halo patrick baudisch, microsoft research, ldux* & ruth rosenholtz, parc, asd april 10 th, chi...
TRANSCRIPT
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halo
patrick baudisch, microsoft research, LDUX*
& ruth rosenholtz, parc, ASD
april 10th, CHI 2003
*while at xerox parc, now parc inc.
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+
the problem
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halo <demo>
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contents
halo is not a focus plus context technique(related work)
halo is a lamp shining onto the street(designing halo)
halo is 16-33% faster than arrow-based visualization techniques (user study)
build interactive halo applications! (conclusions, lessons learned)
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related work
driving directionsvs. route planning aids
overview-plus-detail focus-plus-context
pointing into off-screen space
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halo design
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cinematography
1. entry and exit points
2. point of viewarrow-based techniques
3. partially out of the frame halo
rings are familiar, graceful degradation
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streetlamps
aura visible from distance aura is round overlapping auras aggregate fading of aura indicates distance
what we changed smooth transition sharp edge disks rings dark background light background
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intrusion border
handle
space for arcs…
and for corner arcs
reserve space for content
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arc length = distance
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handling many objects
find best (restaurant): relevance cut-off
see all (dangers): merge arcs
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app designers can use
color texture arc thickness
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user study
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interfacesarc/arrow fading offscale 110-300m/cmmap as backdropreadability oksame selectable
size
hypothesis:
halo faster
halo ring distance from display border
legend
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pre-study to define tasks
8 participants (6 GPS users, 2 PDA users) informal interviews 10-40 minutes
4 tasks to be used in study
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1. locate task
click at expected location of off-screen targets
had tosimulate on PC
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2. closest task
click arrow/arc or off-screen location closest to car
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3. traverse task
click all five targets so as to form shortest path
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4. avoid task
click on hospital farthest away from traffic jams
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procedure
12 participants within subject design, counterbalanced four training maps per interface/task,
then eight timed maps questionnaire
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task completion time
Task Arrow interface Halo interface
Locate 20.1 (7.3) 16.8 (6.7)
Closest 9.9 (10.1) 6.6 (5.3)
Traverse 20.6 (14.1) 16.8 (8.7)
Avoid 9.2 (4.7) 7.7 (5.8)
0
5
10
15
20
25
Locate Closest Traverse Avoid
Arrow interface
Halo interface
33%
16%
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error rateTask Arrow interface Halo interface
Locate 23.5 pixels (21.6) 28.4 pixels (33.8)
Closest 22% (42%) 21% (41%)
Traverse 97.4 pixels (94.7) 81.0 pixels (96.7)
Avoid 15% (35%) 14% (34%)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Locate Closest Traverse Avoid
Arrow interface
Halo interface
participants underestimated distances by 26% participants saw ovals (gestalt laws?) we can compensate for that: width += 35%
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Locate Closest Traverse Avoid
Arrow interface
Halo interface
subjective preference
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conclusions
halo 16%-33% faster than arrows– no split attention– distortion-free space– scale independent– no need to annotate distance– perceive all rings at once
[treisman & gormican] limitation: max number or rings
future work: applications where peripheral objects move and change
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Thanks!
try halo: http://www.patrickbaudisch.com/projects/halo
polle zellweger, jock mackinlay,lance good, and mark stefik( “citylights” short paper talk)
scott minneman and allison woodruff
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end
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Extra
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(a) locate (b) closest
(d) avoid(c) traverse