handout #1: the xilinx ise project navigatormarko/complab_f_20/handouts_2015.pdfin order to be...

Computer Structure lab http://www.eng.tau.ac.il/~marko

Handout #1: The Xilinx ISE Project Navigator

The assignment in this lab is to practice design entry (schematic and HDL) and

simulation using the Project Navigator.

First part of the design is fully given to you. The second part requires new design

with similar specifications. In order to be prepared for the lab please read the tutorial of

the Xilinx ISE Foundation software under the link of the lab.

1.1 Important links:

1. The following link contains explanation about the FPGA chip we are going to

work on: http://www.xilinx.com/products/silicon-devices/fpga/spartan-6.html

1.2 Detailed Instructions:

1.2.1 Part I

The simple project decoder presented in the introductory meeting is given to you.

You may view it in order to see what your design should look. Start the design manager

and open the project. The project consists of a three specific sources, created using

VHDL: the Random generator, the Comparator and the 12 bit wide Binary Counter. Also,

in the project are used the Xilinx standard sources of 4 and 8 bit Register, D Flip Flop

and OR2 gate. Top level of the design is defined as schematic type.

Part of the project is the Test Bench file, which describes the simulator environment

definitions (input and output signals and their waveforms). Start the ISE simulator using

the given file. Check the performed simulation; add more signals to waveforms for

observation. At the end create new project, like or very similar to the one that was given

to you.

1.2.2 Part II

Create a new project with the following properties:

• Family: Spartan 6,

• Device: XC6SLX25,

• Package: FTG256,

• Speed:-2,

• Top-Level: Schematic,

• Synthesis Tool: XST,

• Simulator: ISE (VHDL, Verilog),

• Preferred Language: VHDL.

Implement the following design:

Inputs: clk, go, reset

Outputs: RA[3:0], RB[3:0]

Hardware: counters, registers; control logic

Functionality: your design should include two counters and two registers. Design the

counters using VHDL. First is 4-bit negative counter named POINTER, second – a 16-bit

positive counter named INFO. Notice that a positive counter should start at 0 and count

upwards, while a negative counter starts at F and counts downwards. �� signal

initiates the counters, but they begin and count only when signal GO is presented.

Your design should include two 4-bit registers. Use the registers from the Xilinx library

of standard sources. They sample the data from the counter INFO as follows: REGA

sample INFO [5:2] whenever the number represented by POINTER [3:0] is smaller than

8 and REGB should sample INFO [9:6] whenever the number represented by POINTER

[3:0] is larger then 7. Design’s outputs are the registers outputs, presented as a buses.

Create VHDL Test Bench file with the following parameters:

• Clk = 100/100 ns.

• Propagation Delay time = 2ns.

• Assert RESET at the beginning as positive pulse for at list 2 clock periods.

• After that the GO signal number goes high for number of pulses that is enough to

observe correctness of the data sampled by the registers.

• Check the reaction when RESET is asserted in the middle of the simulation.

Simulate your design using ISE.

1.3 Lab assignment:

Please do not submit your work Consult the correctness of your design with the

Instructor.

12

34

56

78

AA

BB

CC

DD

Pos(11:0)

Random_gen

clk

rst

Ran_val(7:0)

CLK

Comparator

A(7:0)

B(7:0)

A_eq_B

RST

NUT(7:0)

CLK

RST

CLK

Step_num(11:0)

CLK

RST

CLK

RST

CCE

R

FD8RE Q[7

:0]

D[7:0]

Step_num(7:0)

Pos(7:0)

Q0

Q1

D1

D0

D2

D3

Q3

Q2

C

R

CEFD4RE

Step_num(8)

Step_num(9)

Step_num(10)

Step_num(11)

Pos(8)

Pos(9)

Pos(10)

Pos(11)

CLK

OR2

VCC

CNT_12

clk

ce

rst

cnt(11:0) CD

Q

FD

Done

Random_gen.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:40:34 2015

Page 1

1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 -- Company:

3 -- Engineer:

4 --

5 -- Create Date: 10:35:45 07/01/2015

6 -- Design Name:

7 -- Module Name: Random_gen - Behavioral

8 -- Project Name:

9 -- Target Devices:

10 -- Tool versions:

11 -- Description:

12 --

13 -- Dependencies:

14 --

15 -- Revision:

16 -- Revision 0.01 - File Created

17 -- Additional Comments:

18 --

19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 library IEEE;

21 use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;

22

23 -- Uncomment the following library declaration if using

24 -- arithmetic functions with Signed or Unsigned values

25 --use IEEE.NUMERIC_STD.ALL;

26

27 -- Uncomment the following library declaration if instantiating

28 -- any Xilinx primitives in this code.

