hagun rigging study and lifting study

7/27/2019 HaGun Rigging Study and Lifting Study

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Lifting Study

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Rigging

Study

Lifting

Study

Installation

Sequence

Project Management


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START

DATA MATERIAL:

DIMENSION & WEIGHT

REFERENCE:RIGGING BOOK + EQUIPMENT MANUAL + Standard Rigging

NEED DUO CRANE

TAILING DESIGNMONO CRANE

No

Yes

JSA

RIGGING PLAN

STOP

REPORT

ACTION

CONTROL

Risk


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R i g g i n g S t u d y1. Weight of Material

2. Dimension of Material

3. Center Gravity

1. Sling Dimension

2. Lifting Lug3. Shackle

4. Spreader Beam


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L i f t i n g S t u d y1. Site Arrangement

2. Site Elevation

3. Free Space4. Ground and Access

1. Type of LiftingSolo Crane / Duo Crane

2. Type of Crane

Rough Terrain / Truck Crane / Crawler


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10

L i f t i n g S t u d y


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LiftingProcedure


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STEP 1

LIFTING TOOLS IN SPECIAL CONDITION


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STEP 2


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STEP 3


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STEP 4


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Displacement

Frame Analysis


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Displacement

Stress Analysis


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RIGGING DEPARTMENT LOGO

.LIFT

SWINGMOVE

DOWN

In safety corridor

THINK SAFE

DO SAFELY

SAFETY FIRST


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Rigging Study

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What is

Rigging?


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Definition of Rigging

Rigging is part of the lifting

operation which forms the link

between the crane and the load


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Rigging

Study

Lifting

Study

Installation

Sequence

Project Management


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START

DATA MATERIAL:

DIMENSION & WEIGHT

REFERENCE:

RIGGING BOOK + EQUIPMENT MANUAL + Standard Rigging

NEED DUO CRANE

TAILING DESIGNMONO CRANE

No

Yes

JSA

RIGGING PLAN

STOP

REPORT

ACTION

CONTROL

Risk


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R i g g i n g S t u d y1. Weight of Material

2. Dimension of Material

3. Center Gravity

1. Sling Dimension

2. Lifting Lug3. Shackle

4. Spreader Beam


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R i g g i n g S t u d y


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L i f t i n g S t u d y1. Site Arrangement

2. Site Elevation

3. Free Space4. Ground and Access

1. Type of LiftingSolo Crane / Duo Crane

2. Type of Crane

Rough Terrain / Truck Crane / Crawler


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Training Objectives:

Review fundamentals of

rigging

the load

the hitch

attachments

sling angle

D/d ratio

General use guidelines

Provide answers totechnical questions

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Rigging - Plan

Who is responsible for the rigging?

Is the equipment in safe condition?

Are the working load limits adequate?

Will the load be under control? Are there any unusual loading or environmental

conditions?

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Rigging Basics The Load

Load weight shall be within rated capacity of the sling*ASME B30.9

*such that no part of the rigging

is overloaded

A COMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF THE LOAD FORCES IS REQUIRED!35


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Load weight may be obtained from:

equipment nameplate

packing list

drawings shipping tag

weighing the load

an estimate or calculation of load weight

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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity

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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity The center of gravity is the point at

which a load will balance - and thatpoint must be directly below the hookor principal lifting point.

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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity

The center of gravity is the point at which aload will balance - and that point must be

directly below the hook or principal liftingpoint.

An object will tilt until its center of gravity ISdirectly below the hook.

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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity

The center of gravity is the point

at which a load will balance - andthat point must be directly belowthe hook or principal liftingpoint.

An object will tilt until its centerof gravity IS directly below the

hook. If an object is evenly shaped

measure to find the center ofgravity


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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity

The center of gravity is the point at which a load will balance - andthat point must be directly below the hook or principal liftingpoint.

An object will tilt until its center of gravity IS directly below thehook.

If an object is evenly shaped measure to find the center of gravity

Determination of center of gravity of unevenly shaped objects canbe very complicated mistakes or bad assumptions can result indisastrous consequences

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Load information:

Size

Weight

Center of gravity

The center of gravity is the point at which a load will balance - andthat point must be directly below the hook or principal liftingpoint.

