Habitat and Adaptations

Habitat

= the neighborhood an animal lives in.

Beaver

Where does he live?

Builds himself a lodge in lakes and wetlands

HabitatHow is the beaver equipped to live in this

environment

Beaver

Thick oily fur to keep him warm

Broad flat tail to swim

Webbed hind feet

Long teeth (incisors) to cut down trees

Habitat

• Provides shelter• Provides food and water• Has a climate to which animals are adapted• Has other animals of the same species so that

they can reproduce

The environment in which a species lives is called its habitat.

Adaptation

• Adjustments of a species to be more suited to live in an environment

Adaptation to climate

Fur: thick and white

Small ears, short tail

More compact body

Arctic fox Red fox

Adaptation

– Adaptation to climate• Fur thickness,

• Fur colour,

• Animal body shape (ears and tail)

• Body fat

Adaptation to the way they move

Ducks mostly move on water not on land Have webbed feet

compact, streamlined body with strong feet adjusted for swimming

Albatross

The claws of the chameleon help him walk on thin branches

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRPYSbbIP24

Adaptation

– Adaptation to how they move• Webbed feet

• body adapted to flying vs. swimming

• opposing digits for climbing

• Streamlined body of fish

Adaptation to what they eat

The function of different types of teeth

Incisor (shred, cut)

Canine (tear)

Premolar and Molar (grind and crush)

Adaptation to what they eat

Herbivore: Well developed Molars

Carnivore: Well developed Canines

Rodent Herbivore: Well developed Incisors

Which skull belongs to which animal?

What are humans?

• Omnivores

All our teeth are well developed

What do they eat?

• Short, strong, hooked beak

Carnivor

Red-tailed hawk

• Short, strong, wide beak

seeds, insects berries

cardinal

• Short and slender beak

InsectivorCatches insects

swallow

• Long, slender beak

hummingbird

Nectar from flowers, insect eggs, aphids

• Big, long, powerful beak

Everything they can find

Omnivore

crow

Adaptations to what they eatmammals• Herbivores (eat plants)

> well developed molars

• Rodent herbivores (eat seeds and nuts)> well developed incisors

• Carnivores ( eat meat)

> well developed canines

birds• Birds of prey (eat meat)

> short strong hooked beak• Cardinal (eats hard seeds)

> short wide beak• Swallow (eats insects)

> short and slender beak• Crow, sea gull (omnivore)

> eat plants, seeds or meat> long strong, thick beak

• Bright colors to attract female

• visual signal

Adaptation to the way they communicate

• Waggle dance to indicate which direction to find food

• visual signal

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-7ijI-g4jHg

Adaptation to the way they communicate

• Birds sing to attract females and to mark their territory

• auditory signal

Adaptation to the way they communicate

• Howling to confirm membership in the pack, signal readiness to hunt and mark territory.

• auditory signal

Adaptation to the way they communicate

• Whistleto stay in contact with other dolphins

Auditory signal

Adaptation to the way they communicate

• Skunks spray a liquid to ward off predators

• olfactory signal

• Dogs, wolfs and moose use urine to mark their territory

Adaptation to the way they communicate

AdaptationAdaptation to the way they communicate

• Visual signals - animal colours

- animal movements

• Auditory signals - birds sing to mark their territory

- wolfs howl to confirm membership

- dolphins whistle to stay in contact

• Olfactory signals - skunks spray to warn predators

- dogs urinate to mark their territory

Adaptation to the way they orient

Echolocation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpxEmD0gu0Q

Plant adaptations• Plants need help to spread their seeds

Coconut palm

Dandelion

• Adaptation to the way seeds are spread

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=48YAHg-kY10

• Animals eating fruit spread the seeds of the fruit.

Coffee beans that have gone through a monkeys digestive system are the most expensive coffee beans on earth.

Plant adaptations

• How to spread seeds.– Dandelion wind– Coconut palm water– Fruit producing plants animals

Plant adaptations

Attraction through smell

Attraction through imitation

Nectar deep inside flower

Plants need the help of insects to fertilize their flowers

Plant adaptations

• How to attract insects for fertilization– Smell – Imitation

• The needles of coniferous trees allow them to grow in colder regions.

• Needles are covered with thick waxy layer to conserve water and heat.

Plant adaptations – where they live

• succulent plants store water in their trunks to survive the dry season

Plant adaptations – where they live

Plant adaptations – where they live

• = algae and fungi living together

• Algae provides food – (photosynthesis)

• Fungi provides moistureLichen

Symbiosis:A mutually beneficial relationship between two living organisms

Plant adaptations• How to withstand climate.– Needles of coniferous trees more resistant.– Algae of lichens are protected by mushrooms.– Cacti store water in their stems.