29 --library UNISIM;

30 --use UNISIM.VComponents.all;

31

32 entity Random_gen is

33 Port ( clk : in STD_LOGIC;

34 rst : in STD_LOGIC;

35 Ran_val : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0));

36 end Random_gen;

37

38 architecture Behavioral of Random_gen is

39

40 constant in_val : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0):= X"1badc0de";

41 signal Rk_val : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

42

43 begin

44

45 Process (clk,rst)

46 begin

47

48

49 if clk'event and clk = '1' then

50 if rst = '1' then Rk_val

Random_gen.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:40:34 2015

Page 2

57 Ran_val

Comparator.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:41:31 2015

Page 1

1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 -- Company:

3 -- Engineer:

4 --

5 -- Create Date: 14:05:06 07/05/2015

6 -- Design Name:

7 -- Module Name: Comparator - Behavioral

8 -- Project Name:



11 -- Description:

12 --

13 -- Dependencies:

14 --

15 -- Revision:



18 --

19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 library IEEE;


22




26





31

32 entity Comparator is

33 Port ( A : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);

34 B : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);

35 A_eq_B : out STD_LOGIC);

36 end Comparator;

37

38 architecture Behavioral of Comparator is

39

40 begin

41

42 A_eq_B

CNT_12.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:42:15 2015

Page 1

1 library IEEE;


3 use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;

4 use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

5

6 -- Uncomment the following lines to use the declarations that are

7 -- provided for instantiating Xilinx primitive components.

8 --library UNISIM;


10

11 entity CNT_12 is

12 Port ( clk : in std_logic;

13 ce : in std_logic;

14 rst : in std_logic;

15 cnt : out std_logic_vector(11 downto 0));

16 end CNT_12;

17

18 architecture Behavioral of CNT_12 is

19 signal cnt_s: std_logic_vector(11 downto 0);

20 begin

21

22 process(clk,ce)

23

24 begin

25

26 if (clk'event and clk = '1') then

27 if (rst = '1') then cnt_s

RND_t.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:50:46 2015

Page 1

1 -- Vhdl test bench created from schematic D:\a_dlx10\aa\decoder_v14\Ran_Num_Dec.sch -

Sun Jul 05 14:28:15 2015

2 --

3 -- Notes:

4 -- 1) This testbench template has been automatically generated using types

5 -- std_logic and std_logic_vector for the ports of the unit under test.

6 -- Xilinx recommends that these types always be used for the top-level

7 -- I/O of a design in order to guarantee that the testbench will bind

8 -- correctly to the timing (post-route) simulation model.

9 -- 2) To use this template as your testbench, change the filename to any

10 -- name of your choice with the extension .vhd, and use the "Source->Add"

11 -- menu in Project Navigator to import the testbench. Then

12 -- edit the user defined section below, adding code to generate the

13 -- stimulus for your design.

14 --

15 LIBRARY ieee;

16 USE ieee.std_logic_1164.ALL;

17 USE ieee.numeric_std.ALL;

18 LIBRARY UNISIM;

19 USE UNISIM.Vcomponents.ALL;

20 ENTITY Ran_Num_Dec_Ran_Num_Dec_sch_tb IS

21 END Ran_Num_Dec_Ran_Num_Dec_sch_tb;

22 ARCHITECTURE behavioral OF Ran_Num_Dec_Ran_Num_Dec_sch_tb IS

23

24 COMPONENT Ran_Num_Dec

25 PORT( NUT : IN STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO 0);

26 CLK : IN STD_LOGIC;

27 RST : IN STD_LOGIC;

28 Pos : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (11 DOWNTO 0);

29 Done : OUT STD_LOGIC);

30 END COMPONENT;

31

32 SIGNAL NUT : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 DOWNTO 0);

33 SIGNAL CLK : STD_LOGIC;

34 SIGNAL RST : STD_LOGIC;

35 SIGNAL Pos : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (11 DOWNTO 0);

36 SIGNAL Done : STD_LOGIC;

37

38 BEGIN

39

40 UUT: Ran_Num_Dec PORT MAP(

41 NUT => NUT,

42 CLK => CLK,

43 RST => RST,

44 Pos => Pos,

45 Done => Done

46 );

47

48 -- *** Test Bench - User Defined Section ***

49 CLK_process :process

50 begin

51 CLK

RND_t.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:50:46 2015

Page 2

57 tb : PROCESS

58 BEGIN

59 NUT

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Ran_Dec_All.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:42:46 2015

Page 1

1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 -- Company:

