hand hygiene to prevent the spread of disease lynn nakamura-tengan extension educator
Post on 20-Dec-2015
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Hand Hygiene to Prevent the Spread of
Disease
Lynn Nakamura-Tengan
Extension Educator
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What will be covered• Basic information about germs
– Types – Modes of transmission
• Importance of hand washing– When to wash– How to wash
• Alternative hand hygiene options– Products available
• Implementation in local settings
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Germs-microscopic organism
• Bacteria
• Viruses
• Fungi
• Protozoa
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Bacteria• a single cell • helpful, pathogenic (harmful,
causing disease), and spoilage (deteriorates food)
• balls, rods, or spirals • Salmonella, Staphylococcus
aureus, Streptococci • Some bacteria produce poisons
called toxins -Clostridium botulinum bacteria
Streptococci Bacteria
Source: National Institute of Health-NIAID
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Viruses• Viruses are smaller than bacteria• Viruses are protein structures, not cells• Require a living host to survive• Highly infectious• Viruses can be rod-shaped, sphere-
shaped, or multisided, common examples:Hepatitis A, Norwalk virus, influenzavirus
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Fungi• primitive vegetable• found in air, in soil, on plants, and in
water• familiar ones - mushrooms, yeast, mold,
and mildew• Some live in the human body, without
causing illness• Some are beneficial - penicillin
and yeast for fermentation
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Protozoa• microscopic one-celled animals• Protozoa can be parasites or
predators• In humans, protozoa usually cause
disease• Examples: Malaria - a protozoan
parasite, Trichinia spialis (pork and wild game meats), Giardia lamblia (contaminated water and anything it contacts)
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Germs: modes of transmission • Person to person
• Cuts, abrasions, wounds
• Insects – mosquito (Dengue, West Nile), flea (plague) , tick (Lyme disease)
• Water – e-coli, Cryptosporidia, Giardia and Salmonella
• Pets – dogs & cats (rabies), reptiles (Salmonella)
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Germs: modes of transmission • Air - cough and sneeze
• Hands
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Germ enter your body - hands• Hands to food – unwashed hands
preparing foods• Hand to hand – shaking hands• Food to hands to food – raw poultry to
ready to eat foods• Food to hands to infant – diaper
changing to infant• Nose, mouth or eyes to hand • Hands to nose, mouth, eyes
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Germs enter your body - other• Insects such as mosquitoes, fleas and
ticks• Animal bites• Open cuts, abrasions, or wounds;
treat and cover wounds immediately.
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Avian FluGreatest risk from handling & slaughtering
infected poultry• Do not eat sick or dead poultry• Do not touch sick or dead birds without gloves• Do not let children touch or play with sick or
dead birds or their feathers
• Do not sell or buy birds from infected area• Do not move sick or dead birds out of an
infected area• Do not drink unboiled/treated water from
areas with bird droppings • Do not swim in waters used by wild birds birds
m
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Handwashing Hand hygiene is the primary measure to reduce
infections…”
Soaps - designed to clean the skin by removing dirt, oils and germs.
Antibacterial soaps - contain Triclocarbon and Triclosan, for added germ killing protection
Hand sanitizers – waterless, include a germ kill ingredient: alcohol, Triclocarbon, Triclosan
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When to wash your hands• Before and after eating, drinking, smoking or
chewing tobacco products• After going to the bathroom • After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who
has gone to the bathroom • Before and after tending to someone who is sick • After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing • After touching hair, face or clothing• After handling an animal, animal parts or animal
waste • After handling garbage, cleaning products,
pesticides, fertilizers, soil• Before and after treating a cut or wound• Anytime hands look dirty
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Hand washing Experiment
1. Break up into 6 groups– Liquid soap and water– Foam Soap– Water only– Alcohol sanitizer– Chlorine sanitizer– Hand wipes
2. Apply “Pretend Germ lotion”3. Clean hands as directed for your group4. Record results of your hand hygiene5. Discussion on findings
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Handwashing Resources:• Clean Your Hands brochure
• Multi-lingual Handwashing poster• Germ City - When to Wash and Wash Your Hands posters• Handwashing Video by Carl Winters, UC Davies -
http://foodsafe.ucdavis.edu/FSM_Source/HTML_Source_FSM/music_videos.html
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Thank youand
Happy Handwashing!