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SSCCGL:NationalMovementofIndia19201930NationalMovementofIndia:1920to1930

ChauriChauraIncident(1922)AmobofpeopleatChauriChaura(nearGorakhpur)clashedwithpoliceandburnt22policemenonFebruary5,1922.

ThiscompelledGandhijitowithdrawtheNonCooperationmovementonFeb.12,1922.

SimonCommission(1927)ConstitutedunderJohnSimon,toreviewthepoliticalsituationinIndiaandtointroducefurtherreformsandextensionofparliamentarydemocracy.

Indianleadersopposedthecommission,astherewerenoIndiansinit.

TheGovernmentusedbrutalrepressionandpoliceattackstobreakthepopularopposition.AtLahore,LalaLajpatRaiwasseverelybeateninalathicharge.HesuccumbedtohisinjuriesonOct.30,1928.

LahoreSession(1929)OnDec.19,1929underthePresidentshipofJ.L.Nehru,theINC,atitsLahoreSession,declaredPoornaSwaraj(Completeindependence)asitsultimategoal.

OnDec.31,1929,thenewlyadoptedtricolourflagwasunfurledandan.26,1930wasfixedastheFirstIndependenceDay,wastobecelebratedeveryyear.

RevolutionaryActivitiesThefirstpoliticalmurderofaEuropeanwascommittedin1897atPoonabytheChapekarbrothers,DamodarandBalkishan.TheirtargetwasMr.Rand,PresidentofthePlagueCommission,butLt.Ayerstwasaccidentallyshot.

In1907,MadamBhikaijiCama,aParsirevolutionaryunfurledtheflagofIndiaatStuttgartCongress(ofSecondinternational).

In1908,KhudiramBoseandPrafullachakithrewabombonthecarriageofkingford,theunpopularjudgeofMuzaffapur.Khudiram,KanhaiyalalDuttandSatyendranathBosewerehanged(AlipurCase).

In1909,MLDhingrashotdeadCol.WilliamCurzonWhyllie,thepoliticaladvisorofIndiaOfficeinLondon.

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In1912,RasbihariBoseandSachindraNathSanyalthrewabombandLordHardingeatDelhi(DelhiConspiracyCase).

InOct,1924,ameetingofrevolutionariesfromallpartsofIndiawascalledatKanpur.TheysetupHindustanSocialistRepublicAssociation/Army(HSRA).

TheycarriedoutadacoityontheKakoriboundtrainontheSaharanpurLucknowrailwaylineonAug.9,1925.

BhagatSingh,withhiscolleagues,shotdeadSaunders(Asst.S.P.OfLahore,whoorderedlathichargeonLalaLajpatRai)onDec.17,1928.

ThenBhagatSinghandBatukeshwarDuttthrewabombintheCentralAssemblyonApr8,1929.Thus,he,RajguruandSukhdevwerehangedonMarch.23,1931atLahoreJall(LahoreConspiracyCase)andtheirbodiescrematedatHussainiwalanearFerozepur.

In1929onlyJatinDasdiedinLahorejailafter63daysfasttoprotestagainsthorribleconditionsinjail.

SuryaSen,arevolutionaryofBengal,formedtheIndianRepublicArmyinBengal.In1930,hemastermindedtheraidonChittagongarmoury.Hewashangedin1933.

In1931,ChandrashekharAzadshothimselfatAlfredParkinAllahabad.

DandiMarch(1930)AlsocalledtheSaltSatyagraha.

Alongwith78followers,GandhijistartedhismarchfromSabarmatiAshramonMarch12,1930forthesmallvillageDandhitobreakthesaltlaw.

HereachedtheseashoreonApr.6,1930.

HepickedahandfulofsaltandinauguratedtheCivilDisobedienceMovement.

FirstRoundTableconference(1930)ItwasthefirstconferencearrangedbetweentheBritishandIndiansasequals.ItwasheldonNov.12,1930inLondontodiscussSimoncommission.

BoycottedbyINC,MuslimLeague,HinduMahasabha,Liberalsandsomeotherswerethere.

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