An object will tilt until its center of gravity IS directly below thehook.

If an object is evenly shaped measure to find the center of gravity

Determination of center of gravity of unevenly shaped objects canbe very complicated mistakes or bad assumptions can result indisastrous consequences

Always make the load connection point is above the center ofgravity

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Center of Gravity

Finding the center of gravity based on weights

3000 #

6000 #

2000 #

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Center of Gravity


6000 #

2000 #

6000/(6000+2000)

= 3/4 = 75%75%

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Center of Gravity


8000 #

8000/(8000+3000)

= .73 = 73%

3000 #73%

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Center of Gravity

Other methods of establishing COG

require supplier to mark COG

find by trial lifts

find by trial and error

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Center of Gravity

Other methods of establishing COG

require supplier to mark COG

find by trial lifts

find by trial and error

Caution: weight must be known and rigging may

need to be oversized before using anytrial method

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Rigging Basics - Hitches

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Vertical having the load

suspended vertically on

a single part or leg of

the sling.

Characteristics:

Load capacity is 100 % that of a single part

Taglines should be used if the load tends to rotate as

rotation can damage the sling. Use on items with lifting eye bolts or shackles or when a

second sling is used in a spreader bar application

Do NOT use when lifting loose or lengthy material,

anything difficult to balance

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Basket - loading with the sling passed under theload and both ends on the hook, master

link, or lifting device

Characteristics:

Effectively doubles the capacity of a singlevertical sling

Stress on each leg tends to be equalized

Use on straight lifts when the load is shaped so

that the sling (or slings) will not slide over the

surface.

Do NOT use on loads that are difficult tobalance and could tilt or slip out of the sling(s).

When terminating to a common point (like a

hook), sling angle can reduce sling capacity.

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Choker loading with the sling passed through

one eye or choker hook and

suspended by the other end

Characteristics:

Choker hitch is easy to attach & forms a noose

that tightens as the load is lifted

Rated capacity is 75% of the single part*.

Use to turn a load (if possible use a double

choker hitch) or when handling bundles of bars orpipes

Do NOT use on loads difficult to balance or which

may slip out the choke

* based on wire rope and chain slings, 120 degree angle of choke 51


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Choke angle the angle formed between the load

line and the noose

Angel of Choke

Rated Capacity Factor*

120 - 180 = 100%

90 - 119 = 87%

60 - 89 = 74%

30 - 59 = 62%

0 - 29 = 49%

*based on wire rope slings 52


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Do not confuse choke angle with angle of inclination of

the load

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Choker hitches are not suited to long loose bundles

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Rigging Basics - Hitches Double Wrap Basket Hitch

adjustment of slings is required while taking upslack to avoid overloading one side of the sling

(this applies to all basket hitches)

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Turning loads with a

choker hitch

Loads in legs will equalize

during lifting

Loads in legs will tend not

to equalize during lifting

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Rigging Basics Sling Angle

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Sling angle has a dramatic effect on the actual load on the sling. Take asling that has a 1000 pound vertical lifting capacity in a basket hitch:

As angle decreases - tension on each leg increases - increasing the strain on each leg


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A different look, with the same load and sling, changingthe angle has a similar dramatic effect

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The sling angle factor equals H divided by L, the inverse,

L/H, can also be used to calculate sling load

L/H is useful to calculate sling load when the vertical force is known.L/H for common angles is approximately: 60 - 1.2; 45 - 1.4; 30 - 2

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Rigging Basics

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Rigging Basics

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Sling Angle Example ProblemSelect slings to pick up the load shown below.

CG28

10,000#

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Sling Angle Example ProblemSelect slings to pick up the load shown below.

CG28

10,000#

First, we need to know the vertical load at each

connection point, A and B to support the load.

A B

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Sling Angle ExampleSelect slings to pick up the load shown below.

CG28

10,000#

We know we want to position the hook

directly over the center of gravity

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CG28

10,000#

Next we know the sling furthest away from the hook

will have the smallest angle, so well size it first and

base our sling angle at the optimal angle of 60.