3 -- Engineer:

4 --

5 -- Create Date: 15:12:00 07/06/2015

6 -- Design Name:

7 -- Module Name: Ran_Dec_All - Behavioral

8 -- Project Name:



11 -- Description:

12 --

13 -- Dependencies:

14 --

15 -- Revision:



18 --

19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 library IEEE;




24




28





33

34 entity Ran_Dec_All is

35 Port ( clk : in STD_LOGIC;

36 rst : in STD_LOGIC;

37 NUT : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (7 downto 0);

38 done : out STD_LOGIC;

39 Pos : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (11 downto 0));

40 end Ran_Dec_All;

41

42 architecture Behavioral of Ran_Dec_All is

43

44 constant in_val : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0):= X"1badc0de";

45 signal Rk_val : std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

46 signal Ran_val : std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);

47 signal cnt_s : std_logic_vector(11 downto 0);

48

49 begin

50

51

52 Randum_Generator :Process (clk,rst)

53 begin

54

55

56 if clk'event and clk = '1' then

57 if rst = '1' then Rk_val

Ran_Dec_All.vhd Mon Jul 06 15:42:46 2015

Page 2

58 else Rk_val(31)


Handout #2: The RESA-2’s Parallel Bus

Consider a CPU that wants to communicate over the RESA bus as a master

device. The CPU is connected to the RESA bus via a simple bus interface. The simple

bus interface is placed on the FPGA between the CPU and to the RESA- bus.

Communication between the CPU and the bus interface is implemented by 3 registers and

3 control signals. The functionality of the registers is as follows:

R_DI: a data-in register through which data is fed to the CPU

R_DO: a data-out register through which data is sent from the CPU

R_AD: an address-out register through which address is sent from the CPU

The control signals are as follows:

rd_req: the signal is sent by the CPU to the bus interface. This signal indicates that the

CPU wishes to initiate a read transaction.

wd_req: the signal is sent by the CPU to the bus interface. This signal indicates that the

CPU wishes to initiate a write transaction.

busy: the signal is sent by the CPU to the bus interface. This signal indicates that an

instruction (e.g., read, write, read after write) is being executed.

done: the signal is sent by the bus interface to the CPU. This signal indicates the

completion of a transaction.

For example, a read transaction is implemented as follows: When the CPU wishes

to read data from a slave, start of the instruction is indicated with the busy signal set to

“1”. The CPU also, for one clock cycle, sets the address (combined addresses of the

slave and the data item) to the bus interface and the rd_req signal to “1”. The bus

interface, handles the request, and initiates a read transaction over the RESA bus. When

data is fetched, it is stored by the bus interface in the data-in register R_DI, and the done

signal is set to “1” for one clock cycle. The CPU indicates end of the instruction with the

busy signal set to “0”.

2.1 Pre-Lab Assignment

1. Describe how a write transaction takes place.

2. Draw the data path, registers and drivers of the bus interface.

3. Design the control logic of the bus interface. Write the equations for: register

clock enable signals, the output enable signals of drivers and all the RESA bus

signals.

4. Draw the timing diagram of all the signals described above in the bus interface for

read transaction and write transaction

2.2 Lab Assignment

Project “Buses” is in your Lab working directory and contains 3 symbols: a CPU, a Slave

and Bus Interface. The CPU initiates read or write transactions to the Slave, depending on

the input control signal INSTR. The Bus Interface source is empty and your task is to

design it.

1. Design the Bus Interface symbol (design entry). Submit a printout of your

schematics and VHDL designs.

2. Simulate the project “Buses” using a ready Buses_t.vhd file with the following

input waveforms: clk with 100/100 ns period, propagation delay of 2 ns, reset

active high during the first two clock periods, step_en single pulse for a period of

2000(4000) ns, Before the simulation constant OPERATION have to be set with

value of the desired operation.

3. Submit a printout of your simulation for a 'read', 'write' and 'read after write'

instructions, including address, data and all bus, register and buffer control

signals.

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

AA

BB

CC

DD

cpu

RESET

CLK

step_en

DONE

DI(31:0)

busy

rd_req

wr_req

sts(3:0)

READD(31:0)DO(31:0)

AO(31:0)

R_instr

W_instr

bus_inf

AO(31:0)

DO(31:0)

rd_req

wr_req

ACK_N

D(31:0)

A(31:0)

DI(31:0)

DONE

WR_N

AS_N

busy

in_init

CLK

RESET

READD(31:0)

STS(3:0)

step_en

SLAVE

slave_set

clk

WR_N

AS_N

A(31:0)

D(31:0)

ACK_N

in_init

R_instr

W_instr

cpu.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:39:56 2012

Page 1

1 library IEEE;




5

6 -- Uncomment the following lines to use the declarations that are

7 -- provided for instantiating Xilinx primitive components.

