~~mciao~~ I fuJi l.Rl~ reJ:l(*)I(*) QCJO~ W~ 7;~ QCJO~ fcm ~
" =llTlJ -e<r~~ 1~~ fm1cro tit l.(Tll ii~~ I"
= -
51
Solar EclipseGuru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reached the holy place ofKurukshetra where
the war of Mahabharat had been fought. That was the day of solar eclipse, sopeople had come in large numbers from far and near for a holy dip. On everyside people were waiting for the eclipse to start. Guru Nanak and Bha! Mardanachose an open place and sat there. No sooner had the eclipse begun than groupsof beggars started asking for alms. The rich started to give charity to makeamends for their sins. People started bathing in the river. This fallacy is in voguethat if anybody bathes and gives alms at the time of the eclipse, all his sins arewashed away in the same way as dust is washed from the body with water. Thosedesirous of washing away their sins were heaping money on the hands ofBrahmins even though they had not given a single paisa to the poor before.
Guru Nanak was sitting and watching this show when Jagat Rai. the pnnceofHansi state, placed a deer before him and requested, "Holy man, I have nothingfor charity at this auspicious time except this deer which I hunted on my way.Please accept this." At Guru Nanak's bidding, Bhai Mardana lit a fire and placedthe deer on it to cook.
When Brahmins saw the smoke. they came running to Guru Nanak and said,"No one can light a fire at this auspicious time. It is a great sin to light a fire.Nothing can be cooked. Only charity can be given at this time." Nanu Brahminsaid, 'What have you placed in this pan to cook ?" Bhai Mardana said, ''This isthe meat of a deer." Nanu was still more angry on hearing it.
Guru Nanak told those who were raising a hue and cry, "It is not a sin tocook something to satisfy hungry stomach. It is a sin to rob innocent people bytelllng lies. Tell me how the sins ofa sinner can be washed away by giving charityto sinners like you who do not know what meat is. Listen, all bodies consist offlesh. Flesh eats flesh. Flesh marries flesh and brings her home. All the relativesare flesh. When you realise the word of the Lord. you gain the knowledge ofwhatmeat is. These foolish vegetarians do not understand that vegetables are alsomeat. Woman is also flesh. Those who decry meat, make love to it at night.Children are also flesh which take shape out of the flesh of their parents. Grain,cotton etcetera are all flesh. Ifyou give up eating and wearing all these then youhave given up meat. Those from whom you accept charity, according to yourreckoning, w1ll go to hell for eating meat while you will go to hell for acceptingcharity from them."
Hearing these words from Guru Nanak. all those who were raising a hueand cry became silent. Guru Nanak further told thein. "No god is under threat.Eclipse are caused by the movements of the planets. Nobody's sins are washedaway by bathing in this water and giving charity to these Brahmins. Onlyremembering and keeping God in mind can wash away sins."
52
~ itt "s srel Hd€i(')1~ Vtft Q€lm m:r~ BfucJ # I~~fQ~ R ~~~ W'~-W~ fuur lit I Y'&e~~_~fQ tita mfW QfJlm Bfua ~~~m ~~~ifcj-~-RlT~~ mr l.{fJftr cftaT~litfQ~w'8lfeo~~mr~afua-~~~~~~3Ci
~ ntiT~ I w'8l funt fUT~~ He~ lfTUO F(i)ccMdl' ~ WCJT sfud'~~
""I.edl' 1
CU9 itt *srel~~~ l.(TR~~ it~~~~~Ilitcr ~
~ *srel~~~ 3Ci~ tit (I)T W3t' I~ -as~~ itt *~ dl'fe(')~ ern~, ftm~ \ito W'~~ faT))fT1 ~~~~~~~
~ W' gfa))fT~ \ito lfTUO focm~ lH3'~ itt ~~ lfcw, "~~ ntiTcit'3T I AA fu'R F.Jfuo *:ami~ -as =act 1Ww I fu'R BfucJ mr 'RS vc5"~ un I ~~ ~.'Ro*feCCdid abfT lit fQ R If~ lMf QR~ Y3G g ~.~~ Yao, licit~m Hij ia' 7liJ~ I H' QH~ ~ lMr Yao g~ I~~ Y3a "k -as~farw ~ I WCJT l:Jfua~~~~ I Hij~ cffi~ ntiT~ ftm *~*J:RT tMf lf30 A a-~ I".. - -
CU9 itt*uta ~ fcmr, "fuu 3T l)fTlJt yi' tit~~ ut fQ cffi Bfucr ffi W ~~ w ntiT I" CUS itt *~~~ -e UR ~ a- fcmr, "lPiJT(J~ fief ~ ~ n~~ UR W'~ A l)fT I" grit }1d€I(')1 -e UR Aa- wwo~ ua~~ fta' -Q-R
= -w ~ lX3' Mer~ w !O~ lfcw 1 'RS ~CCI(')€id srel~~~ mw a- "raJ3a"k 1 Yi:w ylgeT t?u~~~;ft~~ Yw I~ -e UR g a-~ cclOdlii
~mlf~, "HHle i JO ~}f(J(I)T ~I"
srel~*~~ CDS itt ~ l)fT a- ~~ 1 CU9 itt*~~ titer ~ Wf1'a- fquT, "fu'R F.Jfuo R;:r~ ~~ un I~ ~~~~mI" titer *fcmr,"~ itt, fuu~~ a'ftR un l((J em! mit I H"~ fuQt ~~---B~ fi9HT ~,~
~ ~ ~I" CDS ittl* fuu~ a-~~ ~ R ~ w1Ww~~~, "1~~ fer:~ mr ~ I R~ liI<ittn ~ 3T ~ UlO-l('O D a- -reF(titer ~ ~_ fftl)fT a-~ tIT I tm "i~ ~ *<us itt w fcmr }j(I)~ I~Hs gv~~ itua- lito itt ;ft~ f.~ UTBO ~ faPW I~~ *~ hr mrJri.'O~~ i... -
\ito~~~T 1~ WCJT :cUW Ww fuur~~-JJfua~~~
lit I JffiJo~ cit af.c:cca ~ a-~~ urcrt *~ ore I ...~ itt*titertl~' "~l:ST~~ 1~~m ~ ntiT Hs;ft 1~
W tmf ~~ U7cnr~~ 1f;fij' 3Ci ~~~W'-sw~ 1HO mr~- - -, ..w ~ aao w~~ nul~~3'Ji€i I"
53
\
-~\
I~
Death Eats up AllDuring his second journey, Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reached Sialkot
city now in Pakistan. They saw that people were raising a hue and cry near ahennitage. On inquiry, they came to know that Ptr Hamza Gaus was praying toGod for the destruction of the whole city. He had made it known among the peoplethat he would shut himself in his dome for forty <;lays, observe a fast and wouldnot see even the light of the Sun. Mer forty days of fasting, he would come outof the dome and the whole city would sink.
