Hadron Collider Physics 2002

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M. Erdmann Th. Miiller (Eds.)

Hadron Collider Physics 2002 Proceedings of the 14th Topical Conference on Hadron Collider Physics, Karlsruhe, Germany, September 29-0ctober 4, 2002

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Dr. Martin Erdmann Professor Dr. Thomas Miiller Universităt Karlsruhe Institut fUr ExperimenteUe Kernphysik Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany

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Preface

The 14th Conference on Hadron Collider Physics was held in Karlsruhe, Germany, almost three years after the last one which took place in Bombay. With the data analyses from recent runs at the Tevatron Collider and at HERA mostly complete, the aim of this symposium has been to invite our community of experimentalists and theorists to collect, exchange and to be reminded of ideas about collider physics at the onset of the new data taking periods which have just begun and which will carry us well into the LHC period.

Historically, the main function of hadron colliders have been to probe physics at new energy frontiers and search for new particles and forces. The most famous examples being the discoveries of the Wand Z bosons at the CERN SPS Collider and of the Top quark at the Tevatron in Fermilab. Before the onset of the LHC era we will be able to probe up to the TeV scale and open search windows to a large variety of exotic phenomena. At the same time, we will test the Standard Model at the attometer scale.

In addition, hadron colliders provide an environment for precision physics, usually assigned to LEP and the B factories. Examples are the determination of electroweak parameters such as the mass of the W boson and Top quark, as well as masses and lifetimes of Beauty hadrons. It was at a hadron collider where first evidence of Beauty oscillation and CP violation was found. The forthcoming runs will give a more accurate prediction of the Higgs Boson mass and narrow its search window. In the Beauty sector a measurement of Bs oscillations will be crucial in constraining the CKM unitarity triangle.

A vital prerequisite of collider physics is our knowledge about the proton and, more generally, about strong processes at large scales. Huge progress has been made in the sector of structure functions and fragmentation functions. With the amount and complexity of data multiplying with the forthcoming data taking runs, our tools to extract, analyze and store data need to be refined tremendously. Driven by the hadron collider community, a world­wide GRID activity has been launched which promises applications in many other fields.

About 130 physicists from 17 nations followed and discussed 63 plenary talks covering the above-mentioned topics, which were organized into sessions where experimental results or techniques were confronted with phenomeno-

VI Preface

logical analyses and new theoretical ideas. The local organizers are endebted to the authors which delivered their writeups on time for publication, making these proceedings a physics handbook for the coming years. Special mention should be made to the social programme of the conference, highlighted by a reception in the castle of Karlsruhe, a beautiful chamber concert directed by physicist Dr. K6hnlein, and excursions to Heidelberg and Speyer.

The sponsering of this conference by the four laboratories CERN, DESY, FNAL, FZK and by Siemens is great fully acknowledged. Our research in collider physics is supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Universitat Karls­ruhe. We wish to thank our local organizers and helpers for making this conference a success.

We all look forward to the coming decade where collider physics will open a new window on physics.

Karlsruhe, December 2002

Martin Erdmann Thomas Muller

Minutes of the Steering Committee Meeting

The meeting of the Steering Committee for the Hadron Collider Physics Con­ferences was held in Karlsruhe University on October 4, 2002. Traditionally, members of the International Organizing Comittee of the respective confer­ence are members of this Steering Committee. In addition, the convenor of the conference asks senior physicists to attend the meeting. The following peo­ple attended this meeting: Al Goshaw, Karl Jakobs, Ashutosh Kotwal, Tony Liss, Hugh Montgomery, Thomas Muller (Convenor), Carsten Niebuhr, Eliz­abeth Simmons, Harry Weerts, Scott Willenbrock, John Womersley, Xin Wu, Dieter Zeppenfeld. Subjects of discussion were name, style, attendence, time of the year, and future locations of the conference. The proposed acronym HCP2002 (for Hadron Collider Physics 2002) was accepted. In general, we want to keep a wide range of short plenary talks, in contrast to conferences with few long review talks such as Physics in Collision or conferences with parallel sessions. By extending the length of the conference from four and a half to five and a half days and by reducing the length of the theoretical review talks down from 40 minutes, time will be available for extra talks. In particular, more slots should be allocated to presentations offered by indi­viduals not necessarily representing collaborations. The low attendance from the LHC community was noted and regretted. We will make efforts to merge the LHC Symposium with the HCP in future. We also decided to main­tain the conference fees at a level sufficiently low to enlarge the attendance of graduate students and post docs. The committee decided that the 15th Hadron Collider Physics conference, HCP2004, will take place around June 2004 in the United States, following our tradition to alternate the host conti­nents. After discussion of two excellent proposals, one from Ashutosh Kotwal (Duke) and one from Harry Weerts (MSU), we chose Michigan State Univer­sity (East Lansing, USA) as our next site. At the same time, we reaffirmed the decision taken by the last steering group in Bombay, that the Geneva group shall organize the subsequent conference, while Duke University will host the conference thereafter, which will most likely take place in 2006. We also registered a proposal from Franco Bedeschi (Pisa) to host HCP but did not take a decision at this time.