8 --library UNISIM;


10

11

12 entity cpu is

13

14 Port ( RESET : in std_logic;

15 CLK : in std_logic;

16 step_en : in std_logic;

17 R_instr : in std_logic;

18 W_instr : in std_logic;

19 sts : out std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);

20 READD: out std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

21 DI : in std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

22 DO : out std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

23 AO : out std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

24 busy : out std_logic;

25 rd_req : out std_logic;

26 wr_req : out std_logic;

27 DONE : in std_logic);

28 end cpu;

29

30 architecture Behavioral of cpu is

31

32

33 signal state:std_logic_vector(3 downto 0);

34 signal adrw:std_logic_vector(4 downto 0); --write adr

35 signal adrr:std_logic_vector(4 downto 0); --read adr

36

37 signal SDO:std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

38 signal SAO:std_logic_vector(31 downto 0);

39

40 constant start: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="0000";

41 constant read1: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="1011";



44 constant write1: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="0001";



47 constant waitre: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="1010";

48 --constant wait3: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="1000";

49 --constant wait4: std_logic_vector(3 downto 0):="1001";

50

51 begin

52 process(clk)

53 begin

54 if RESET = '1' then

55

56 state

cpu.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:39:56 2012

Page 2

58 adrr

cpu.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:39:56 2012

Page 3

115

116

117 AO

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

AA

BB

CC

DD

clk

AI(20:0)

INV

WR_N

RD(31:0)

D(31:0)

EBUFE16

EBUFE16

RD(15:0)

D(15:0)

D(31:16)

RD(31:16)

AND2

WR_N

INV

CDQ

FD

AI(31:0)

CDQ

FD

QT

CLR

C

FTC

ACK_N

A(31:0)

buf32

INN(31:0)OUTT(31:0)

AND2B1

QT

CLR

C

FTC

clk

AND2

FDC

C

CLR

DQ

FDC

C

CLR

DQ

FDC

C

CLR

DQ

FDC

C

CLR

DQ

OR2

AND2

clk

GND

ACK_N

INV

OR2

clk

clk

ram_set

clk

we

DI(31:0)

ADD(20:0)

DO(31:0)

AI(25)

AI(24)

AI(23)

AI(22)

AI(21)

OR6

AS_N

NAND2B1

in_init

OR2

ACK_N

bufe16.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:42:35 2012

Page 1

1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2 -- Company:

3 -- Engineer:

4 --

5 -- Create Date: 11:12:31 07/03/2012

6 -- Design Name:

7 -- Module Name: bufe16 - Behavioral

8 -- Project Name:



11 -- Description:

12 --

13 -- Dependencies:

14 --

15 -- Revision:



18 --

19 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

20 library IEEE;


22




26





31

32 entity bufe16 is

33 Port ( Enable : in STD_LOGIC;

34 D_IN : in STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (15 downto 0);

35 D_OUT : out STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (15 downto 0));

36 end bufe16;

37

38 architecture Behavioral of bufe16 is

39

40 begin

41

42 D_OUT

buses_t.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:47:32 2012

Page 1

1 -- Vhdl test bench created from schematic D:\projects\a_dlx\buses\logic_set.sch - Tue

Jul 03 16:29:17 2012

2 --

3 -- Notes:

4 -- 1) This testbench template has been automatically generated using types

5 -- std_logic and std_logic_vector for the ports of the unit under test.

6 -- Xilinx recommends that these types always be used for the top-level

7 -- I/O of a design in order to guarantee that the testbench will bind

8 -- correctly to the timing (post-route) simulation model.

9 -- 2) To use this template as your testbench, change the filename to any

10 -- name of your choice with the extension .vhd, and use the "Source->Add"

11 -- menu in Project Navigator to import the testbench. Then

12 -- edit the user defined section below, adding code to generate the

13 -- stimulus for your design.

