handout package · • vision • hearing • time • body neglect compensate for neglect if you...

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HANDOUTPACKAGE

TOPICS

Module 1: Understanding Stroke........................................................3

Module 2: Physical Changes and Challenges...............................12

Module 3: Swallowing and Nutrition...............................................19

Module 4: Cognition, Perception and Communication..........26

Module 5: Emotions, Roles and Relationships...........................34

Module 6: Reducing the Risk of Stroke and Moving Forward...40

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MODULE 1: Understanding Stroke

Warning signs of a stroke

• Weakness

• Trouble speaking

• Vision problems

• Headache

• Dizziness

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Two types of stroke

Cause determined by CT scan

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A stroke can impact your ability to:

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• Move

• Feel

• See

• Communicate

• Think

• Chew and swallow


LEFT vs. RIGHT side of brain

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Risk factors you CANNOT control

• Age

• Gender

• Ethnicity

• Family history

• Previous stroke or TIA

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Risk factors you CAN control

• High blood pressure

• Heart disease

• High cholesterol

• Diabetes

• Eating fatty foods

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Risk factors you CAN control

• Smoking

• Excessive alcohol consumption (9 glasses per week for women 14 glasses per week for men)

• Decreased physical activity

• Being overweight

• Stress

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My role in my recovery

Take medications

Take blood pressure

Eat healthy

Exercise

Reduce stress

See doctor regularly

I do this now

I plan to do this in the

future

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Quit smoking

Limit drinking

Lose weight

I do this now


future

Does not apply to

me

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MODULE 2: Physical Changes and Challenges

Physical changes

• Weak face, arm, and leg

• Difficulties with balance

Physical challenges

•Manyoftenallowphysicalchangestolimit their activities.

•Fear, embarrassment, or an all-or-nothing attitude are often the underlying reason for activity limitations.

•Underlying beliefs and attitudes are the real BARRIERS, not the physical limitations.

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Strategies

•PHYSICALACTIVITYcanimproveyourstrength, walking ability, coordination and balance and prevent falls

•Thisincludesdoingexercises and household chores

•Beinginvolvedinphysicalactivities has both physical and emotional benefits

•Use your weak arm or leg as much as possible

•Useweakhandasastabilizer

•Sitonachair or stool for grooming or cooking activities to help your balance and decrease your fatigue

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Physical activities

Walk

Climb stairs

Shower

Get dressed

Cook

I do this now


futureI did this before

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Physical activities

Clean

Wash dishes

Do laundry

Indoor maintenance

Outdoor maintenance

I do this now



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Physical activities

Garden

Shop

Exercise

Yoga/Tai Chi

Swimming

I do this now



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Physical activities

Play sports

Go to gym

Community Centre

Mall walking

Other _______

I do this now




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Physical goal

Walking

Exercise at home

Cleaning _____________

Shopping

Community Centre or Gym

Other: _______

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MODULE 3: Swallowing and Nutrition

Safe swallowing strategies

Wear your glasses, hearing, aids and/or dentures

Eat and drink when you are awake

Sit upright

Eat slowly

Swallow again between bites

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Safe swallowing strategies

Do not drink and eat at the same time

No talking while chewing or swallowing

Sit up for 30 minafter eating

Something else

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Di�erent textures

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Solids

Puree

Minced/ chopped

Soft

Regular

Liquids

Pudding

Honey

Nectar

Thin


Canada’s food guide

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Eat 6+ grain products

Eat 7+ vegetables and fruit

Eat 3+ milk products

Eat 2+ meat or meat alternative products


Eat more high-fibre foods

•Whole grain breads and cereals

•Legumes: lentils, dried beans and peas

•Brown rice and whole wheat pasta

•Fruits and vegetables

Limit

•Salt

•Fat

•Sugar

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Diet goal

Reduce salt

Reduce fat

Eat more fruits and vegetables

Eat more whole grains

Read food labels

Other: _______

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MODULE 4: Cognition, Perception and Communication

Cognitive di�culties after stroke

•Thinkingclearly

•Concentrating

•Remembering

•Payingattention

•Makingdecisions

•Planning

Let’s �nishthis job �rst.

I ’ll make thatdish.

Pop!