Contents

Part I Opening Review on Hadron-Collider Physics

Hadron Colliders, the Standard Model, and Beyond Scott Willenbrock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

1 What is the Standard Model? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Hadron Colliders and the Standard Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

2.1 Precision electroweak. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.2 CKM................................................. 9 2.3 Top quark .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12 2.4 Higgs boson. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13 2.5 QCD.................................................. 14

3 Beyond the Standard Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 3.1 Direct evidence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 18 3.2 Indirect evidence ....................................... 19

References ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 21

Part II Status of the Accelerators and Detectors

Tevatron Collider Run II Status Elvin R. Harms, Jr. ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25 2 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 25 3 Run II Milestones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26 4 Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26 5 Performance to Date. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27 6 Accomplishments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27

6.1 Accomplishments: Helix Adjustments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 28 6.2 Accomplishments: Antiproton Emittance .................. 29 6.3 Accomplishments: Tevatron Injection Closure .............. 29

7 Outstanding Issues ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30 8 Future Prospects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30 9 Reliability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 31 10 Summary................................................... 31 11 Acknowledgements.......................................... 31

X Contents

Status of CDF II and Prospects for Run II Frank Chlebana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32 2 The CDF II Detector and Trigger Upgrades .................... 32 3 Physics Results and Prospects ................................ 35 4 Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38 References .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38

Status of the DO Detector Volker Buscher. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39 2 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39 3 Silicon Vertex Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39 4 Central Fiber Tracker. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 40 5 Calorimeters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42 6 Muon Detectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43 7 Forward Proton Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44 8 Trigger and Data Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45 9 Conclusions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45 References ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 45

Part III Standard Model Processes: Parton Luminosities, QCD Evolution

The Proton Structure as Measured at HERA Henning Schnur busch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 49 2 NC Cross Sections in the Complete Kinematic Plane. . . . . . . . . . . .. 50 3 High-Q2 Measurements ...................................... 52 4 Charged Current Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 53 5 Summary and Outlook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 55 References ..................................................... 55

Global Fits of Parton Distributions Robert S. Thorne. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 56

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 56 2 Parton Uncertainties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58

2.1 Hessian (Error Matrix) approach ......................... 58 2.2 Offset method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 60 2.3 Statistical approach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61 2.4 Lagrange multiplier method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 61 2.5 Results................................................ 62

Contents XI

3 Theoretical Errors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 3.1 Problems in the fit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63 3.2 Types of Theoretical Error, NNLO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 64 3.3 Empirical approach ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 65

4 Conclusions.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 67 References ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 68

Low x Physics at HERA Olaf Behnke. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 69

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 69 2 Formalism and Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 70 3 Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71

3.1 Inclusive measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 71 3.2 Exclusive results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 72

4 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 74 References ..................................................... 74

Saturation Effects in Hadronic Cross Sections Arif I. Shoshi and Frank D. Steffen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75 2 The Loop-Loop Correlation Model. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 75 3 Saturation in Proton-Proton Scattering ........................ 77 4 Gluon Saturation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 80 5 Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 82 References ..................................................... 83

Part IV Standard Model Processes: QCD at High Pt

Progress in NNLO Calculations for Scattering Processes E. W. N. Glover. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 87

1 Why NNLO Calculations are Important. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 87 1.1 Renormalisation scale uncertainty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 87 1.2 Factorisation scale dependence ........................... 89 1.3 Jet algorithms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 1.4 Transverse momentum of the incoming partons . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 1.5 Power corrections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 89 1.6 The shape of the prediction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90 1.7 Parton densities at NNLO ............................... 91

2 Recent Progress in the Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 91 3 What Remains to be Done ................................... 93 References ..................................................... 93

XII Contents

Heavy Flavour Production at D0 Daniela Bauer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95

1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95 2 b-production Cross-section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95

2.1 Muon and Jet Cross-section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 95 2.2 b-tagging.............................................. 96

3 J / 1jJ Cross-section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 97 4 Other Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 98 References ..................................................... 99

Heavy Quark Production at CDF Mary Bishai . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

1 Introduction ............................................... 100 2 Beauty Production at CDF ................................... 100

2.1 CDF Run I results ...................................... 100 2.2 Preliminary results from CDF Run II ..................... 102

3 Quarkonia Production at CDF ................................ 103 4 Charm Production at CDF ................................... 104

4.1 Run I results ........................................... 104 4.2 Run II charm production cross-sections .................... 105

5 Conclusion ................................................. 106 References ..................................................... 106

Heavy Quark Production at HERA Andreas B. Meyer ............................................... 108

1 Introduction ................................................ 108 2 Open Charm Production ..................................... 109 3 Charmonium ............................................... 110 4 Beauty Production .......................................... 111 5 Summary ................................................... 113 References ..................................................... 114

Theoretical Developments on Hard QCD Processes at Colliders Thomas Gehrmann .............................................. 115

1 Introduction ................................................ 115 2 Heavy Quarks .............................................. 116

2.1 Total Cross Sections .................................... 116 2.2 Transverse Momentum Distributions ...................... 116 2.3 Top Quark Spin Correlations ............................. 118

3 Jets ....................................................... 118 3.1 Jet Definitions .......................................... 120 3.2 Precision Jet Physics .................................... 120