14 --

15 LIBRARY ieee;

16 USE ieee.std_logic_1164.ALL;

17 USE ieee.numeric_std.ALL;

18 LIBRARY UNISIM;

19 USE UNISIM.Vcomponents.ALL;

20 ENTITY logic_set_logic_set_sch_tb IS

21 END logic_set_logic_set_sch_tb;

22 ARCHITECTURE behavioral OF logic_set_logic_set_sch_tb IS

23

24 COMPONENT logic_set

25 PORT( RESET : IN STD_LOGIC;

26 READD : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (31 DOWNTO 0);

27 STS : OUT STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);

28 CLK : IN STD_LOGIC;

29 step_en : IN STD_LOGIC;

30 W_instr : IN STD_LOGIC;

31 R_instr : IN STD_LOGIC);

32 END COMPONENT;

33

34 SIGNAL RESET : STD_LOGIC;

35 SIGNAL READD : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (31 DOWNTO 0);

36 SIGNAL STS : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (3 DOWNTO 0);

37 SIGNAL CLK : STD_LOGIC;

38 SIGNAL step_en : STD_LOGIC;

39 SIGNAL W_instr : STD_LOGIC;

40 SIGNAL R_instr : STD_LOGIC;

41

42 signal temp : std_logic := '0';

43 CONSTANT OPERATION : STD_LOGIC_VECTOR (1 DOWNTO 0) := "01" ;

44 -- set value of the constant OPERATION to define the desired transaction:

45 -- 00: NO OPERATION, 01: READ, 10: WRITE, 11 READ AFTER WRITE

46 BEGIN

47

48 UUT: logic_set PORT MAP(

49 RESET => RESET,

50 READD => READD,

51 STS => STS,

52 CLK => CLK,

53 step_en => step_en,

54 W_instr => W_instr,

55 R_instr => R_instr

56 );

buses_t.vhd Wed Jul 04 09:47:32 2012

Page 2

57

58 -- *** Test Bench - User Defined Section ***

59 CLK_process :process

60 begin

61 CLK

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Handout #3: A simple slave device

3.1 Guidelines for the whole Lab

Generally in the lab we are working on two projects. The first, project home_v25,

can be downloaded from the Lab site. This project can be used in the same way, at home

and in the lab, and all the designs and simulations have to be done within that project.

The second, source_v25, is given to you in your lab working directory. This project can

be used only on the Lab's computers. Project is designed with a schematic top level and

consists of two schematic pages.

On page N2 there are the I/O Control Logic symbols and the Pin LOC

property definitions. No design work to be made on page N2. Place all your design

work on page N1.In your design do not use tri-state buffers (i.e. drivers) or “ZZZZ”,

“XXXX”, “UUUU” equations, in order to avoid outputs conflict. Use MUX instead.

In case you have ignored those remarks, it’s to your full financial responsibility,

when damage to the hardware occurs!!

On page N1 there are all the signals you will need in order to connect the design

to the parallel RESA bus. Use labels, not wires for these connections. Note that input

signals AS_N and WR_OUT_N are connected to VCC. In order to use them you will

need to remove the VCC connection.

In order to personalize your work, you can rename the projects directory, but it's

strictly forbidden to change it location or to rename any directory or file within it.

3.2 Design

1. Understand in details the schematic and functionality of the given master device.

2. Make address partitioning, single and 32 word blocks, according to the regulations

described in Lab Notes and RESA monitor user guide. Create table with address of the

block, pages and corresponding inputs of the slave device.

3. Using the project home_v25 as a design environment, design a simple component

ID_NUM with a single 8 bit constant output ID[7:0] of your group number and a

slave device, capable of allowing reading information from four 32bit inputs

according to your address partitioning.

4. Create the slave_t.vhd (VHDL test bench file) file for your slave device and check it using ISE Simulator.

5. Use function add copy of source to transfer your designs from home_v25 project to

project sources_v25. Place your components on the sheet and connect them to the

master device and I/O Logic bus.

6. Execute “Generate programming file” for your design in order to receive '.bit' file.

7. Run and debug your design using the Hardware monitor of the RESA monitor.

8. Print and explain your designs, simulations, labels and monitoring results (data

snapshots) for three sequential steps.

Warnings and reminders:

1. For this exercise you will use the RESA. The RESA is connected to the PC and

all the operations should be done via the RESA monitor program.

2. Do not use drivers in your design!!! Conflicting drivers (due to design errors) can

cause hardware damages. Instead of drivers use corresponding multiplexers.

3. All flip-flops, registers, RAM and counters in your design should share the same

clock. Elements differ in their clock enable signals.