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Coping strategies

•Establishroutines

•Simplify tasks and instructions

•Pace yourself

•Focusonone thing at a time

•Breaktasksintosmall steps

•Organize yourself

•Usememory aids

•Minimize distractions(e.g.,turnoffTV or radio if trying to have a conversation)

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Perceptual problems after stroke

•Vision

•Hearing

•Time

•Body Neglect

Compensate for neglect

If you have di�culty paying attention to one side of your body or an object on that side try to:

•Positionyourhand in front of you

•Remindyourselftocheck that side

•Put objects you need to reach on your a�ected side (e.g., plate or cup)

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Left

Right


Communication di�culties after a stroke

•Speaking

•Understanding

•Reading

•Writing

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Strategies to help caregivers get their message across

• ACKNOWLEDGE that you know that the person with aphasia knows what they want to say but cannot say it

• LOOK at the person with aphasia when speaking

• Communicate ONE idea at a time

• WRITE down KEYWORDS

• Use YES/NO questions

• DRAW simple pictures

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• Use GESTURES and FACIAL EXPRESSIONS

• VERIFY to make sure you have understood the information correctly

• WRITE down a word or DRAW if you can

• POINT to something

• Attempt to identify the TOPIC first then move on to the details

• Use words communication partner wrote down

Strategies to help caregivers get their message across

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Strategies to help the person with aphasia get their message across


Communication strategies

• If you do not have TIME to communicate or are having trouble, try to return to finish the conversation at another time

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Cognition,perceptionand/or communication goal

Use memory aids

Pay more attention to your affected side

Teach others communication strategies

Use more gestures and pointing Write down key words

Other: _______

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Left

Right

MODULE 5: Emotions, Roles and Relationships

Emotions after stroke

Happy

Sad

Worried

Depressed

Angry

Stressed

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GERIATRIC DEPRESSION SCALEChoose the best answer for how you have felt over the past week:

1. Are you basically satisfied with your life? YES / NO

2. Have you dropped many of your activities and interests? YES / NO

3. Do you feel that your life is empty? YES / NO

4. Do you often get bored? YES / NO

5. Are you in good spirits most of the time? YES / NO

6. Are you afraid that something bad is going to happen to you? YES / NO

7. Do you feel happy most of the time? YES / NO

8. Do you often feel helpless? YES / NO

9. Do you prefer to stay at home, rather than going out and doing new things? YES / NO

10. Do you feel you have more problems with memory than most? YES / NO

11. Do you think it is wonderful to be alive now? YES / NO

12. Do you feel pretty worthless the way you are now? YES / NO

13. Do you feel full of energy? YES / NO

14. Do you feel that your situation is hopeless? YES / NO

15. Do you think that most people are better off than you are? YES / NO

Scoring:

The facilitator will help you assess your risk of depression.


Do you experience any of these feelings?

Lack of energy

Difficulties concentrating

Lonely

Tired all the time

Loss of appetite

Trouble sleeping

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How to deal with mood changes

Be ENGAGED IN LIFE

Stay PHYSICALLY ACTIVE

Avoid SOCIAL isolation

Stay in touch with FAMILY and FRIENDS

Talk to other STROKE SURVIVORS and CAREGIVERS

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LIFE

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How to deal with mood changes

Learn about STROKE to help you understand what’s happening

Talk to your HEALTHCARE TEAM about your concerns

Speak to your physician about MEDICATION if you think you are depressed

Set GOALS and work toward them to help you maintain a sense of CONTROL, improve your CONFIDENCE and raise your SELF-ESTEEM

Take an ACTIVE role in your recovery, one step at a time

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Maintaining social relationships

Meet up at a coffee shopor restaurant

Go to the park

Go to the movies

Join a community centre

Attend your place of worship

Join a support group

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Wellness goal

Be physically active

Be social

Join a group

Talk to doctor about medications

Other: ________

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Take an ACTIVE role in your recovery and better understand stroke

Take MEDICATIONS as prescribed

EAT HEALTHY

Stay PHYSICALLY ACTIVE

Teach others about aphasiaand helpful COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES

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MODULE 6: Reducing the Risk of Stroke and Moving Forward


Maintain connections with FAMILY and FRIENDS

Reduce STRESS

OVERCOME BARRIERS tomaking changes

Set GOALS and work toward them

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Before After



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Self care goal

Be more physically active

Join a community centre or gym

Eat a healthier diet

Take my medications as prescribed

Reduce unhealthy habits

Reduce stress

Socialize more

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handout package · • vision • hearing • time • body neglect compensate for neglect if you...

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