Contents XIII

3.3 Multiparton Processes ................................... 122 4 Photons and Massive Gauge Bosons ........................... 123

4.1 Isolated Photons ........................................ 124 4.2 Photon Pairs ........................................... 124 4.3 Vector Boson and Higgs Production ....................... 126 4.4 Transverse Momentum Distributions ...................... 127

5 Conclusions and Outlook ..................................... 128 References ..................................................... 128

Jet Production at CDF Mario Martinez ................................................. 133

1 Introduction ................................................ 133 2 Inclusive Jet Production ..................................... 133 3 Three-jet Production ........................................ 135 4 Study of Jet Shapes in Run 2 ................................. 136 5 Study of the Underlying Event ................................ 137 6 Study of W + Njet Production ................................. 138 References ..................................................... 139

Jet Algorithms at DO Elizabeth Gallas ................................................ 140

1 Introduction ................................................ 140 2 The Measurement of Jets ..................................... 140 3 Run I Cone Algorithm ....................................... 141 4 Run I kT Algorithm and Comparisons ......................... 142 5 Run II ..................................................... 144 6 Acknowledgments ........................................... 145 References ..................................................... 146

Jet Physics at HERA Oscar Gonzalez ................................................. 147

1 Introduction ................................................ 147 2 Photoproduction of Jets ...................................... 147

2.1 The Internal Structure of the Photon ...................... 148 2.2 Multijet Photoproduction ................................ 148 2.3 Inclusive Jet Photoproduction ............................ 149

3 . Jet Physics in DIS ........................................... 150 3.1 Jet Cross Sections at Low Q2 and at Forward Angles ........ 150 3.2 Multijet Production in DIS .............................. 151 3.3 Precise Tests of QCD from Jet Production in DIS ........... 151

4 Conclusions ......................................... ; ....... 152 References ..................................................... 153

XIV Contents

Global Photon Summary Sung-Won Lee .................................................. 154

1 Introduction ................................................ 154 2 Prompt photon production at the Tevatron ..................... 155

2.1 Run I results ........................................... 156 2.2 Run II prospects ........................................ 156

3 Prompt photon production at HERA .......................... 157 3.1 Inclusive photoproduction of prompt photons ............... 157 3.2 Photoproduction of prompt photon and jets ................ 157 3.3 Prompt photons in deep inelastic scattering ................ 158

4 Current issues in photon production ........................... 159 5 Summary ................................................... 160 References ..................................................... 160

Hadron Production in Hadron-Hadron and Lepton-Hadron Collisions Bernd A. Kniehl ................................................ 161

1 Introduction ................................................ 161 2 Determination of the FFs .................................... 162 3 Global Analysis of Collider Data .............................. 164 4 Inclusive B-Meson Production ................................ 164 5 Conclusions ................................................ 168 References ..................................................... 169

Part V Standard Model Processes: QCD: Diffractive Processes

Measurements of Diffractive Processes at HERA Aharon Levy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 173

1 Introduction ................................................ 173 2 Kinematics of Diffractive Scattering ........................... 174 3 Diffraction as Soft or Hard Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 174 4 Inclusive Diffraction ......................................... 175 5 Exclusive Vector Mesons ..................................... 178 6 Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) .................... 181 References ..................................................... 183

Diffractive Physics at D0 Silvia Tentindo-Repond .......................................... 184

1 Diffractive Processes ......................................... 184 2 The D0 Detector ............................................ 185 3 Hard Single Diffraction: Diffractive Wand Z .................... 186 4 Comparison of W,Z Diffractive Data to Models .................. 187

Contents XV

5 Hard Single Diffraction: Dijets ................................ 188 6 HSD and Models ............................................ 189 7 Present and Future Prospects for Diffractive Physics at DO Run II. 189 References ..................................................... 191

Measurements of Diffractive Processes at CDF Konstantin Goulianos ........................................... 192

1 Introduction ................................................ 192 2 Hard diffraction ............................................. 193

2.1 Rapidity gap results ..................................... 193 2.2 Leading antiproton results ............................... 193

3 Double-gap soft diffraction ................................... 195 4 Data and results ............................................ 195 References .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198

Selected topics in Rapidity Gap Physics Jeffrey R. Forshaw .............................................. 199

1 Introduction ................................................ 199 2 Hard diffraction ............................................. 199

2.1 Central higgs production ................................ 203 3 Dipole models .............................................. 204 4 Rapidity gaps at high-t ...................................... 207

4.1 Vector mesons .......................................... 207 4.2 Gaps between jets ...................................... 208

5 Summary ................................................... 210 References ..................................................... 210

Part VI Standard Model Processes: Heavy-Ion Collisions

Recent Results from STAR Markus D. Oldenburg ........................................... 215

1 The Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider ............................ 215 2 The STAR Experiment ....................................... 215 3 Measurements of Anisotropic Flow ............................ 216 4 Jets in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions ............................. 218 5 Ultra-Peripheral Heavy-Ion Collisions .......................... 219 6 Conclusions and Outlook ..................................... 221 References ..................................................... 221

XVI Contents

Part VII Standard Model Processes: Heavy Flavour, CKM and CP-Violation

Beauty and Charm Physics at CDF, First Results and Perspectives Sandro De Cecco. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225