12

34

56

78

AA

BB

CC

DD

AS

_N

WR

_O

UT

_N

MA

O(3

1:0

)

MD

O(3

1:0

)

AC

K_

N

Card

_S

el

AI(

9:0

)

WR

_IN

_N

SD

O(3

1:0

)

SA

CK

_N

DO

(31

:0)

IN_

INIT

RE

SE

T

ST

EP

_E

N

CL

K

Maste

r I/

O

Con

trol I/

O

Bu

s d

ata

O

Sla

ve I

/O

ma

ste

rS

TE

P_E

N

RE

SE

T

CLK

reg

_ad

r(4:0

)

reg

_ou

t(31:0

)

in_in

it

ste

p_n

um

(4:0

)

sta

te(3

:0)

reg

_w

rite

(4:0

)

ST

EP

_E

N

RE

SE

T

CL

K

reg

_ad

r(4

:0)

RE

G_

OU

T(3

1:0

)

IN_

INIT

ST

EP

_N

UM

(4:0

)

STA

TE

(3:0

)

RE

G_

WR

IE(4

:0)

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

AA

BB

CC

DD

CLK

STEP_EN

RESET

mux5bit

sel

A0(4:0)

A1(4:0)

O(4:0)

RAM32X32S

CLK

WE

D(31:0)

ADD(4:0)

DO(31:0)

INV

broja

clk

step

reset

in_init

cnt(31:0)

state(3:0)

CLK

wide(31:0)

wide(4:0)

reg_out(31:0)

in_init

reg_adr(4:0)

CLK

STEP_EN

RESET

buf5

Din(4:0)

Dout(4:0)

wide(4:0)

step_counter

clk

ce

reset

cnt_o(4:0)

state(3:0)

step_num(4:0)

reg_write(4:0)

state(3)


Handout #4 Built-in Self Monitoring

4.1 Pre-Lab Assignment

Consider the application from the previous assignment: a 32-bit binary counter connected to 32x32 bit RAM. We monitored the following functionality: After reset, on step_en Counter counts forward 8 steps, on next -16 steps and continue with this count scheme 8/16. Thus in every step 8 or 16 RAM cells are filled with corresponding counter values. Our goal is to start sampling the state of the counter starting with the rising edge of the clock that occurs after the rising edge of the step_en signal. The sampling should stop when the counter is “stuck”. To perform this you can use the signal called in_init, generated by the application. The in_init is set to ‘0’ when the counter starts to count and set to ‘1’ when the counter is “stuck” (the counter’s is “stuck” when the output value didn’t change with the next clock). Note, that the Logic Analyzer is capable to sample no more than 32 signals in period of up to 32 clock periods. In case of wait states that will make the sample period longer than 32 clocks, the Application have to generate signal stop_n in order to avoid missed samplings.

1. (5 pts.) Which control signals should the application transmit to the Monitor

Slave (including the Logic Analyzer)? Differentiate between signals that are monitored by the Logic Analyzer, and signals that aid the Monitor Slave and the Logic Analyzer to functioning properly.

2. (10 pts.) Write the equations for the following signals:

(a) Sample enable (LA_RUN) signal of the Logic Analyzer. (b) Write enable (LA_WE) signal of the Logic Analyzer’s RAM. (c) Count enable (CNT_CE) signal of the Logic Analyzer’s counter. (d) Clock enable (STS_CE) signal of Logic Analyzer’s the Status Register. (e) The reset (RST_CE) signal of the Logic Analyzer’s counter. (f) The Select signal of the MUX that selects the address input of the Logic

Analyzer’s RAM

3. (25 pts.) Using the Slave design from the previous handout prepare symbol Monitor, capable to support read transactions from the Status register, ID_NUM and the Logic Analyzer’s RAM and two external inputs; Prepare list of graphic labels with corresponding inputs of the Logic Analyzer’s RAM. Submit a hand written design.

4.2 Lab Assignment

1. Using the XILINX Design Manager create your Monitor. 2. Create the Monitor_t.vhd file for your slave device, and check it using ISIM. 3. Transfer your design to project sources_v25, connect it to the I/O Logic and

implement it in order to produce its '.bit' file. 4. Configure RESA with your design. Modify the existing label table by adding

STATUS, LA_RAM and graphic labels. 5. Monitor the Master’s registers, number of the steps and waveforms of the

sampled control signals. 6. Submit printouts of your design, simulation waveforms, Label report and

monitoring results including graph waveforms. 7. Analysis. Submit, with respect to your previously submitted printouts,

answers to the following questions. Explain your answers. a. How many samples are made by Logic Analyzer? b. In how many clock cycles was the Master active? c. How many Registers (in the RAM32x32) have changed their values?

Warning: You will need your Monitor slave design for all your future lab assignments. Spend some extra time making sure it is well designed.

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Handout #5: A Read Machine and a Write Machine

5.1 Pre-lab Assignment

1. (15 pts) Design symbols of a Write Machine and a Read Machine. Submit hand-written designs.

2. (5 pts) Write the equation of the stop_n signal. Pay attention that you should capture all the necessary information during the Monitoring.