60

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CG28

10,000#

Since the angle is 60, the height of the hook is now

fixed as is the sling length. Because the angle is 60,

the sling length is twice the base length (2 x 8 = 16).

60

16

Cosine 60 = 0.5 68


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CG28

10,000#

Knowing the L/H = 1.2 for 60 sling angle, the height of

the hook is

L/H = 1.2

H = 16/1.2

H = 13.3 feet

60

13.3

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CG28

10,000#

Additionally, knowing that L/H = 1.2 for 60 sling angle, the load

on sling A = 1.2 x ForceA or 1.2 x 2,000# = 2,400#.

60

13.3

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CG28

10,000#

Sling Bs length can now be calculated to an exact number.

Length of Sling B = (13.3)2 + (2)2 = 13.44 feet

60

13.3

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CG28

10,000#

Using wire rope slings, EIPS grade, 6x19 class rope

with a mechanical splice,

Sling A needs to be 3/8-in. diameter min.

Sling B needs to be -in. diameter min.

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13.3

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Rigging Basics D/d Ratio

D/d ratio is the ratio of the diameteraround which the sling is bent dividedby the body diameter of thesling. Whenever a sling body is bentaround a diameter, the strength of thesling is decreased.

Application: 6x19 and 6x37 Class rope, may not apply to cable laid or braided slings

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Rigging Basics D/d Ratio

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Rigging Attachments

Sockets

swaged and poured

socket assemblies shall

be proof tested

mechanical splice single

vertical leg slings test

shall be 2 times vertical

load limit

ASME B30.976


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Rigging Attachments

Shackles

used only those rated for

overhead lifting

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Rigging Attachments

Shackles

synthetic web slings

connected to shackles of

sufficient size to not

cause bunching orpinching of the sling

Use wide shackles to

prevent pinching orbunching

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h


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Rigging Attachments

Hooks inspect before use, use ASME B30.10or a recognized Engineering Standard

Spread

hook

Where is the hook latch??79

h


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Rigging Attachments

Hooks avoid eccentric loading of hooks

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Rigging Attachments

Hooks

do not exceed 90 degrees included angle when connecting

two slings in a hook. If you have an included angle more than

90 degrees, or more than two legs, use a shackle or a master

link to connect.

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Ri i A h


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Rigging Attachments

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Rigging Attachments

Turnbuckles

Turnbuckles can be used to adjust sling length. Be sure to use

only load rated components

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Ri i A h


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Rigging Attachments

Eye bolts

use only forged eye bolts rated for lifting

never use if damaged, bent, elongated

never use regular eye bolts for angular lifts

always seat shoulder against the load

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Eye bolts always shim eye bolts to seat shoulder in-line for

angular loading

for angular lifts reduce working load

45 degrees 30% of rated working load

90 degrees 25% of rated working load

Angle of pull

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Eye bolt - rigging

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Eye bolt - rigging

How to prevent load buckling?

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Spreader beam - A below-the-hook lifting device that utilizestwo or more hooks (attachingdevices) located along a beamand the spreader beamattaches to the hoist by means

of a bail. The spreader beamis used to handle long or wideload and serves to "spread"the load over more than onelifting point. Often used inconjunction with slings.

Note: a common misconception of spreader beams is that they equalize the loading

along the beam. They do not! Spreaders only eliminate horizontal forces from affecting

the load being hoisted.

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Spreader beam

Spreader Beam

Center of gravity

L

1/2 L

Fa

FbWith the CG off center of

the hook as shown, the vertical

force at Fa will be 75% of the

load weight and the vertical force

at Fb will be 25% of the totalload weight.

No horizontal forces will be

exerted on the load.

Total Weight = W

1/2 L

Load

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Spreader beam

Spreader Beam

Center of gravity

L

1/2 L

Fa

FbWith the CG off center of

the hook as shown, the vertical

force at Fa will be 75% of the

load weight and the vertical forceat Fb will be 25% of the total

load weight.

No horizontal forces will be

exerted on the load.