1 Introduction ................................................ 225 2 Leptonic sample. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225 3 Hadronic sample ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 4 Beauty and Charm perspectives ............................... 229 References ..................................................... 231

Prospects for B Lifetimes, Oscillations and CP Violation at D0 Wendy Taylor .................................................. 232

1 Introduction ................................................ 232 2 The Run II D0 Detector ..................................... 233 3 The D0 Beauty Physics Program ............................. 234

3.1 Average B Lifetime ..................................... 234 3.2 B~ Mixing ............................................. 236 3.3 CP Violation ........................................... 236 3.4 A~ Lifetime ............................................ 237

4 Conclusions ................................................. 237 References ..................................................... 238

Impact of Bottom-Quark Measurements on our Knowledge of the Standard Model Robert Fleischer ................................................ 239

1 Introduction ................................................ 239 2 CP Violation in B Decays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240

2.1 Weak Decays ........................................... 240 2.2 Unitarity Triangles ...................................... 241 2.3 Main Strategies ......................................... 242

3 Benchmark Decay Modes of B± and Bd Mesons ................. 243 3.1 B -+ 7rK . .............................................. 243 3.2 B -+ JNK ............................................ 245 3.3 B -+ ¢K . .............................................. 246 3.4 B -+ 7r7r ............................................... 247

4 "El Dorado" for Hadron Colliders: Bs-Meson System ............ 248 4.1 General Features ....................................... 248 4.2 Benchmark Decay Modes of Bs Mesons .................... 249 4.3 The B s -+ K+ K-, Bd -+ 7r+ 7r- System .................... 250

Contents XVII

5 Comments on Rare B Decays ................................. 252 6 Conclusions and Outlook ..................................... 253 References ..................................................... 253

Part VIII Standard Model Processes: W, Z-Bosons, Electroweak Parameters

Electroweak Physics Prospects for CDF in Run II Eric James . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259

1 Introduction ................................................ 259 2 W / Z Production Cross Sections ............................... 260 References ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265

Measurement of the Z and W Boson Production Cross Andrew Alton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

1 Introduction ................................................ 266 2 Detector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 3 Data Selection .............................................. 267 4 Detector Simulation and Acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 5 Results ..................................................... 270 6 Future Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272 References ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Associated Hadroproduction of Charmonia and Electroweak Bosons Caesar P. Palisoc, Bernd A. Kniehl, Lennart Zwirner ................ 273

1 Analytic Results ............................................ 273 2 Numerical Results ........................................... 275 3 Conclusions ................................................. 278 References ..................................................... 279

Review of Potential for Precision Electroweak Studies at the LHC Dominique Pallin ........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

1 Introduction ................................................ 280 1.1 EW Precision measurements: past and future ............... 281

2 Precision EW measurements at LHC ........................... 281 2.1 Production cross sections and detectors parameters ......... 281 2.2 Top Mass measurement at the LHC ....................... 282 2.3 W Mass measurement at the LHC ........................ 284 2.4 sin2e~ff measurement at the LHC ........................ 285

3 Conclusion ................................................. 285 References ..................................................... 286

XVIII Contents

Part IX Standard Model Processes: Top Quark

Top Quark Physics at DO Kenneth Johns ................................................. 289

1 Introduction ................................................ 289 2 Run I Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 3 Run IIa Results ............................................. 290 4 Run IIa and IIb Expectations ................................. 294 5 Conclusions ................................................. 294 References ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Top Quark Physics with CDF Wolfgang Wagner ............................................... 296

1 The CDF II Upgrade ........................................ 296 2 The Top Physics Program of CDF ............................. 297

2.1 tt Cross Section ........................................ 297 2.2 Top Mass Measurement ................................. 299 2.3 Physics with tt Events ................................... 299

3 Single Top Quark Production ................................. 299 4 Search for FCNC in the Top Sector ............................ 302 5 Conclusions ................................................. 303 References ..................................................... 303

The Top Quark: Experimental Roots and Branches of Theory Elizabeth H. Simmons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304

1 Introduction ................................................ 304 2 Experimental Roots ......................................... 304

2.1 Mass .................................................. 304 2.2 Top Width and Decays .................................. 306 2.3 Pair Production ........................................ 307 2.4 Spin Correlations ....................................... 308

3 Branches of Theory .......................................... 310 3.1 Light Neutral Higgs in MSSM ............................ 310 3.2 Charged Higgs ......................................... 310 3.3 Sfermion Masses ........................................ 310 3.4 Extra EW Gauge Bosons ................................ 312 3.5 New Top Strong Interactions ............................. 313

4 Summary ................................................... 315 References ..................................................... 316

Contents XIX

Part X Searches for New Phenomena: Higgs

Higgs Production at Hadron Colliders Robert V. Harlander ............................................ 321

1 Higgs mass limits and bounds ................................. 321 2 Higgs production modes ...................................... 321

2.1 Higgs Strahlung ........................................ 323 2.2 Weak Boson Fusion (WBF) .............................. 324 2.3 ttH ................................................... 324

3 Gluon fusion ................................................ 325 3.1 Total rate at NNLO ..................................... 328 3.2 Distributions ........................................... 329 3.3 Higgs pair production ................................... 330