Guru Nanak sent Bhai Mardana to him to persuade him to give up hisobstinacy. The disciples of Pir Hamza Gaus did not allow Bhai Mardana to seehim. Then Guru Nanak' started singing a hymn and the dome cracked. Seeingthe sunlight he came out of his dome enraged and said to Guru Nanak, 'Youhave not done well. You have stopped me from destroying this city. This city isinhabited by liars. A rich man had promised me that if I got a son for him fromGod, he would leave him at my hermitage for my service. I fulftlled his wish. Nowhe has backed away from his word. Nobody pays any heed to me although I gothim the son from God. All the city sympathises with him."
Guru Nanak said, 'We can test just now if any truthful person lives in thecity or not." Guru Nanak gave Bhat Mardana two paisas and said, "Please bringone paisa worth of truth and one paisa worth of falsehood from the market." BhaiMardana went from one shop to another asking for one paisa worth of truth andone paise worth of falsehood. The shopkeepers thought Bhai Mardana was outof mind and bade him move on. Eventually he reached the shop of Mool ChandKhatri. He took the paisas and wrote on a paper "Life is falsehood and deathis the truth."
Bhai Mardana came back with the paper. Guru Nanak showed the paperto Pir Harnza Gaus and said, 'There are truthful persons in this city. To destroythem would have been a sin." He said, "Holy man, they say but they do not act.You may also ascertain this for yourself." Hearing this, Guru Nanak called MoolChand to the hennitage and &aid to him, 'You have written that death is the truth.If you believe it, then leave hearth and home and come here to serve P1r HarnzaGaus." Mool Chand agreed to what Guru Nanak said. He handed over his homeand belongings to his sons and presented himself for the service of P1r HarnzaGaus. ThePir was v~ry.pleased to see Mool Chand at his service. All his angeragainst the people of the city vanished. The people of the city also went awayto their homes relieved.
Guru Nanak made Pir Harnza Gaus understand, "God is great. You shouldnot resist him. It is the duty of holy men to accept His will. They should do goodas far as possible. One should not even think of harming God's creation.
55
w~wa:a..::JenenII::Ja:I-
~ tit~~~~ t ~ BHo l«Jll3~~~~ ifH, f;:fflfifq~ tlaft~ rfiif~~~ tcs- }1<1) I~ fm:rt~~~~
mfa ~ ~"3'~ fa\JT tR 3T wWw~ Hu tc~ ~I wWw ~ Hu tc~~~-HOO ~ cJr;J~~~ I~m~ »fTl1 ~ ;:raT Rei@i~re RO I
fuR' W ~~~ oul ddi@iQ·e }1<1) I~~ fuu F'i!J:ti@'R mfa~ ddi@'Qem~, l.f3l ~ wWw t?~ fW iW Mft ~ ftm~~Fzr~~I
~ tld.ii5'ol~~ mY~ ~~~mI~ l)teFil8 m fW~ t'lI(i)i@d i ~~ JRT~ aftkr mI fi:fu,~ tit~ 9'it~~~ ci l@3'
~W I~~ aW', "~ Jri UTR~~~ 7 fucy~~ 3T fRtitl,{t
t?~ tit~ w~~I" ~ tit *~~, "l)fFft' Jfu ~))fTJW t ii~l.JQ<8 ut I"
~ fm:rt fW~~Wi W-~m, ft:I1l*~ 0Ttl5 ii~~~mI~ ~ CU9 tit t?~~ mw OT trel; ForQTor ~~ Jfu WOO OT al3T tR',Jfu ~ mw~ tre fa ~ cit ~I ~*~ tit ~ HWU R3l, "0'0Ci, ~ ~ Ha~ant fW~~ ii tfua+ lIT g, fircJ tfOT g, m:f3O~ t?,~mta ~ }ffi(!
~ W ~~ ~~ wa ~I fuR' 3W 3al 0T3l~I" ~ tit *QRO~~,"~ 0Ttl~, UlO~ lJO~~~ HO~~ nul drel ftm QTCJO ~
fuu~ml~~~~~fop,r-onul~,~mwnultrel,~~
oul~ I"~*~~ fu>ww ~ tit "faT ao ii fa\JT, "0'0Ci, fuu tit,~~~~W,3al~~~~t?m~~W<!I"~tit*~~,
"~ t?~*fuR' vol~~~ nul I fut* JRT OT}{~ OW aftkr ~ Ffl~=i~z • - = -
t? ~ ~ ad81.iil i l:SH ao~ ~I"
illdtlal ~~ fu!" m llurcJ (I)Tli *~, "0'0Ci, ~ fau;jt tfcJT3"~ arH
~,fcmfi@"dt~wWw~Hu~,fcm~~~~~~~
~~ nul~ 7" ~ tit *~~,"~~ Jfu ~ fop,r-o~ 3T arHetR fW ~ ftww I l.JOHT3}{T t?~~~ wWw ~ Hu ~ fa\JT, HO W3' ~ftww~~ l:SH ~ ftww I H3+ ~ iIoT3 aoo~ "8g Wll 5 ftww I~~~
JreT~ dlfe~ H3' ~ ao ~ ~ fup,fr I"=
(ffiJ tit *~ fWw fa fm:rt t? Hot~~~~~ oul fuft N ~~
~-~~~~~ fW ms- tfu-ad81.iil i R~'de }1<1) I~fW~ii, ~"3'~ afu -&, ~ l& ~ ~~ w~m~ fa ~~~~fW~~1 --
57
Truth is SupremeTaking Bhai Mardana along. Guru Nanak reached the high peaks of the
Shivalik mountains where saints and yogis were passing their lives afterrenouncing the world. Those saints and yogis had a belief that the love for worldlyobjects will cease if one lives in an uninhabited area. By overcoming the desireto possess worldly material. one can overcome reincarnation. They calledthemselves celibate and did not get married. They also believed that aftermarriage. the wife entangles the husband in the net of worldly objects and hisescape from it is impossible.
It was difficult for everyone to reach those snow-clad mountains. There wasalways the danger of wild animals. The yogis were filled with wonder on seeingGuru Nanak and Bhai Mardana. They questioned. "How have you come to us ?One can reach these h1lls only with the help of supernatural powers." Guru Nanakreplied. 'We have reached here with the knowledge of the Truth."
Among those yogis was Bharthart. a disciple of Gorakh. who had renouncedhis kingdom and adopted yoga. He did not grasp the meaning of what GuruNanak said because as long as one does not adopt truth as one's way of life.how can one understand what the Truth is. He advised Guru Nanak. 'You alsopierce your ears like me and put on ear-rings. shave your head. discard yourclothes. smear your body with ash and adopt Gorakh as your spiritual gUide.then you will attain salvation."
Guru Nanak replied. 'You renounced your kingdom. left your home but havenot been able to get rid of your ego for which you have done all this apparentdisplay. You have not realised the Truth and have not understood it yet."Bharthart offered a bowl of cannabis to Guru Nanak and said. "Nan~. drinkit so that you may be free from hunger and thirst. Your mind may concentrateand all the woes of the world be forgotten." Guru Nanak replied. "One who tradesin the liuth,does not require this drug. He is always intoxicated by the Namewhich destroys pains and sorrows of the world."
