Handling and restraining of AnimalsADEEL BAIG11-arid-926PMAS-AAUR

DOCTOR OF VETRINARY MEDICIN

Handling & restraining

Handling and restraining means controllinganimals for various purposes For medical treatment Artificial insemination Rectal palpationSurgical operations ShoeingExamination of eyes buccal cavity

Cont……….

Various devices can be used to properly RestrainingHalterHead collarTwitchesBull ringsMouth gagesCradleMuzzles crushHobbles

Restraining techniques for cattle

Cattle restraint techniques are designed todivert attention from where you want to treatand prevent kicking and make possible somespecial procedure.

Nose Lead technique

• Lift the animal’ s head fairly high and pull towards the side opposite that on which you intend to work. Apply pressure on the bridge between the nostrils to cause temporary pain in the sensitive tissues between the nostrils

Heads Restraint technique

Manually grasp the bridge between the nostrils with the thumb and forefinger of one hand and hold it firmly . With the other hand, hold the horn rear .

Ear twitch technique

Ear twitches are easy to make and are very effective On a one foot length of a strong bar tie the lose end of 1.5 feet length of soft rope. Apply and twist the twitch on the ear lobe carefully and firmly to exact little pressure on the ear lobe. Apply enough pressure only to elicit pain that can divert the animal’ s attention.Always treat the ear lobe with caution so as not to damage the ear cartilage.

Milking Hopples technique• Apply the figure “8” just above the hock to prevent kicking • while milking.• Hock twitch is the milkers delight. It prevents a cow from raising • the rear legs and thus prevents kicking. It is simple and effective. • Get a rope made of heavy cotton between 18-22 inches around the • hind legs just above the hock joint in figure of “8” pattern crossing • between the two legs. A strong stick or piece about a foot long is

put • through the eye by turning the stick, the rope is twisted until it binds • the legs tightly and presses the tendon down. Thus it prevents the

animal • raising its legs and make milking possible

Legs raising technique

• First apply a nose lead. Grasp the legs at the pastern with the left hand

• With the left shoulder push the cow’ s flank to shift her leg to the other near ….

• legs, at the same time raise the rear leg.

Tail restraining technique

• Y our assistant may apply the tail restraint whenever it is necessary to distract

• cow’ s attention from another part of her body on which work is being done.

• It may be used when giving udder injections to a nervous cow . Keep both

• hands close to the base of the tail as much as possible. Stand to the side of the

• cow to avoid being kicked and apply a lifting force on the tail. It should be gentle but firm.

Crush restraining technique

• If many adult cattle are to be confined at a time, a crush is most advised. Get the

• entire animals close together . Use the person most familiar with the cows to go

• close to them then to the animal in question. It is always advisable to hold a

• long rope that has a loose note at one end. Go as close to the cattle as possible

• and get the rope into the head or horns. With the rope in place it will be easier to

• lead and finally restrained.

Calves restraining technique

• Reach across the animal’ s back and pull the legs on the side closest to you outward. Calve is then eased down to the ground with the weight against your

• legs, so that it falls to the ground gently . You should never cast a calf by pulling

• its leg quickly from under its body so that he falls hard on its side. A very young

• animal, it may be injured in that way. Beef calf haltered. A safe position at the point of the shoulder

Sheep restrain

• Sheep are timid animals. They do not seem to enjoy being stroked or petted

• The usual response is to flee when frightened and they may cause serious injury to themselves in their effort to escape

• Sheep have extremely strong flocking instincts and tend to behave as a group

When catching sheep, several points are key

• Individual sheep need to be separated from the flock: this is often done by first driving the flock into an enclosure pen, then cornering a single sheep against a fence or wall.

• The sheep may try to flee by going through the fence or climbing along the fence or wall

• Another common tendency to avoid is catching them by grabbing the wool: this can easily pull out the wool and bruise or rip the skin

• Grabbing by the horns (when present) must be done with care to avoid breaking them

• Sheep are held by circling the neck with one arm and placing the other arm around the rump

• The rear end may also be controlled by placing an arm over the back to grasp the skin fold of the lower flank

• Many procedures can be done by simply backing the sheep into a corner, straddling the animal between the handler’s legs, and squeezing the sheep shoulders firmly between the legs.

• The head or neck can be controlled in this position

• Procedures such as examination of the hooves, shearing, and vaccination require immobilizing the animal with a technique known as “setting up”

Goat restraining

• Although similar to sheep in size, goats are entirely different in temperament and behavior.

• Goats are gregarious and seem to enjoy the company of other species of animals

• Goats form social hierarchy within a group and dominant males and females can be identify

• Goats may show aggression, usually in the form of head-butting. This usually preceded by raising the hair on the spine, stamping the front feet and making a characteristic sneezing/snorting noise

Neck collars

• Goats readily accept neck collars or chains, which provide a convenient hold on the animal.

• Goats do not tolerate being set up like sheep

Horse restraining• In many regards, restraint is the single most

important aspect of the equine physical examination. Without adequate restraint, the examiner will be unable to complete a meaningful. The size and strength of horses make them potentially dangerous

Kick Bite Rear Strike

Physical Restraint

• Minimum restraint required: halter and lead rope

• Chain over nose • Lip or gum chain• Twitching with hand• Ear twitch • Twitching with device

Verbal Restraint

• Talking to horses has a major effect. A soothing, reassuring tone goes a long way in calming a fractious horse. Similarly, a sharp authoritative tone accompanied by a tug on the lead rope may help keep a fidgety horse in place.

Chemical Restraint

• Do not be afraid to use chemical restraint. (However, use of chemical restraint may alter some PE findings—heart rate, etc. So if you are planning on using chemical restraint, attempt general physical exam first.) Can be used alone or with other techniques or devices. Consider animal’s weight, age, health, and task to be performed when considering chemical restraint and agent(s) to be used. Select and dose appropriately

Restraining in dogs

• "Talk to the animals" Many dogs can be comforted by being talked to in a quiet, soothing voice. What you say is not important...the tone of voice is. Even the best behaved dog may bite if frightened. Early application of a muzzle actually reduces the need for additional restraint. Once the muzzle is in place the dog will often "give up" and stop struggling. Several types of muzzles can be used. The end of the muzzle can be closed