Total Weight = W

1/2 L

Load

As shown, will the

load be level during

hoisting?

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Ri i Att h t


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Rigging Attachments

Spreader beam

The load will tilt until

the center of gravity

aligns with the hook.

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Rigging Attachments


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Rigging Attachments

Spreader beam

Center of gravity

L

L

Fa

Fb

Without the use of a spreader

beam, the vertical forces remain

the same, however, the sling load

is a function of the sling angle and

the sling load will be higher thanthe sling between the spreader

and the load.

There will, in this case, be

horizontal forces exerted upon

the load, dependent upon the

sling angle.Total Weight = W

Fh

Fh

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General Use Guidelines


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Pre-use and periodic inspection is required on all slingand rigging components

OSHA 1926.251, 1910.184 93

Periodic inspection

frequency/records Periodic inspectionperformed by ? Frequent inspectionfrequency/records Label*


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Chain slings OSHA 1910.184(e)(3)at least

annually with records

ASME: normalannually; severe

servicemonthly to

quarterly with records

OSHAcompetent person

ASME - competent person

OSHAbefore use

(1910.184(d) w/o records

ASME: normalmonthly;

severe servicedaily to

weekly w/o records

OSHAsize, grade, rated cap.,

& reach

ASME: mfgr., grade, size, no. of

legs, reach, rated load for

hitches

Wire rope

slings

OSHAnone

ASMEbased on service, at least

annually with records

OSHAno periodic

ASMEcompetent person

OSHAbefore use

(1910.184(d)

ASMEdaily w/o records

OSHAnone

ASMEmfgr., size, rated load

for type of hitch & angle

Synthetic web

slings

OSHAnone

ASME

recommended at leastannually based on service,

records recommended

OSHAno periodic

ASME - competent person

OSHAbefore use

(1910.184(d)ASME - daily w/o records

OSHArating @ each type of

hitch, type of materialASMEmfgr., mfgr. Stock no.,

rated load for each type of

hitch, material type &

construction

Metal meshslings

OSHA

noneASME - based on service, at least

annually; records

recommended

OSHA

no periodicASME - competent person

OSHA

before use(1910.184(d)

ASMEdaily w/o records

OSHA

rated @ vertical andchoker hitch loading

ASMEmfgr., rated load for

hitch & angle, width and

gauge

* Sling I.D., per ASME B30.9, shall be maintained to be legible for the life of the sling 94



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Rigging equipment shallnot be loaded beyond

its recommended

working load limit (WLL)

OSHA 1926.251

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When not in use, rigging shall be removed from workarea and properly stored

OSHA 1926.25196



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During lifting, personnel shall bealert for possible snagging

ASME B30.997



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Slings should be longenough so that rated

load is adequate

ASME B30.998



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Multiple leg slings shall be selected so as not to introduceinto the leg, a load greater than permitted

ASME B30.9Note: select multiple leg slings based on two

legs supporting the entire weight of the load and

the other leg(s) balancing the load.

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Shock loading should be avoided

ASME B30.9100



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The load shall be applied to the center of the hook(unless the hook is designed for point loading)

ASME B30.9101



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When used in a choker hitch, prevent the load on anyportion of the sling from exceeding the rated load

ASME B30.9102



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Slings shall not be shortened by knotting or twisting

ASME B30.9103



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Slings should not be pulled from under a load when theload is resting on the sling

ASME B30.9104



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Slings should not be dragged on the floor

ASME B30.9105



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Sharp corners in contact with the sling should bepadded

ASME B30.9106



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The following slide is not for the faint of heart. If you are are bothered

by accident scenes, do not look at the screen until the All Clear

signal is given.

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And not Be the suspended load!!

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No Homemade Slings


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No Homemade Slings

WARNINGNo wire rope sling shall be fabricated using wire rope clips!!

Preferred sling construction is to use

a Flemish eye splice with a mechanical

sleeve (turn back construction is not

recommendable)

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RIGGING DEPARTMENT LOGO


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.LIFTSWING

MOVEDOWN

In safety corridor

THINK SAFEDO SAFELY

SAFETY FIRST

hagun rigging study and lifting study

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