Mer Bharthart was satisfied. Sanghar Nath asked. 'What were the meansby which you got rid of lust? In which way did you give up the love of worldlyobJects? How did you master anger and why does pride not bother you 1" GuruNanak replied. 'When I gained the knowledge of Truth. I overcame lust. WhenI started singing the praises of God. love of worldly materials left me and mymind attained peace and anger vanished. The company of holy men made thegreed to flee. The fear of death left me when I perceived the Lord always in mymind."
Guru Nanak saw that the impurity of ego had not left the minds of the yogisthough they had renounced the world and were tolerating the pains andhardships of the hills far away from human. How could yogiS see the light ofTruth away from the creation when God resides in it ?
58
qJg;:it~~ Hd€'(*)',~ 3'~ ~~~~ f.Jfua ~I omT ke~~~ <fiT'~~ UlO~ I IDf ii reu jaT~ <m3'~~~))f'OT}(m ij(!ii:' Fe1)fT~mI tm jij'~ UCJ rea*ofu<t" m w~ If'<!"~ ii:Jo"~- '"m, crul R ~~ W~, fcm 0"8" &'it For:3ad' oul mI fuf ~ ~ fl kerea ll'R~~ llW QdO m~~~ ll'R~m liJit3' ijC!~'el mititt, w fun=ke~ri efta llT ci ww~~m~~ are~~~grg~mI fuR~~~ ci~~ UCJ~ 'M'5T,~ Qfu ci gMlgo€, mI~
~ 0T}f~ *~ fur))fT mI~ el tMn <MIT mf;:m~~ mrea+ ll'H'~:: - - :II:
adii:'(J°€' mI~~~ t?" rea fur lTe'r~~mFtiR€'~ FiJ"A€'d i
3' fuot fur fcrit ~ fa'p,fTO oul mI ~ CP3 <lJii'd(*)~~~ wa ci,~~WIJT ~~ Be ftitrr m~~ ~ W?? UIDf QO~ JITI
ora ;:it *~ ci~~ 8d,'fe1)fT fa' ora ;:it~~ J1<I) I~ ora itt~-:::I -= - -= - -:I:
~~ el~~ ctt3l1 ~ itt ~ Hot~~ri HOI~ ll'H' fau:ittft;;r aNt d'fu mret mI ora tit ii QRellJff'~~ ad33 i~~ 0"8"- -= - = -im-W8" 3'~~ I F.fT}f t" lRT If'<!" ruT ffi:rc!" ii~ itt ~ ioal ctt3l, "~ ihritt,~~ ci»o,fTOTH~iT~, CP3 CAl ~ areT ~I ~ itt ii fa'uT,"~ ~,l)fJff fi<i mre ~}fT5Ofel (iR33~~ ci~I"~~ 0tJTlf ~ti'(iel Qottal~ ora itt i~ mre ~ Q~idC! Bd'~:-= --.~ c1QT r~MClIC!1 liiflK qlMal MB'II
~ Bfo n~ R~~ fa1J II -Cl'q[ ucR, l/nr 729
~~~ "fR' ora tit ~ fuR mre el~ lrel ~ tm *~ fa' fiW QTO-a - :II: -.
;:it ~ ~ el war CMift adi13 ~ ll3T~~~ I fuR m ~ Qfu em un, "Qilft~ lJ030~ mrcRT ~ l.ld' tW fur *'tilr 8dl'(le u+ ~ ~ 'tilr QTW ~~ ~ I
~ a-tRl ~ ~m'~~~-mft W;:ft I~ l.tlCJT ~~ ftfoT Hdiit ltW ~,~~ ura~-~~~~~~ I fuR~~ ura~ F 3' ~11<ftcJ,faR chf ~ null~~ fiR' cilS'~~ "ffiJ, fuua'~ If'<!"~ ijdlf8))fi'
el~~~~~ un,~~ 9dT3 ntif faijT W'eT I~el ~~d'e1,~~ 1Rr faR' $( el ?)U1' tl'~ ~ ciW 3' 3w otff~ I i;(f trc!O m ~~
~~ el~ 51" mR ~ ~ 12 ruT ffi:rc!"~ itt ~~~~ fu)){T1 ~;:it~ afue~ ~i; war tm~~~ftJ'3T, \Ja'el~QdO~~W~lR"~1
59
\'~/
-=
Sajjan. the RobberGuru Nanak and Bha! Mardana started from Pakpattan dIld reached the city
ofTulamba in Multan. By the side of the road, they saw a very big and beautifulhouse. Sa.uan, whose· real name was Sheikh, had constructed that inn for the.comfort of the travellers. In that inn, everyone was given a room to pass nightand free meals were .ieIVed to one's 00. There was no discI1mination, be thetraveller a Hindu or a Muslim. In that inn, Sheikh had got constructed on oneside,a temple for the Hindus to worship and on the other side a mosque,for theMuslims to pray.
Sheikh used to dress like asaint dUring the day and engaged himself tellingbeads on his rosaty. Seeing him thus.' everyone who met him called him sa.uanthe virtuous man or friend. sa.uan had plenty of land which was tllled bylabourers. He had adopted another means of income of which no one except hispartners knew. He used to kill the travellers staying for the night, throw theirbodies into a well and misappropriate their belongings.
sa.uan guessed that Guru Nanak was a wealthy man. He seIVed Guru Nanakand Bha! Mardana very well. Guru Nanak could read what was in the mind ofother people. Nothing could remain hidden from him. Guru Nanak read all hisblack deeds from his conversation with his companions. After dinner, sa.uanrequested Guru Nanak, "0 holy man, come and sleep in comfort inside. The nighthas well advanced." Guru Nanak said, "sa.uan, we shall sing a hymn in the praiseof the Lord and then sleep." Guru Nanak started the recitation of the hymn.
When Sa.uan heard the hymn and understood the meanings, he suspectedthat Guru Nanak had come to know his black deeds. That was why he was saying."A utensil made from bronze looks bright outside but when it is rubbed it makesthe fingers black. Even if it is washed, that bronze will not be free from blackness.Decorate empty houses outside as you wish but when they are demolished, theywill be empty inside. Human bodies are like houses. The bodies devoid ofvirtuesare ofno avail. The white clad holy met.t who rob those gone astray. are like storksat places of pilgrimage,who eat frogs. They cannot be called devotees. A man'sshrewdness, wisdom and service are useless unless he gives up bad deeds. Tobecome virtuous. one needs the help of the Lord."
When the recital of the hymn was finished, Sa.uan fell at Guru Nanak's feet.At the bidding of Guru Nanak, he distributed all his accumulated wealth amongthe poor, began to earn his living truthfully and became a true salJan.