3. (5 pts) Suppose that we wish to monitor the activity of a Write Machine using the Logic Analyzer module. We would like to start sampling when the step_en signal rises, and end the sampling two cycles after the Write Machine returns to the “wait” state. What changes do you suppose should be made? Submit a hand written design or equations.

4. (5 pts) You should implement the Read and Write machines in two separate source environments. Suppose that we want to implement both in a single source environment, is it possible? Justify your answer.

5. (5 pts) Is it possible to design a modified Read Machine that has the same functionality but does not have the “load” state?

6. (5 pts) Can you get rid of the “terminate” state in the Write Machine without changing the functionality?

5.2 Post-lab Assignment (60 pts)

1. Using ISE prepare designs of a Write Machine and a Read Machine and simulate them.

2. Using project sources_v25 prepare a design with the Monitor Slave (with the Logic Analyzer) and the Write Machine symbol and implement it.

3. Prepare a label file for the RESA program and monitor your design of the Write Machine

4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 for the Read Machine 5. Submit: printouts of designs; simulation; monitoring results of: (a) the state

transitions; (b) the bus activity of the machines; (c) control signals; (d) the address of the accessed main memory (e) the data (the value of the main memory in the corresponding address, in the Read Machine: the register of the Read Machine, in the Write Machine: the constant data to be written).


Handout #6: A Load/Store Machine

6.1 Assignment #1

Design of the Load/Store Machine:

1. (5 pts.) Address translation. The main memory address space to which the

Load/Store Machine can both read and write is 0x00000000-0x01FFFFF.

Suppose we are interested in giving the Load/Store Machine the illusion of a 16-

bit main memory address space with the addresses 0x0000-0xFFFF. Show how

the Address Translation Module can support this illusion. Refer to the PC register

and the address used for memory accesses.

2. (25 pts.) Assume, that due to the library, we always want to have 32 registers in

the GPR, although we only really need 31 registers. There are two ways to

implement the register R0 in the GPR. In one way, write access to R0 are disabled

to keep them with a zero. In the second way, data read from R0 are pulled down

to output a zero. Compare these two methods and explain which method is

cheaper/faster. Assume, we wish to extend the "pull-down" and "disabled write

access" mechanisms to R31 in addition to R0. Describe the required changes to

the mechanism you have already chosen in your design.

3. (10 pts.) Design the Memory Access Control module. Outline the differences

between this module and the Read and Write Machines.

4. (40 pts.) Complete the Load/Store Machine design. Your design should be as

simple as possible. Do not try to make a design that will be easy to use as a basis

for the DLX! That will complicate your design.

(a) (25 pts.) Prepare designs of the blocks in the data path (PC environment,

GPR environment, IR environment, etc.). Each design should be organized

as follows: list of inputs and outputs, definition of functionality (equations

describing relations between outputs and inputs), and drawing (you may

use counters, decoders, etc. as building blocks of your designs).

(b) (10 pts.) Prepare a table listing all the control signals, their meanings, their

equations and the ports they are connected to.

(c) (5 pts.) Submit printouts of your VHDL design and schematics.

5. (20 pts.) Prepare list of test vectors for the Control block of the Load/Store

Machine. The Control block of the L/S Machine consists of MAC and main

control machine. Submit a list of paths, input values for each path, and expected

output values for each path.

Guidelines: (a) Name all signals and modules using only letters and numbers. Do

not use non-letters in the names except for underscores. (b) When the Load/Store

Machine fetches an instruction which is not a load or a store instruction it halts by

entering a “halt” state. (c) You have to add an output signals signifying the state of

the controls to simplify testing of your design.

6.2 Assignment #2

Simulation of the Load/Store Machine:

1. Create control_t.vhd file using the test vectors you designed for the control

block of the Load/Store. Simulate the Control block of the Load/Store Machine

using the ISE Simulator and vhdl test bench file you created. Submit printouts

of your simulation, showing that the outputs are as expected. Annotate the

printouts by hand written explanations (which path is tested, what is seen, etc.).

2. Using the ISE Simulator, simulate your design to verify all the RTL instructions.

Submit printouts of simulations of tests annotated with explanations.

3. Using the ISE Simulator, simulate your design to verify whole instructions.

Submit printouts of executions, to demonstrate the correctness of your design.

Annotate the simulations with explanations.