4 MSSM ..................................................... 330 5 Conclusions ................................................. 331 References ..................................................... 332

Higgs Searches and Prospects at CDF Pavel Murat .................................................... 334

1 Introduction ................................................ 334 2 SM Higgs Production at Hadron Colliders ...................... 334

2.1 CDF Run I searches for the light SM Higgs ................ 335 2.2 Iv bb channel .......................................... 335 2.3 11 bb channel .......................................... 336 2.4 qq bb channel ......................................... 336 2.5 vv bb channel ......................................... 337 2.6 Summary of the Run I SM Higgs Searches and Projections

for Run II ............................................. 337 3 CDF Searches for MSSM Higgs Bosons ......................... 338

3.1 Search for the Neutral MSSM Higgs ....................... 338 3.2 Search for the Charged Higgs ............................. 338 3.3 MSSM and Detection of the T-Ieptons .................... 339

4 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339 References ..................................................... 340

Prospects for Higgs Bosons at D0 Suyong Choi ................................................... 341

1 Introduction ................................................ 341 2 The Run 2 D0 Detector ..................................... 341 3 Run 2 Expectations ......................................... 342

3.1 SM Higgs Production at the Tevatron ..................... 342 3.2 MSSM Higgs Production at the Tevatron .................. 342

XX Contents

3.3 Review of Results from the SUSY-Higgs Workshop .......... 343 4 Current Status of D0 ....................................... 345

4.1 Lepton Identification .................................... 345 4.2 b-jet Tagging ........................................... 346 4.3 Summary of MC Simulation Studies at D0 ................ 346

References ..................................................... 347

Prospects of Higgs Physics at the LHC Bruce Mellado . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348

1 Introduction ................................................ 348 2 Running Conditions and Physics Analysis ...................... 348 3 The Search for the SM Higgs Boson ........................... 349

3.1 Recent Progress in SM Higgs Searches ..................... 350 4 Recent Progress in MSSM Higgs Searches ...................... 352 5 Conclusions ................................................. 354 References ..................................................... 355

Part XI Searches for New Phenomena: Alternative Symmetry Breaking Mechanisms, SUSY, Extra Dimensions, Anomalous Couplings, Leptoquarks and Compositness

Isolated Lepton Signatures at HERA Elisabetta Gallo ................................................ 359

1 Introduction ................................................ 359 2 Multi-lepton Events ......................................... 359

2.1 Multi-electron Events in HI .............................. 359 2.2 Multi-electron Events in ZEUS ........................... 361 2.3 Discussion ............................................. 361

3 Events with an Isolated Lepton and Missing PT ................. 362 4 Isolated T Events in ZEUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 5 Conclusion ................................................. 365 References ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365

Searches for New Particles/Phenomena at CDF Hyunsoo Kim .................................................. 366

1 Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 2 Searches for New Gauge Bosons ............................... 366 3 Large Extra Dimensions ...................................... 367 4 Search for Long-Lived Heavy Charged Particles ................. 368 5 Leptoquark Searches ......................................... 368 6 New Physics with Inclusive Lepton and Photon Final States ...... 369 7 Search for Gluinos and Scalar Quarks .......................... 369 8 Scalar Top Quark Searches ................................... 370

Contents XXI

8.1 R-Parity Conserving Stop Decay .......................... 370 8.2 R-Parity Violating Stop Decay ........................... 371

References ..................................................... 372

Searches and Expected Signatures at DO Andrei Nomerotski .............................................. 373

1 Introduction ................................................ 373 2 Search for Large Extra Dimensions ............................ 373

2.1 Dielectron and Diphoton Channels ........................ 373 2.2 Dimuon Channel ....................................... 375

3 Search for RPV SUSY in Trilepton Channels ................... 376 4 GMSB SUSY in Di-Photon Events ............................ 377 5 Search for Leptoquarks in the Dielectron Channel ............... 378 6 Search for Squarks and Gluinos in Jets +ItT Events ............. 378 7 Conclusions ................................................. 379

Searches and Discovery Prospects at HERA Yves Sirois . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380

1 Introduction ................................................ 380 2 Leptoquarks in Minimal Models ............................... 382 3 Contact Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 4 Leptoquarks in Generic Models ............................... 386 5 Lepton Flavour Violation ..................................... 387 6 R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry ............................ 388 7 Extra Dimensions ..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 8 Doubly Charged Higgs ....................................... 390 9 Anomalous Top Couplings .................................... 391 References ..................................................... 392

Supersymmetry at the LHC: Searches, Discovery Windows, and Expected Signatures Darin Acosta ................................................... 394

1 Introduction ................................................ 394 2 Trigger Strategies ........................................... 395 3 mSUGRA .................................................. 396

3.1 Inclusive Searches ....................................... 396 3.2 Exclusive Sparticle Reconstruction ........................ 398

4 GMSB ..................................................... 399 References ..................................................... 400

Searches, Discovery Windows, and Expected Signatures of New Phenomena at ATLAS and eMS Pamela Chumney ............................................... 402

1 Introduction ................................................ 402 2 Compositeness .............................................. 402