61
~fungrlft~*cngtit~~cfuit,"~~~~~~mr,~
~ il'J:ft))fi'~~~~~ f;:fQ'~ mft'~, m~~ I~
~ lJO}f mr~ ~ ~ ~ 1m3 filE cfuit arel ~ 1 "31ff AA~ ~ ti'R QRT~ I"
~ tit~~~~-H?> el, QR§~ t el~~~ WI m m-~~ g"9' ~ urtfi fim are fmr:3'~-~~ cri"W QO(I) ~ I~ ;:IT *~, "~l1d€,F(')1)fT,~~~~~~~~~~05-lfTd~ 6 iJle1 ~I mr~
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mft'~ I"
~ tit~~ l1d€l(')i * ~~~ J{Tl{ ik~~~~~
J:TWUlT~ }fc} ~ *:l #, ftffl'~~~ olw~ l.lfuo fW,{T~~ tit*~ fW~~~ fa':;Mr ali~ I fuR 3W ~~ fW~ Hli~ HFft3~~ are 1war fun~~~ dl i 9'Fe'»{t~ R3'r~ CJT3 ~ if are 1m m9"d"3' '3' fap,{T fi"o( ur,:ft~,~,~~~~~~ fauT lIT,~ F(*)dl'udTcJ tit ~ licJt~~ fmr:3' Ci'i~ lin I furci;~~ el 1m3 oTw~ I~-= - - :: - - -~ tit ~ fUo~~ wa ~ fauT, "B'~, ~ OBO mJl~m~ ~ ~ urcJ
tfpj 1io m ~ "JO I" <Hg tit * a l6t~ <W5"~~, "trw tit, Ha' wit-p; ~ arell ~ mft' lIT lf3T fQ fJrcR fuR UTH tit~~ urcJ 5' 1~ Ha' Uo~ lMtqo~ f;:m 1lrH~ mft'~ I"
trw~~~~ Be ~ mr~ 'fq fapw 1~~ a€ije1~~ tit~~~~ usmc ~ ~ lffl aa~ I ws tit * fauT, "trw ;:IT, Ql fuR lMt}reT ~ urcJ mft' ?" Hw~ *~~ UTH~~~ *(fflIT fur lffl ~ 0t:rcJ- - - - c -
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Cfltft !Joc(')e1(') ~ QJg tit~ 3W fief~ ~ f}ffi-~~ rea-~ ~~ '3'""""~I"""'Fa""".ii: ~ I QT;it !Joc(')i!t(') *~~}(O ~ Bw~ QO(I) m ~ tit~~,"~~ €ijS1d mr~~ ~ tV~?"~ tit *~fe"'3T,"~ ~ w ~ *a"QfO)f~"JO1~ €ijSiij fW *oc' acJHT fun+ OT fiR m ciEl w~~ OT tit~ml';~ ff30-~ ~~*~ tit ~ ~~m cit3' 1~ tit *~-wfcp)ft~ Hot ~ fJc} ~ m I~ OTO tit~~ "fJT(! m~~~ Ci"f.it ijoc(')et('). -. -* ~ tit ~~ al3l fu' ~~ ~,~~~ W"e~ ciEl F(*)F.t'(i)l "fiwe I~ tit *.~~ acr ~~ tm- crr;;ft goc(')i!t(') ~ ~ ft!3 1
63
God's HouseOne day Bhai Mardana requested Guru Nanak. "I am accompanying you.
mfed and ill clad through the jungles, over the mountain tops and even in thoseplaces where nobody lives. In the Islamic faith Mecca is much praised. Pleasetake me to Mecca for pilgrimage." Agreeing to Bhai Mardana's request. he startedwith him for Mecca. On the way they met some other pilgrims going to Meccawho started talking about various things. Guru Nanak said, "Bhai Mardana. ifanyone goes on a pilgrimage it is essential that the conversation should be inpraise of God. It is not right for pilgrims to go on talking of other superfluousthings. If that happens the pilgrim does not attain anything."
Singing the praises ofGod they left the company ofthose pilgrims and arrivednear Mecca where they dressed in the blue attire of pilgrims and Guru Nanaktook the book of his verses under his armpit. In this dress they entered themosque of Mecca. They spent the whole day singing praises of God and wentto sleep at night. Early in the morning, Jiwan, a Mullah (Islamic Teacher) fromIndia was passing through the sleeping pilgrims. He caught sight ofGuru Nanak'sfeet which were stretched towards the Kaba-the house of God. He was besidehimself with rage when he saw it. He kicked Guru Nanak in the back and said,"0 you infidel, don't you know that you have stretched your feet towards the houseof God ?" Guru Nanak replied very politely, "Dear Mullah, I have made a mistake.I did not know that the house of God is only on this side. Please turn my feetto the direction in which God does not live."
This added to the anger of Mullah Jiwan. He took hold of Guru Nanak's legsmercilessly and dragged them to the other side. Guru Nanak said. "Dear Mullah.Is God's house not present on this side?" When Mullah Jiwan looked towardsthat side he beheld the 'Kaba' on that side too. To whatever side. Mullah Jiwanin his anger turned Guru Nanak's legs, he saw the 'Raba' on that side too. Seeingthis,he raised a hue and cry. All the pilgrims woke up. When word reached RukanDin, the head qazl (Islamic Magistrate) of Mecca that a holy man from India hadrevealed God's house on all sides, he came to Guru Nanak.
Qazl Rukan Din and Guru Nanak met each other as if they had been familiarwith each other for centuries. In order to clear the doubts of others, Qazi RukanDin asked Guru Nanak. 'Who Is superior in the court of the Lord-a Hindu ora Musllm?" Guru Nanak replied. "Only good deeds are acceptable at His door.In His court there is no place either for a Hindu or a Muslim without good deeds."Hearing this reply. the pilgrims put many more questions to Guru Nanak. GuruNanak dispelled the doubts of all of them. When Guru Nanak started to proceedto Madina, Qazi Rukan Din requested him to leave some memento of his visitto Mecca. Guru Nanak acceded to the request and gave his worn out sandalsto Qazi Rukan Din.
64
cmJ tit~~ }ide 1(1)1 rea- fen rea-~~ llit FflQO ~ ij I€SliJ Ci'd' lI';P" fiT-. -.~mI~ }{O~ ]:tnT~~ CiOO~ !3~mI ft:m llTR .,~ ]:tnT
~~rl~, ~l.fTlr~mJ tiRl t ~I~~~~~ lI';P"~~
~ ~~AA~~saW'HOI ftci fen ijl€SliJ*~~~~,''eft~~~~~~ mr fcm llTR ]:tnT Wel ~ FriR€1~ taT ('iT~
~ 7"~~ *fcmT, "fuJreT taT ~ ~ ~ ~ ~Rldl' I"
~ fen m m,~*rea-~ HecJ <it8l rea-~~ u1f~m 1J'i11CJ~ j;:r fe3t I~ <it8l w~ fHcm' rea- Wel w fmit"~ I Wei R€ldld W~
~ }{T3T ~ itT ci~~, "}{'3T tit, ~ ))f}ff~~ fifci~~m ~~,~ urcJ ~ WCJT ihf~ WJr"~~~~ ft ~I"}ft *~~,"~ urcJ ffi -at~ fmit" Odl, 1lO~~ f1.f3T ~ QlrcJ~ €Jii(l)IFelJfT faT))fT m-at~~~mr Wei fmit"~ fatlJfT lit 1~~ Yc ~.~ fJ:(QT ciV ~~m~~ I"~ ijl€SliJ ~~~ lftrt mr~~~~ taT~ -at~~ QlIOf' 1.lCCi' ~~~ }fut~ fR1l~~ 1- - .