Remark: The last two items have to be performed using I/O SIMUL. You have to create

schematic symbol with I/O SIMUL and your L/S machine as well. The two test results

can be shown in the same simulation. If you choose to do so, make sure not to omit any

of the required data and explanations. The initial contents of the I/O SIMUL main

memory (sram_data.vhd) is depicted in 6.5.3 of the Lab Notes, but you can use your

own. In this case write short assembly program and compile it using the Compiler of the

RESA program. Convert the received .lst file to the VHDL format (.txt) using lst_to_vhd

convertor and replace the initial contents of the sram_data.vhd file. In case you decide to

use your own tests, submit printout of your initialization as well as printouts of your

program for the I/O SIMUL.

6.3 Assignment #3

Implementation of Load/Store Machine with a monitor slave and a logic analyzer:

1. Use project sources_v25, and implement a design of your Load/Store Machine

with a monitor slave and a logic analyzer.

2. Use the .cod file of the assembly program that you have used in 6.2.2 and 6.2.3.

3. Use the RESA Monitor program to run and debug your Load/Store machine

design.

4. Submit printouts of the Monitor program results. Show that your machine

executes instructions correctly. Annotate the printout with explanations of what is

happening in each cycle.


Handout #7: A simplified DLX: design, testing, timing, and programming

Each question counts as one assignment. We highly recommend that you divide the load between students in the same group, otherwise you will find the burden too high. 7.1. Design and test the simplified DLX.

• Submit schematics of the project and of the new modules. • Submit VHDL file of the Control block. Describe how you tested the control.

Submit results of testing it using test vectors. (In order to reduce the amount submitted simulation, please submit test vectors of the following paths only: ALU, TESTI, LOAD, STORE, JALR, BTAKEN. However, you should prepare test vectors for all of the paths.)

• Test your design to see if the correct RTL instruction is executed in each state. Write and compile short DLX programs that test every instruction. Note that some instructions must be tested more than once (e.g. “branch taken” and “branch not taken”). Store these programs in the RAM of the I/O SIMUL module. Simulate your DLX design using the modified I/O SIMUL module. Submit: (1) Your programs. For every instruction, list the states that are traversed. (2) Waveforms of a simulation of your design. Add remarks to the waveforms that show the traversed states, the RTL instruction that were executed, and what they did.

After completing these stages successfully, it is likely that your design can be run on the RESA and monitored to see if it functions properly.

7.2. Implement and test your design on the RESA.

• Implement your design. Check the timing report. You should easily meet the timing requirements (All constraints are met). In case your design do not meet the timing constraints please address the Lab Engineer. Re-use the test programs you used to test the RTL instructions on the RESA. Use the Logic Analyzer to verify that the RTL instructions are executed properly. Submit printouts of the monitoring with remarks explaining why you got the right results.

• Read the DLX test program (DLX.lst). Describe how it tests the DLX design. • In the following procedure get the assistance of the lab's engineer. Download to

the RESA memory the file `DLX.cod' and run the test procedure on your design. Analyze the results. Your design should pass the test! Get the lab engineer's approval of your design.

7.3. Timing optimization of your design

Your design should meet the 60 MHZ threshold. Try to design the fastest design you can. Implement your design and meet the faster timing requirements (clock rate more than 60 MHz). There are a few ways to try to decrease the feasible clock period. • In the beginning try to reduce delays due to routing in the FPGA. This can be

done by “helping” the place & route tools. You will be told more on how this is done.

• Tray to optimize the design, correspondingly to the FPGA principals of design. • Optimize the type of the state registers and state encoding. • Analyze the presented DLX logic and optimize it application • Next method is to identify the critical path and try to shorten its delay. This

method is applicable provided that there are only a few critical paths. • The third technique can be used if you failed in shortening the delay of critical

paths. Suppose the critical path includes the ALU. A way to solve this critical path is to allow two cycles for the ALU. This requires a change in the control so that each of the corresponding states is divided into two states. Before using this method you will need to floorplan your design. In any way, this will add more cycles in the instruction execution. You should be able to solve the timing problem without it. Note that the timing analysis done by the software tools is often too pessimistic (worst case). Your design may be fast enough even if the software reports otherwise.

• The three teams with the best timing results will be ranked.

7.4. Software program The goal of this assignment is to write a DLX assembly program, that solves a problem, and run it on the DLX you designed. This assignment will be given to you in the following weeks.

Advanced Computer Structure Lab

Handout #7: A simplified DLX

Approval form

Team number: ______

Please get the required approvals of the Lab Engineer and add to your report scan of this document.

Good Luck

Advanced Computer Structure Lab staff

Test 7.2 approval

Status: ________ Date: ________ Signature: _________

Test 7.3 approval:

Timing: ________ Date: _________ Signature: _________

Test 7.4 approval:

Date: __________ Signature: _________

Results:

handout #1: the xilinx ise project navigatormarko/complab_f_20/handouts_2015.pdfin order to be...

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