XXII Contents

3 Excited Quarks ............................................. 403 4 Technicolor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 5 Leptoquarks ................................................ 404 6 New Gauge Bosons .......................................... 405 7 Majorana Neutrinos ......................................... 406 8 Monopoles.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406 9 Extra Dimensions .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407 10 Black Holes ................................................. 407 11 Lepton Flavor Violation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 12 Conclusions ................................................. 408 References ..................................................... 408

Part XII Tools and Techniques for Physics Analysis: Luminosity Determination in Hadron-Hadron Collisions, Event Generators, New Developments in Analysis Techniques

Luminosity Determination at the Tevatron S. Klimenko .................................................... 413

1 Introduction ................................................ 413 2 Reference processes .......................................... 414

2.1 Inelastic pp scattering ................................... 414 2.2 W-production .......................................... 415

3 Luminosity monitoring in Run II .............................. 415 3.1 CDF luminosity monitor ................................. 415 3.2 D0 luminosity monitor .................................. 416

4 Methods of luminosity measurement ........................... 416 4.1 Counting of empty bunch crossings ........................ 417 4.2 Counting of hits ........................................ 418 4.3 Counting of particles by the CDF luminosity monitor ....... 419

5 Uncertainties of luminosity measurement ....................... 420 6 Luminosity cross-check with the W-production .................. 421 7 Conclusion ................................................. 422 8 Acknowledgments ........................................... 422 References ..................................................... 422

Luminosity Measurement at the LHC Michael Rijssenbeek ............................................ 424

1 Introduction ................................................ 424 2 Luminosity from Machine Parameters .......................... 425

2.1 Machine Instrumentation ................................ 426 3 Luminosity Measurement in the Experiments ................... 426

3.1 CMS-TOTEM ......................................... 426 3.2 ATLAS ................................................ 427 3.3 LHCb ................................................. 429

Contents XXIII

3.4 ALICE ................................................ 429 4 Conclusion ................................................. 430 References ..................................................... 430

Precision Parton Luminosities at the LHC Michael Dittmar ................................................ 431

1 Measuring Cross Sections at the LHC .......................... 431 2 Wand Z Production, a Well Known Reference Reaction .......... 432 3 Constraining Gluons and Heavy Quarks at the LHC ............. 435 4 What Remains to be Demonstrated? ........................... 437 References ..................................................... 438

Event Generators - New Developments Stefan Gieseke .................................................. 439

1 Introduction: event generators ................................ 439 1.1 An event generator for e+e- -collisions ..................... 439 1.2 Additional complications in pj5 collisions ................... 440

2 Matrix elements and parton showers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442 2.1 Matrix element corrections ............................... 442 2.2 Matching LO matrix elements with parton showers .......... 444 2.3 Matching parton showers with NLO matrix elements ........ 445

3 Development of Herwig++ ................................... 445 3.1 New parton shower variables ............................. 448 3.2 Multiscale shower ....................................... 449 3.3 Status of the program ................................... 450

References ..................................................... 451

HERA Event Generators for the Low Mass Region Victor Lendermann ............................................. 453

1 Introduction ................................................ 453 2 Processes Involving Low Mass Hadronisation .................... 453 3 Hadronisation Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456

3.1 DIFFVM .............................................. 456 3.2 EPSOFT .............................................. 458 3.3 SOPHIA ............................................... 460

4 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462 References ....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462

Optimal Use ofInformation for Measuring M t in Lepton+jets it Events Juan Estrada ................................................... 464

1 Introduction ................................................ 464 2 Measurement of M t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464 3 Conclusion ................................................. 470 References ..................................................... 470

XXIV Contents

Multivariate Analysis Techniques for Final State Reconstruction B. Koblitz ..................................................... 471

1 Introduction ................................................ 471 2 Probability Density Estimation Techniques ..................... 471 3 The PDE-RS Method ........................................ 472

3.1 The Range-Search Algorithm ............................. 473 3.2 Properties of PDE-RS and Comparison with NNs ........... 474 3.3 Time Consumption and Dependence on Box-Size ........... 475 3.4 An Application: Instanton-Induced Processes at HERA ...... 476

4 Conclusions ................................................. 477 5 Acknowledgement ........................................... 477 References ..................................................... 477

Jet Algorithms: a Mini-Review Sergei Chekanov . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478

1 Introduction ................................................ 478 2 Requirements on jet algorithms ............................... 478 3 Clustering algorithms for e+e- ................................ 479 4 Jet algorithms for ep and pp collisions .......................... 480

4.1 Differences between e+ e- and hadron collisions ............. 480 4.2 The cone algorithm ..................................... 481 4.3 The modified JADE algorithm ........................... 482 4.4 The k.1. algorithm ....................................... 482 4.5 The longitudinally invariant k.1. algorithm .................. 482

5 Differences between algorithms ................................ 483 5.1 Exclusive algorithms .................................... 483 5.2 Inclusive jet algorithms .................................. 483

6 Experimental situation ....................................... 484 References ..................................................... 486

CDF T Triggers, Analysis and Other Developments John R. Smith .................................................. 487

1 Introduction ................................................ 487 2 Run II Trigger System and Tau Triggers ....................... 487 3 Finding Taus: W -+ TV First Result ........................... 489 4 Fast Derivatives: Backwards Differentiation ..................... 490 References ..................................................... 493