QJS ;:IT *itT ~ iji€SliJ ~ €diji(l) ~ fcmT,"~ iji€SiiJ ~ itT ~ ~ ~ fa'~€~~~ 'l(I) I" ijl€SliJ~ €d'iE ' f.4~~ -at~~ fa' QJS;:it fHit~ olaall){t~ em Wi'l ijl€SliJ *lfal~ (')TFi~, "mo ;:it, fimoladlr,{t~ fern ihf~ 'l(I) 7" qJJ tft *~ R::JT, "~ l)fJff~ HU'O ffi~ ~~ 'l(I) I" ijleSI\) *~,"~, -aa-~ reu olaal))ff~ HU'O feR'w Rae1))ff 'l(I) 7" QJS tft*~~,"~~~~~~~~ reclo'~lJ('I) t'fI<idI' I"
reu Be ci ijl€SliJ ~~~~ fap,ro~I~ fcmT,"~AA wet~~~~ I~ ~ fJffip,rr~ tim~ )faT futy ff }iu fc tR~ ~
~ ~ CJTU utRt I" Q1S ;:IT *fcrur, "Cf'J, it ~~ M:rcJ~~; ~ fen feulT9 O'TJJft tnT~1 FriiJa l 'OwtJt!feT~ot~~~W'eT~,~~ HU'OfoR~ W'eT ~ I urQt, lib), :iH't~~ srar 119 Hd~~ R mafu W<!dT I
W:r HU'O~ 3 reclw ~~~~ lit~~~ "'I'<i·dl' 13~ lJM• •~~ ~ fa' fffir'~~ >jut~ rea- fi(Qr lIT ci €ij i relJfT fap)fr lit,~ ftq~~~mtr -A' ~ w Rei I "3a (')TFi~ ll'U~~~~~ cffirT lTtI) (ri&ti'oidl l 7ut, ~~~ cft3 ll'U~~ t.ISd'~ l)f# fffiY tft W3CJ~~
tft "fcJr m~ til':dl' I" oaa-t tft >JraT w ot~ ~~ mr~ I~~,
"H" feW~ lJfar -a: W"JrcreT ut 7"~ tit *fcrur, "~ "fa) -a:~ -a: 3w~ "sl.l'ut~ fucsrl5' cft3 trc')~ arale+ W *ala'~~ I"
65
------- .-._~
Madness for GoldOne day Guru Nanak and Bha! Mardana reached a country which was ruled
by ~very cruel king named Karu. He had an urge to amass gold and sUver. Ifhe heard that one of his subjects had some gold or silver, he would ask for itand then take it away by force if his request failed. In this way, he had filledforty boxes with gold and silver.
One day he asked his minister, "Does anyone in our country possess goldor silver about which we have not come to know?" The minister said. "I shallinquire about it and let you know tomorrow."
On the next day. the minister sent a very beautiful slave girl to the marketfor sale. The sale prtce of that slave girl was fixed as one silver coin. A merchant'sson went to his widowed mother and said. "Mother, if we buy this slave girl fora silver coin, she will do all the house work and make life easy for you." Themother replied. 'We do not have any silver coin in our house but when your fatherdied, he was booed with a silver coin in his mouth. You dig the grave and takeout that coin to buy the slave girl." When the King came to know about the silvercoins in the mouths of the dead, he had all the graves dug up and had the silvercoins taken out.
Guru Nanak went to his palace and said to the King's gatekeeper, "Conveyour message to the King, two outsiders want to see him." When the King cameto the door, he saw Guru Nanak counting pieces of broken earthen pots. TheKing asked in great wonder, "0 holy man, what use are these pieces to you 1"Guru Nanak replied, 'We are to take these to the next world." The King said."How can you take these pieces to the next world ?" Guru Nanak replied, "In thesame way as the wealth collected by you by cruelty." Heartng this, he realisedhis mistake. He said. "I have great love for gold and silver. Advise me so thatmy love for gold and silver goes away and I may embark on the path of God."
Guru Nanak said. "0 Karu. whatever you see with the eyes will be destroy~d
one day. The wealth which is spent in the name of God, goes along with youto the next world. Horses, forces and kingdom will remain here when deathovertakes you. You came to this world alone and empty handed and shall leavethis world empty handed. You have seen with your own eyes that the dead. whohad been buried with one silver coin in their mouths could not take even thatone coin with them. How will this wealth amassed with sins and cruelty, go withyou? However the sins and cruelty committed will surely go along with you andfor committing those sins you will be thrown into the fire of hell."
Hearing about the fire ofhell. he trembled more. He asked. "How can I escapethat fire?" Guru Nanak said, "Only if you shun cruelty henceforth and use thewealth which you have collected by your sin~to proVide free meals for the poor."
67
fHmJ~~~~~, ~ tit ~tdleie Bfua~~, ria~ vi"~ ci, CJTd
cfec m to are 1 ;re: Bfua ~ 8a+ ~ taT • fa' ~~ fim *>n~ iI"fuoCfW fuweT m,~~~ Bfuo ~ lI'\JO tOT m~~~~ ci lJfuo ~ ar,;ttl.Mf ore 1 QI';ft ~ fuJ:rlr~, Wf~~~ ftiV ~ tilrcJ }{TO ci }{TO W If:1T~
~ Jitl~~~~ ~~ 1Ww"s CUS tit ~}{TOO m ~ fu»fT, ~w ci~~ fQ~ tit aldd(*) ao ~ 'ffi')~~~~~~ml~
~ ciol ;:R' mR m~ lrel 3T~~ ftfwd or auT fa' ~ CW Hl ~ tlliG }{TO
~I ~~~ ci~~~~~ ~UlrcJ~~~trel ~ tit *~~~,"~~~~~w CJTCJT~ n6t, uo~ CJTCJT~~ ftn:R dl·Q<!
