hand cutting instrument used in dentistry

8/4/2019 Hand Cutting Instrument Used in Dentistry

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HAND CUTTINGHAND CUTTING

INSTRUMENT USED ININSTRUMENT USED INDENTISTRYDENTISTRY


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IntroductionIntroduction

ManyMany dental procedures require the use of handdental procedures require the use of handinstruments with sharp cutting edges. This cuttinginstruments with sharp cutting edges. This cutting

instrument group used in operative dentistryinstrument group used in operative dentistryincludes :includes : ExcavatorsExcavators

ChiselsChisels

HatchetsHatchets HoesHoes

Gingival margin trimmers. They are used in the cavityGingival margin trimmers. They are used in the cavitypreparation of both amalgam and composite (resin)preparation of both amalgam and composite (resin)restorations.restorations.


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MaterialsMaterials

The hand cutting instruments areThe hand cutting instruments are

manufactured from two main materials :manufactured from two main materials :

Carbon steelCarbon steel

Stainless steelStainless steel

In addition some instruments are made withIn addition some instruments are made with

carbide inserts to provide more durable cuttingcarbide inserts to provide more durable cuttingedges.edges.


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ClassificationClassification

1.1. ChiselsChisels

2.2. ExcavatorsExcavators3.3. Special form of chiselsSpecial form of chisels

4.4. MiscellaneousMiscellaneous


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ChiselsChisels

1.1. StraightStraight

2.2.

MonoangleMonoangle

3.3. BiangleBiangle

4.4. Triple angleTriple angle


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1.1. Straight chisel :Straight chisel :

Straight plane line with shank.Straight plane line with shank.

Primary cutting edge perpendicular to the longPrimary cutting edge perpendicular to the long

axis of handleaxis of handle Single plane instrumentSingle plane instrument

Mechanism of action :Mechanism of action : It cant be right or left.It cant be right or left. It can be used both side.It can be used both side.


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2.2. Mono-angle :Mono-angle :

One angle between shank and bladeOne angle between shank and blade

Can be mesially or distally beveled.Can be mesially or distally beveled.

Otherwise same as straight chisel.Otherwise same as straight chisel.

3.3. Bin-angle : Two angle.Bin-angle : Two angle.

4.4. Triple-angle : Three angle.Triple-angle : Three angle.


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Bin-angle ChiselBin-angle Chisel


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ExcavatorsExcavators

HatchetsHatchets

SpoonSpoon DiscoidDiscoid

CleoidCleoid


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Hatchet ExcavatorHatchet Excavator

Features :Features : Cutting edge of the blade in the same plane with theCutting edge of the blade in the same plane with the

handle.handle.

Single plane instrument. So it is direct cutting instrument.Single plane instrument. So it is direct cutting instrument.

Bi-bevelled.Bi-bevelled.

Mechanism of action :Mechanism of action : Cut by being pushed or pulled in directionCut by being pushed or pulled in direction

Can be used also in lateral cutting instrumentsCan be used also in lateral cutting instruments

Direct + lateral cutting used sometimesDirect + lateral cutting used sometimes

Use :Use : Delicate cutting within preparation in anterior tooth likeDelicate cutting within preparation in anterior tooth like

sharpening of line or point angle or flattening the floor.sharpening of line or point angle or flattening the floor.


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Hatchet ExcavatorHatchet Excavator


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Hoe ExcavatorHoe Excavator

Design:Design: Primary cutting edge in perpendicular to the plane ofPrimary cutting edge in perpendicular to the plane of

handle.handle.

Single plane instrument.Single plane instrument.

Mechanical use :Mechanical use : Vertical pull or push / direct cutting.Vertical pull or push / direct cutting.

Right and left / lateral cutting.Right and left / lateral cutting.

Use :Use : Planning tooth preparation walls in case of class iii andPlanning tooth preparation walls in case of class iii and

class v cavity.class v cavity.