User Oriented Design in High Energy Physics Applications: Physics Analysis Expert Martin Erdmann, Dominic Hirschbiihl, Yves Kemp, Patrick Schemitz, and Thorsten Walter ............................................ 494

1 Introduction ................................................ 494

Contents XXV

2 Tradition ................................................... 495 3 Multiple Interpretations of an Event ........................... 495 4 Command Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 5 Excluding/Re-Including Physics Objects ....................... 496 6 Detector Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 7 Relation to Other Packages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 8 Progress. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 References ..................................................... 497

Part XIII Future Colliders

Why We Need Both the LHC and an e+e- Linear Collider S. Dawson ..................................................... 501

1 Introduction ................................................ 501 2 Higgs Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 502 3 Supersymmetry (SUSY) ...................................... 505

3.1 SUSY Higgs Sector ..................................... 505 3.2 SUSY Partners ......................................... 506

4 The Top Quark ............................................. 507 5 Conclusion ................................................. 508 References ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509

Part XIV Summary Talk

Summary and Highlights of the Conference John Womersley ................................................ 513

1 Introduction ................................................ 513 2 Our Tools .................................................. 513

2.1 Accelerators and Detectors ............................... 513 2.2 Luminosity Measurement ................................ 514 2.3 Computing and Analysis ................................. 515 2.4 Simulation ............................................. 515 2.5 Proton Structure ....................................... 516 2.6 Theoretical Progress .................................... 516

3 Our Physics ................................................ 517 3.1 QCD .................................................. 517 3.2 CKM Physics .......................................... 520 3.3 Electroweak Physics ..................................... 521 3.4 The Top Quark ......................................... 522 3.5 The Higgs Boson ....................................... 523 3.6 Searches for Physics Beyond the Standard Model ........... 523

4 Our Future ................................................. 524 References ..................................................... 526

List of Contributors

Acosta Darin E. University of Florida P.O. Box 118440 Gainesville FL 32611 USA

Alton Andrew K. University of Michigan 30W121 Maplewood Dr Warrenville IL 60555 USA

Antoniades Ignatios CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Bartsch Valeria University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Bauer Daniela Imperial College London SW7 2BW UK

Behnke Olaf University of Heidelberg Philosophenweg 12 69120 Heidelberg Germany

Bellettini Gorgio INFN Pisa Via Livornese 1291 56010 S. Piero a Grado Pisa Italy

Bishai Mary R. Fermilab P.O. Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA

Blum Peter University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Bol Johannes University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Buscher Volker University of Mainz Staudinger Weg 7 55099 Mainz Germany

Chekanov Sergei Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S.Cass Avenue Argonne, IL 60439 USA

XXVIII List of Contributors

Chlebana Frank Fermilab P.O.Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA

Choi Suyong University of California, Riverside P.O.Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA

Chumney Pamela R. University of Wisconsin 1150 University Avenue Madison WI 53704 USA

Clark Allan G. Universite de Geneve CH-1211 Geneve Switzerland

Dallavalle Marco G. INFN-Bologna viale Berti-Pichat 6 40126 Bologna Italy

Dawson Sally BNL Upton NY 11973 USA

De Cecco Sandro Universita' di Roma "La Sapienza" Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 00185 Roma Italy

Dierlamm Alexander University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Dittmar Michael ETH Zurich 129 rue des airelles 01710 Thoiry France

Erdmann Martin University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Estrada Juan FERMILAB /DZERO P.O.Box 500 Batavia IL 60510 USA

Feindt Michael University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Fleischer Robert CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Forshaw Jeffrey R. University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M139PL UK

Gallas Elizabeth Fermilab P.O.Box 500 Batavia IL 60511 USA

Gallo Elisabetta INFN Firenze Notkestrasse 85 22603 Hamburg Germany

Gehrmann Thomas CERN CH-1211 Geneve 23 Switzerland

Giele Walter T. Fermilab PO Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 USA

Gieseke Stefan University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge CB30HE UK

Glover Nigel IPPP Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK

Gonzalez Oscar Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Behnstr. 81 D-22767 Hamburg Germany

Goshaw Alfred Th. Duke /Fermilab Box 90305 Durham, NC 27708 USA

Goulianos Konstantin Rockefeller U ni versi ty 1230 York Avenue New York, NY 10021 USA

List of Contributors XXIX

Gutay Laszlo J. Purdue University, USA Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA

Harlander Robert V. CERN CH-1211 Geneve 23 Switzerland

Harms Elvin R. Fermilab P.O. Box 500 Batavia, IL 60510 USA

Hartmann Frank University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Hirschbiihl Dominic University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Jakobs Karl Mainz University Staudinger Weg 7 55099 Mainz Germany

James Eric B. University of Michigan P.O. Box 500 Batavia, Illinois 60510 USA

Johns Kenneth A. University of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721 USA

XXX List of Contributors

Kasemann Matthias CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Kemp Yves University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Kerzel Ulrich University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Kim Hyunsoo University of Illinois at Urbana­Champaign P.O. Box 500 Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500 USA

Kleppe Ingolf University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Klimenko Sergey G. University of Florida North-South drive Gainesville, Florida, 32611 USA