~ }{(I)~ R310 ~ !3 w:rcJ ~ tR I" ~ (fJS tit 1.Mf >Jf1ll<!t iF; ;ft~ Haft~ ioal ao ci~~ Bfua t are I
~m, QJ9 ;:it*rea(*) i(*) 0l'00 m ifYt=it wfu1:r~ 'UTO cit3T I~~ saleIe~ l1ta'~~~ ciol fuu~Uorel, "lJ'T'3'TW~~ »fTOJTW ))fTOJ1JJ II fuJafuJa grf8" lfci~~~~II" QR~ fuu ijC! ci~~ml ~ tit ~ lPO~~~~~, "Rta;:it,?Rt~~ fa'~~"s ~~un, uo wj- li:aTacr *~ ~ H3-~~ H3-~ tTR un I ?AT fuu !O CI'ftffi~I" ~ tit *tiler~~~ fauT,"~ ~~mfl'1 ~ ~H3-~~~~m:rcJ~,~~cffirftr3I~~m:rcJ~un,WfW~~~
u+ I" tila'~~ *fauT, ";:R' 3Q ?Rt fulfT mfl' ~, ~~~~ feWliIalo ao~ 7" QJS tit *fauT, "fim~~ liIalo W 1~~~~ ~ I.a.:. A-:- ~_ .... . aL f.c:rr+ ~ - ~ "11 'lI1Q 1~C1' e~ldll '3T -dQ I~CJ' ~ CI1OlI(,) U ""I dl' I
cug;:it ~ ~~, titer~~ *~ Yaa tJ"g~~ ~;:it ~ ~we W f3))fT(J cit3T I~ Bfua ~ ~ ~ l.f3'T~ fQ~ ~~ :ma *tiler ~~~~~~~~~wtci;:JT(!Tm~~Ul(J~lfY3"
reoro ~ fap,{T I~~~ reu mr ~~~ 'ffi') I OTO tit *tito ;1'~~ fauT, "~ Htc I" ire~~~-~ Q@ ;:it~ titcJ~~~ recto~$f~arel tr.lmrm~mlJCS~1 CI@~* QR~ ~~~~~ci t ~ I~ "€' till~~~~ <iw l{F.R "eT gfu)){T~mI lito ~~i;~,"~~ l>faTlJ~~~~ li«ito l)fT fa'p)rT ~ I }f fuR em~~
~ ~~ iti~~ fauT Itr.l q l.{F.f""€'~ tit fuu 'b;T 90 fap,{T I}f~fuw~fopwl~ ~}f~*~}soW'So3lottall~~~~
z - -
~~~~ fa' }f~Wf Wfc5~~ u+~ l.{F.f""€'~ 'b;T Ha-~~~I ~~ ~ otOH ~I"..
69
Numerous Planets, Numerous StarsOn his return from Egypt, Guru Nanak sat down to spend the night in an
open place outside the city of Baghdad. When the people came to know that GuruNanak. who had revealed spiritual power at Mecca. was sitting outside the city,they went to the qazi (Islamic Magistrate) of the city in a big group. The qazireckoned that stoning such an infidel Hindu to death,would be a very piouS deed.He took some of his disciples and went to kill Guru Nanak.
Going ahead they found that Guru Nanak was singing hymn. Singing wasin conflict with their prophet's teachings. However the melody of the hymns madethem powerless to hit Guru Nanak with stones. They were stunned and beganto look at each other's faces and the stones fell from their hands. Guru Nanakmade them understand. "Music for singing praises of the Lord is not bad butthat music is bad. which forces the mind to behave like a devil." They asked forforgiveness and took Guru Nanak with them to the city.
The next morning. after taking his bath. Guru Nanak recited Japji Sahibone of the morning prayers. As he passed by Jalal Din. the p1r (spiritual leader)of Baghdad heard the words-'There are numerous skies and nether regions."He was ftlled with wonder on hearing it.
At the end of the reCital. he said. "0 holy man. you said that there arenumerous skies and numerous nether regions but our prophet has told us. thatthere are seven skies and seven worlds below. You are telling a lie." Guru Nanaksaid to P1r Jalal Din. ''Your prophet is not wrong. He saw seven skies and sevenworlds below. So he said that there are seven but I see an unlimited numberof these so I speak accordingly." P1r Jalal Din said. "As long as you do not showme. how can I believe you 1" Guru Nanak said. "Send anybody with me whomyou can trust. I shall show him all these and then you will believe me."
As asked by Guru Nanak. Pir Jalal Din got his son Jul Jalal ready toaccompany Guru Nanak. When the people of the city came to know that GuruNanak was to take the Pir's son to show him numerous skies and numerousnether regions. they assembled in a large number at his house. People wantedto see all this with their own eyes. Guru Nanak said to Jul Jalal. "Close youreyes." When he closed his eyes. Guru Nanak and Jul Jalal vanished out of thecrowd. After some time they returned.
Guru Nanak brought him back after showing him numerous planets andstars. Jul Jalal had in his hand» a wooden bowl full of semolina pudding. Hesaid. "I have been conVinced ofthere being numerous skies and the worlds below.I have been putting in this bowl,small bits of semolina pudding from every place.When I got tired seeing the places. I requested Guru Nanak to return. I openedmy eyes at the word of this Hindu Pir and found that I was standing among thisgathering with the bowl of pudding in my hand. The pudding is still hot."
70
~;:it~ grlft }ide'(')i, lfa'~ ~"3"~~~ hrcJ~m mfcI)~,
~~#, fui' ~-~~ tiw wfulJ jjgT ~ fcrVT ~ I 91l!l~*inalcit3l, (lQJ9. ;:it,~ 11PwH~~ I~~~ >f tcm tMf HcJr ci uWc' tit~ I"
~ ;:it *fauT, tire }ide' Fo'JfT, fri' lRl~~~~ I fai{ lIJO~~ uWc'otit~ I fuJi l«JT;ft~~mo~~ fuJRT ?)t~~~ I~ lPR wc!t~WW~I»f'HlPR~~~~tmH~~m~lRlotitk~l~
~ rea- l{fuft~ ci "3cm liT~~ tmH~ uWc' tit~~ I"~;:it tMf~ t ci 9'lft }id€I(')' ~ l«JT;ft~ q ~ ftfi m~
~ !aft mI~~ c}~ *~~ lMf tmH fctij' lRl lite ~~ }fait I
~ a-arctt ~ fauT, "fuJi~~ lRl >f~~ m ~~ I tl H"~~~~~ fuuT dT fuu tfa" t1 'edl i I" 91l!l~*taUT, "H" fief~ ut I~ fcsm'~lit ~ l.f3T otit fi:rif~w lRl f}m JrcRT~ I~ ihr"m. wc!t~~9 IQ(!m ~ ~ I"~ citral or~ I grlft }id€'(')' CIJ9 ;:it lMf l.I'a'3'~ I•
,~ ;:it *srel~~ fauT, "~ cffir fQ~~~ ou=r~ '::I"I;:ti':'ftJl€::::ITi I it~~~R3T~~~uci&RT;:tiJl€1 ~I ~mrmm~~~1S'lft}id€'(')1~~ l«JT;ft~ q faT'JfT~w c}~~~~~~ afu~ft:rct cus ;:it*~m I W ~*~ fauT, "t~ j{){(I) ~ ci ftc{ CMrcJ ~~fcofauT ~ I tl~ lPR cW trcf3l ~ dT~~ lRl'~ ?Kft' ftIw~, ~~~l.f1ll~~ cit~ ~ 7" ~~*~ ci~ ;:it ~~m~ f;:rtt m ciwa1*fauT mI~ tit *taUT, "91l!l }id€'Fo'JfT, ClIdd'd it~~ Jfi' m~~ I ~,fM~'8 or ~ I~ thrcJ~ ao I" srel~*tllrcJ~ cftaT dT~~ tiT8g~
H"8'~~ I ri~ *ClId3'd ~ BcsrcJ cftaT I~~ te5" W citPal ~ o;;rcJ ;:re:~ tmH~ lrel~~~ fQ~ uWc' UfC fcrVT mI~~~C}~,~ }ide'(')i lffi' lRl tit~ Rt I~
~~ uWc'~ lit §G~ Rt f;fif 9'lft~*tllrcJ ll'H cftaT Rtf fim'@'W·m~~~~~I ~ tit~ 9'lft~~HTaOW~faqWlllrcrlfUT:it~~ ft¥3T I~ ;:it *~ ffii ao ci mrcr~ ft¥3T I~ Utrcr ,l«J'Sl,~~m 3;ft~ l)fT flw mfor~ ;:it~ ulf w tiw~ foR tlR fcw,rr, FtiR€' fcr;J:rn~ l.fua~~ "3Q '(')i.1O~~ I~ cit:r'<it *~ thrcJ~~ di'~qrg ;:it lPR »fT ci~~ tft~ Hall I <us ;:it *fauT, "~ ciwal,~ "elMit~~ cit~,~~~ iju~,~~ tMf lRl~~ijufi5>WI"
71
Pride Hath a FallOn their return journey from Mecca, Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reached
