HITLER’S LIGHTNING WAR

Chapter 16 section 1

GERMANY SPARKS A NEW WAR IN EUROPE http://youtu.be/8ha0qKquG2E Germany’s lightning attack

Blitzkrieg- lightning war Germans used artillery and bombing to attack Warsaw,

capital of Poland France and GB will declare war Germany Western half of Poland will fall to Hitler

Soviets make their move Stalin sent Soviet troops to occupy the Eastern half of

Poland Finland will resist Soviets pull out the win Finns will accept Hitler’s surrender terms

THE PHONY WAR French and Brits had mobilized army against Germany

Stationed on Maginot Line- system of fortifications along France’s border with Germany

Nothing happened referred to as a “phony war” Calm will end- Hitler launched surprise invasion of Denmark

and Norway Denmark fell and Norway surrendered Germany began to build bases along the coast to launch

strikes on Great Britain

THE FALL OF FRANCE Hitler send tanks through the Ardennes- heavily

wooded are in Northern France, Luxm., and Belgium Germans squeezed between the Maginot Line Moved across France

Rescue at Dunkirk Germans had trapped the Allied forces around the Northern

French city of Lille Allies retreated to the beaches of Dunkirk, French Port G.B. set out to rescue the Army Ships crossed the English Channel and carry 338,000

soldiers to safety

FRANCE FALLS

Resistance in France crumbles after Dunkirk Germans take Paris French leaders surrender Germans take N. France and leave S. France to puppet gov’t

headed by Marshal Petain Headquarters for Petain was in Vichy France

Charles de Gaulle- French general, set up exile gov’t in London Commits all energy to taking back France

THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN G.B. stood alone against the Nazis

Winston Churchill- new G.B. prime minister Hitler will try to invade G.B. Hitler 1st wanted to destroy RAF- royal air force then

land troops Luftwaffe- German air force began bombing British will not waver

Technological advances help Britain Radar- could tell #, speed, and direction of Luftwaffe Enigma machine- decoded German messages Germans will give up on daylight raids Stunned by British resistance Hitler called off attacks

Key to this battle: Hitler could be defeated

THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THE EASTERN FRONT Hitler will have a shift in strategy

Turned attention to Med., Balkans, and the Soviet Union Axis forces attack N. Africa

Axis powers- Germany, Italy, Japan Mussolini orders attack on Egypt Suez Canal was key to oil in Middle East

Britain Strikes Back Hitler sends in Afrika Korps- German tank force led by

Erwin Rommel- later called the Desert Fox for his success

Rommel will seized Tobruk

WAR IN THE BALKANS

Hitler was planning to attack USSR from the Balkans Hitler persuaded Bulgaria, Romania, and Hungary to join the

Axis Hitler invades the Soviet Union

Operation Barbarossa- plan to invade the USSR Soviet Gerneral Georgi Zhukov will counterattack Nazis Germans will retreat Hitler will gain nothing but 500,000 German deaths

THE U.S. AIDS ALLIES

Congress will pass Neutrality Acts Illegal to sell arms or lend $ to nations at war

Roosevelt creates Lend-Lease Act Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly and issued a joint

declaration called the Atlantic Charter-Upheld free trade, right to choose own gov’tU.S. was in undeclared naval war with HitlerU.S. will enter war b/c of Japan