Kluge Wolfgang University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Kniehl Bernd A. Hamburg University Luruper Chaussee 149 22761 Hamburg Germany

Koblitz Birger MPI for Physics, Munich Notkestrasse 85 22608 Hamburg Germany

Kondo Kunitaka Waseda University Okubo 3-4-1 Shinjuku, 169-8555 Japan

Kopf Markus University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Korn Andreas Fermilab P.O.Box 500 Batavia 60510 IL USA

Kotwal Ashutosh V. Duke University Science Drive Durham, NC 27708-0305 USA

Kroha Hubert Max-Planck-Institut f. Physik Foehringer Ring 6 D-80805 Munich Germany

K iihn Johann University of Karlsruhe

Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

List of Contributors XXXI

Lee Sung-Won Mellado Bruce Texas A&M Univ. CERN P.O. Box 500 CH-1211 Geneva 23 Batavia, Illinois 60510-0500 Switzerland USA

Ledermann Bernhard Menzemer Stefanie University of Karlsruhe University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe 76021 Karlsruhe Germany Germany

Lendermann Victor DESY Merk Marcel N otkestr. 85 NIKHEF 22607 Hamburg P.O. Box 41882 Germany 1009 DB Amsterdam

Netherland Levy Aharon University of Tel Aviv 69978 Tel Aviv Meyer Andreas

Israel University of Hamburg N otkestr. 85

Liss Tony M. 22603 Hamburg University of Illinois Germany 1110 W. Green Street Urbana, IL 61821 USA Moch Markus

University of Karlsruhe Martinez Mario Postfach 3640 FNAL/CDF 76021 Karlsruhe P.0.500. Germany Batavia, Illinois 60510 USA

Montgomery Hugh Mattig Peter Fermilab University of Wuppertal P. O. Box 500 GauBstr. 20 Batavia, Illinois 60510 42097 Wuppertal USA Germany

Mannel Thomas Muller Stefan

University of Karlsruhe University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe 76021 Karlsruhe Germany Germany

XXXII List of Contributors

M iiller Thomas University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Murat Pavel Fermilab P.O.Box 500 Batavia, 1L 60511 USA

Niebuhr Carsten DESY Baumkamp 60 22299 Hamburg Germany

Nomerotski Andrei Fermilab P.O.Box 501 Batavia, 1L 60511 USA

Oldenburg Markus D. Max-Planck-1nstitut fur Physik Fahringer Ring 6 80805 Munchen Germany

Palisoc Caesar University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City 1101 Philippines

Pallin Dominique LPC Clermont Ferrand 63177 Aubiere cedex France

Piasecki Christian University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Pukhaeva Nelli KSUjJ1NR CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland

Quadt Arnulf Bonn University Nussallee 12 53115 Bonn Germany

Quast Giinter University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Rabbertz Klaus University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Rehn Jens University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Rijssenbeek Michael Stony Brook Nicolls Rd Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA

Rinnert Kurt University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Rolandi Luigi CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Sander Christian University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Schemitz Patrick University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Schmitt Christian BU Wuppertal Gausstr.20 42097 Wuppertal Germany

Schnur busch Henning E. Bonn University Nussallee 12 53115 Bonn Germany

Skiba Alexander University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Simmons Elizabeth H. Boston University 590 Commonwealth A venue Boston, MA 02215 USA

Simonis Hans-Jiirgen University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

List of Contributors XXXIII

Sirois Yves Ecole Poly technique IN2P3-CNRS Route de Saclay 91128 Palaiseau France

Skiba Alexander University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Smith John R. UC Davis One Shields A venue Davis, Ca 95616-8677 USA

Stadie Hartmut University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Stanitzki Marcel University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Steffen Frank D. Theoretical Physics Heidelberg Philosophenweg 16 69120 Heidelberg Germany

Sushkov Serge CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland

Taylor Wendy J. Stony Brook University P.O. Box 500, M.S. 352 Batavia, IL 60510 USA

XXXIV List of Contributors

Tentindo-Repond Silvia Florida State University PO Box 500,ms 352 Batavia 1L 60510 USA

Thorne Robert S. University of Cambridge Madingley Road Cambridge, CB3 OHE UK

Valeriani Barbara University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Wagner Wolfgang University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Wallny Rainer S. CERN Route de Meyrin CH-1211 Geneve 23 Switzerland

Walter Thorsten University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Warsinsky Markus Bonn University Nussallee 12 53115 Bonn Germany

Weerts Hendrik Michigan State University 3247 Biomed. Phys. Sciences Building East Lansing Mi 48824-1111 USA

Wenig Johanna University of Karlsruhe Postfach 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany

Wermes Norbert Bonn University Nussallee 12 53115 Bonn Germany

Wessels Johannes P. GSI Darmstadt Planckstr. 1 D-64291 Darmstadt Germany

Willenbrock Scott Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana­Champaign 1110 West Green Street Urbana, IL 61801 USA

Womersley John Fermilab P.O.Box 500 Batavia, IL 60511 USA

WuXin University of Geneva CH-1211 Geneva Switzerland

Zeppenfeld Dieter Madison University 1150 University Ave Madison, WI 53706 USA