Hassan Abdal in the Attock district ofKandhar state at the place where GurdwaraPanJa Sahib stands in grace. Bhai Mardana requested Guru Nanak, "1 am verythirsty. May I go and get some water to drink from somebody?" Guru Nanaktold him, 'There is a great shortage of water. Even if you ask, you may not getwater from any house to quench your thirst. A fakir named Wali Kandliari liveson this mountain. There is a spring of water at his place. He does not allow localpeople to take water even for drinking. Perhaps being a traveller, he may takepity on you and let you drink water from the spring."
Taking permission from Guru Nanak, Bhai Mardana climbed the hill onwhich Wali Kandhari had -his hut. Reaching there, he sought permission fromhim to drink water from the spring. Wali Kandhari said, "I am keeping the waterof this spring for myself to drink. If I allow others to take water from it, it willftn1sh." Bhai Mardana said, "I am a stranger. I don't know of anyother place fromwhere I may get water to drink. Please give me some water to quench my thirst."Wali Kandhari did not agree. Bhai Mardana came back to Guru Nanak.
Guru Nanak said to Bhai Mardana, 'Tell him that men of God should notbe selfish. Whatever is given to them by God should be shared with others. Godis pleased only this way." Bhai Mardana climbed the hill a second time and hetold Wali Kandhart all that Guru Nanak had said. Wali Kandhari said in reply,''You are a Muslim and believer in Allah-God. Why are you roaming with aninfidel? If he has some power, why can't he get you water to drink? What isthe need to send you to me again and again ?"
Bhai Mardana came back to Guru Nanak and told him what he had said.Guru Nanak said, "Bhai Mardana, whatever God does, He does it right. Rise,do not be broken-hearted. Remove that stone from its place." When Bhai Mardanamoved that stone aside, pure water flowed out. Bhai Mardana thanked God.
When Wali Kandhart sitting at the top of the hill, looked at his spring, hesaw that its water had started ebbing out. He stood up and saw that BhaiMardana was drinking water below. The water of his spring had come out at theplace, from where Bhai Mardana had removed the stone. Wali Kandhari wasgreatly enraged at this. To kill both of them, he rolled a big stone down the hill.Guru Nanak put forward his right hand and stopped the stone. That stone wascoming down the hill with such a force that Guru Nanak's hand sunk Into Itleaving the mark which can be seen up to this day.
When Wali Kandhari saw the stone stopped, he came to Guru Nanak andasked forgiveness for his mistake. Guru Nanak said, 'Wali Kandhari, one shouldnot be proud of God's gifts. He can take them away at his will as He has takenaway the spring of water 'from you."
73
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75
Eternally MarriedThere lived a hermit called Shau Suhagan at Dinga Nagar in the district of
GUjrat now in Pakistan. He always dressed in red clothes like those of a newlymarried bride. He wanted people to think of him as married to God who is aliveforever. Guru Nanak said to Bhai Mardana. "Come. Bhai Mardana. let us go andmeet that Shau Suhagan whom people go to see and praise a lot."
Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reached his hermitage. On that day. therewas a big gathering of people at his hermitage as if there was a fair. The peoplecoming to the place handed over their offerings to the attendant standing at thedoor and moved on. On being asked the people said. "On the day of full moon.Shau Suhagan does not reveal his face to anybody. Early in the morning hespreads flowers in his courtyard and retires to his room as if he is waiting forsomebody to pay him a visit."
Guru Nanak said to the attendant standing at the door. "Go in and conveyour message to Shau Suhagan that two fakirs have come to see you." Theattendant conveyed the message of Guru Nanak to him. Shau Suhagan said tothe attendant. "Go and tell them that I cannot see them today. I am to see God.my husband today. They can come tomorrow to see me." The attendant cameback and spoke accordingly.
Guru Nanak said to Bhai Mardana. "Had Shau Suhagan beheld the Lord.he would see Him in His creation. These are all pretences that God comes tovisit him." Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana came away from the hermitage. Ontheir return. Bhai Mardana looked at the hermitage. He saw that people werefighting among themselves. That fight was a free for all. The flowers which ShauSuhagan had spread to welcome his husband,lay trampled upon. The decorationof the hermitage had disappeared. The offerings left with the attendant were beingthrown at each other in the fight. People going away from the hermitage weresaying. "Shau Suhagan was a liar. It was a fraud that God visits him. II
The next morning. a lame fakir came to Guru Nanak and fell at his feet.Guru Nanak asked. "Shau Suhagan. where are your red clothes? Why are youdressed as a beggar? Why are you limping? God used to come to visit you. Peoplewere praising you. What happened to you ?" He replied. 'That was a fraud. I hadcreated. Please forgive me. My lord. please come to the hermitage. I have cometo take you."
At his humble request. Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana went with him. Thepeople of the city began assembling at his hermitage to see the newly arrivedfakirs. On that day people were coming to have a sight of the true guide. in theplace which only the preVious day they had left in anger at discovering they hadbeen deceived.
76
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77
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Barbarity oj BabarOn his way back from Mecca, Guru Nanak had seen at Kabul, how Babar
was making preparations to attack India. Before the invasion of Babar, GuruNanak reached Aimanabad. There he stayed with Bhai Lalo whom he hadappointed the first teacher of his mission. To tell the people of the city aboutthe coming invasion, he recited a hymn-"Babar is coming from Kabul for theattack. He will take away everything from the people by force. There will be abloodshed on a large scale. This will all happen before the Creator of this world."