Longer and heavier blade design are used for posteriorLonger and heavier blade design are used for posteriortooth.tooth.


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CleoidCleoid

Design :Design : Shape of cutting edge like a claw.Shape of cutting edge like a claw.

Blade comes to end-like points.Blade comes to end-like points.

They are double plane instruments.They are double plane instruments.

So lateral cutting instruments are made in pairs.So lateral cutting instruments are made in pairs.

Movement :Movement : Right and left cutting movementRight and left cutting movement

Lateral scrapping motionLateral scrapping motion

Use :Use : Excavation of soft cariesExcavation of soft caries

Carving wax particlesCarving wax particles

Deeper most caries removal, without harming pulp.Deeper most caries removal, without harming pulp.


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Cleoid ExcavatorCleoid Excavator


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DiscoidDiscoid

Design :Design : Circular cutting edge.Circular cutting edge.

They are double plane instruments.They are double plane instruments.

So lateral cutting instruments are made in pairs.So lateral cutting instruments are made in pairs.

Movement :Movement : Right and left cutting movementRight and left cutting movement

Lateral scrapping motionLateral scrapping motion

Use :Use : Excavation of soft cariesExcavation of soft caries

Carving wax particlesCarving wax particles

Deeper most caries removal, without harming pulp.Deeper most caries removal, without harming pulp.


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Discoid ExcavatorDiscoid Excavator


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Special form of chiselSpecial form of chisel

Enamel hatchetsEnamel hatchets Gingival margin trimmerGingival margin trimmer

Angle formerAngle former Wedel-staedt chiselWedel-staedt chisel Off-set hatchetOff-set hatchet Off-set hatchets with cutting edges makin an angleOff-set hatchets with cutting edges makin an angle

other than a perpendicular angle with the long axisother than a perpendicular angle with the long axisof the shaft.of the shaft.

Triangular chiselTriangular chisel Hoe chiselHoe chisel


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Wedel-staedt ChiselWedel-staedt Chisel


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Enamel HatchetEnamel Hatchet

Same as ordinary hatchet.Same as ordinary hatchet.

Special form of chisel.Special form of chisel.

Hatchet shank has one or more angle, blade andHatchet shank has one or more angle, blade and

cutting edge.cutting edge.

Difference :Difference : Blade is larger and heavier and beveled on mesial/distalBlade is larger and heavier and beveled on mesial/distal

side.side.

Ordinary hatchet is single plane instrument.Ordinary hatchet is single plane instrument.

Use :Use : Splitting and cleaving of undermined enamel.Splitting and cleaving of undermined enamel.


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G.M.T. (Gingival Marginal Trimmer)G.M.T. (Gingival Marginal Trimmer)

Blade is curved as in spoon excavators.Blade is curved as in spoon excavators.

Primary edge is at an angle to axis of the blade otherPrimary edge is at an angle to axis of the blade otherthan 90.than 90.

Double plane and single beveled.Double plane and single beveled.

Two pair instruments.Two pair instruments.

Total 4 instruments like :Total 4 instruments like : Mesial right side instrumentMesial right side instrument

Mesial left side instrumentMesial left side instrument Distal right side instrumentDistal right side instrument

Distal left side instrumentDistal left side instrument

Mechanism of action :Mechanism of action : Two plane instruments primarily a lateral cutting instrument.Two plane instruments primarily a lateral cutting instrument.

Trims margins of various walls.Trims margins of various walls.


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MiscellaneousMiscellaneous

Dental probes.Dental probes.

Knives :Knives : Gold knives.Gold knives.

Amalgam knives.Amalgam knives.

Finishing knives.Finishing knives.

Dental files.Dental files.


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Dental ProbeDental Probe


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Prepared by :Prepared by :

Dhairya PatelDhairya Patel

Abraham JohnsonAbraham Johnson

Chandni PatelChandni Patel

Ravina KhimesraRavina Khimesra

Sejal MehtaSejal Mehta

hand cutting instrument used in dentistry

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