The day came when Babar reached Aimanabad. The rulers had made nomilitary preparations to face Babar but paid some Mullahs (Islamic Teachers)to t:ead verses from the holy Koran (Islamic Religious Book). Babar was the victor.The victorious army looted the city as they pleased. Nobody was there to stopthem. After a general massacre all the men, women and children who escapeddeath, were taken prisoners. The invaders gathered them all together and gavethem handmills to grind flour for the army. Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana werealso taken prisoners and put on the job of grinding flour.
All the prisoners were weeping when Guru Nanak entered the prison camp.It was natural for them to cry because their near and dear ones had been killedbefore their eyes, their houses had been plundered and they were being forcedto grind flour. On seeing the prisoners crying, Guru Nanak recited a hymn whichgave them peace and stopped them crying. They realised that it was becausethey had forgotten God that they were in this sad plight. Those women who hadonce lovely hair, fully decoracted as symbol of being married and who used tosit on sofas in palaces, had their hair shorn with sickles and were made to siton the ground, grinding flour. Their beauty had become their enemy. Had theyremembered God, the Master before, they would not have had to see that badday. They had forgotten the Lord in their love for worldly possessions.
Babar's general, Mir Khan reported to Babar how all the prisoners hadbecome quiet and contented on hearing Guru Nanak recite his hymn. Babarvisited the prison and saw with his own eyes and ordered that Guru Nanak bereleased. Guru Nanak said, "0 king, I cannot go outside alone, I shall only goif all these prisoners are released along with me." All the prisoners were releasedat Guru Nanak's Insistence.
Babar was pleased with Guru Nanak and said, "Fakir, ask for anythingmore." Guru Nanak replied, "God who sustains all has given me enough. All kingsare due to his grace. One who depends upon other men is always a loser. Anyonewho begs from you is ignorant." Mir Khan said to Babar, "0 king, It is not forus to give to fakirs. We are the ones who should ask from them."
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81
Cured the LeperOne day Guru Nanak and Bhal Mardana reached a v1llage In Tehsll Dlpalpur
of Montgomery district which is now in Pakistan. It was ratn1ng and night wasapproaching. Bhai Mardana requested Guru Nanak. "Ifyou permit. I may go andask if somebody agrees to gtve us shelter for the night. Had it not been raintng.we would have spent the night In the jungle as usual."
Guru Nanak said. "Bha1 Mardana. you may go and ask." Taking leave Bh~Mardana asked the people of the v1llage. Nobody gave them shelter. Everyonerefused with this argument. "Had both of you been Hindus. some Hindu wouldhave kept you or if both of you were Muslims. a Muslim would have giVenyou a place to stay but who will keep one Hindu and one Muslim in his house ?"
Bhai Mardana was coming back when his eyes caught sight of a hut outsidethe village in which a lamp was bUrning. Guru Nanak and Bhai Mardana reachedthat hut. A leper was living in that hut. He had been turned out of his ho\.1seby his people. because they thought he was suffering from an incurable andinfectious disease. The people from his house would give him meals in his h.utand filled a pitcher of water in the hut for him to drink. :
Seeing Guru Nanak enter his hut the leper said, "Do not come near me. Kefpaway from me. I am a leper. You will be infected by my disease." Guru Naru6!tpaid no heed to that. He entered the hut. Bhal Mardana followed him insid~·.
Seeing the leper in great distress, Guru Nanak recited a hymn which the lepe,rI
understood. ;'When God is forgotten. the mind becomes sick. When the mind is sick.,
diseases take root ttl the body. A man cries due to the sickness of the boclj.rbecause it can be seen and it gtves discomfort and pain. The cure for the~;
diseases 18 to attune the mind to God who has given hands, feet and all the pa.rts1of our body. The body had been given for service. Without service the body)becomes diseased." ,
The illusion was lifted from leper's mind that his disease was incurable. He4
got up and sat down. He kept listening to Guru Nanak's teachings well into the~
night. When Guru Nanak went for his bath In the morning. he walked along withhim. After taking a bath he felt that he had no disease. Leaving Guru Nanakand Bhai Mardana in his hut. he went to his house. The people at home wonderedon seeing him walking. They asked, 'Who had cured you ?" He replied. ''Two fakirswho are sitting in my hut." Hearing this, the people of his house set out to lookfor the fakirs. The whole vtllage followed them. When the vtllagers saw the fakirs.they asked forgiveness for the happening of the night before. Guru Nanak said,"I shall be pleased only if you construct an inn in the village where travellersmay spend the night." The villagers agreed to It.
82
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83
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Merger in GodWhen Guru Nanak was seventy. he thought it important to continue the task
of showing people the way out of darkness. For this service. Guru Nanak testedsome of his Sikhs. including his sons. so that his followers would not feel thatthey had been deceived. Out of his followers Guru Nanak considered Bhai Lehnato be most suitable. Guru Nanak renamed him Angad-part of his own body andhanded over to him the leadership of Sikhs.
On the seventh September 1539 A.D.• Guru Nanak told the congregationthat the time had come for him to merge in God. All Sikhs should consider GuruAngad his successor. 'There is no difference between me and Guru Angad." Givingthis message to the congregation. Guru Nanak lay down and covered himselfwitha sheet. The news that Guru Nanak had merged with God, spread all over thecity of Kartarpur. His house was filled with Sikhs. Guru Nanak's Sikhs were notonly Hindus but also Muslims. For Guru Nanak. no one was a Hindu or a Muslim.All were the creation of one God. As such it was essential for all to consider hima gUide who showed the true path. A debate started among them for the deadbody of Guru Nanak. Hindus said. 'We shall cremate the body of Guru Nanak."On the other hand Muslims said. "Guru Nanak was our spiritual guide. We shallbury his body according to our custom and construct a tomb over it."
So. when Guru Nanak passed away. there arose a conflict of the very typewhich he had devoted his life to ending. Neither party had come to any conclusion.when a saint came from outside for Guru Nanak's audience. He advised thosewho were quarrelling. "Please first see below this sheet whether Guru Nanak'sbody is here or not. You are fighting among yourselves without even seeing thebody." Listening to the advice of the saint. they lifted the sheet and found someflowers lying there. Those who were quarrelling,fell silent on seeing the flowers.The body of Guru Nanak had merged with the five elements from which it hadbeen created.
The quarrelling Hindus and Muslims divided the flowers in halves and torethe sheet that Guru Nanak had covered himself with, in two pieces. To cany onthe traditions and customs of their respective faiths. the Hindus cremated theflowers and the sheet. They also constructed a monumental stone over It toworship. The Muslims buried the flowers and the sheet and erected a tomb onthe bank of the river Ravi near the Hindu monumental stone. Both began toworship the stones. a practice which Guru Nanak had urged them to abandon.God did not want it that way. The water of the river Ravi washed both of theseaway. All traces of the monument and the tomb have disappeared.
85