HANYu PINYIN )11t41f-i

PENG 'S CHINESE TREASURY

concept and cartoons by

Tan Huay Peng

Times Books International S;II!1Qport _ /Ii"./" lItmp~r

(1 1984 TImes Editions Pte Lid

Published by Times Books International an imprint 01 Times EdJlions Pte Ltd Times Centre, 1 New Industrial Road Singapore 1953

2nd Floor, Wlsma Hong Leong Yamaha 50 Jalan Penchala 46050 PetaNng Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia

First published June 1984 Reprinted 1986, 1988, 1990

All rights reserved. No pan of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form Of by any means, electronic, mechanical, photo-copying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner.

Printed by Mentor Printers Private Limited

ISBN 981 204 141 9

Hanyu Pinyin 6

The Four Tones 8

Simple Vowels 13

Compound .vowels 24

Consonants 41

The Neutral Tone 67

Tone Sandhi 71

Tone Marks 72

The Umlaut Mark 74

Two-syllable Words 76

Vocabulary 82

6

HANYU PINYIN

Hanyu Pinyin. the Romanized Chinese phonetic System. is considered the most effective aid to learning Mandarin today. It is precise and accurate and compared to other Romanizations, such as . Wade-Giles and Yale . it is less complicated and thus more easily learnt.

The system reads and writes easily . using fewer letters per sound than any other system. As an additional guide to proper pronunciation. simple tone marks are placed over the vowels.

Pinyin Made Simple

This book demonst rates the simplest way to master Pinyin. It analyzes the system. breaking down the sounds into simple vowels. compound vowels, and consonants.

First things first. The 4 tones are introduced. after which comes the pronunciation of each vowel and consonant component of one-syllable words.

Basic Words and Characters

Approximately 500. basic words. with their Chinese characters in the modern simplified form. are progressively introduced in groups according to sound. As far as possible. the examples given for each vowel or consonant group can be identified from the cartoon .

100 Pinyin words with two syllables are also listed and explained.

Cartoons Learning Pinyin is really no drudgery. and cartoons have been used throughout for the dual function: to amuse and to teach . Almost effortlesslY, it is possible to learn the Pinyin spelling. pronunciation and pitch of each word . as well as its meaning and Chinese character - at the same time.

So flip these pages. be inspired , learn and have

fun!

7

8

THE FOUR TONES

Chinese is a tonal language. Every Chinese character is a syllable with a fixed tone. If the tone is wrong, the meaning is changed right away. and in some cases corresponds with no existing Chinese character!

Mandarin. the official Chinese language. has four basic tones: each one is indicated by a tone mark .

The tone marks are placed over the vowels. If the letter '"j" has a tone mark over it. the dot is omitted.

- The first tone is a high continuous tone. like the reciting o f " A BCD. etc."

The second tone is a rising questioning tone, like a surprised " Huh?"

The third tone is a drawling tone. first V falling then riSing. like an indecisive " Well .. "

The fourth tone is a sharp falling tone. like a purposeful " Yes!"

Examples:

a A A A ~ ~ ~ ~

060 0 Q u u u T 1

1st tone ;;;

2nd tone

3rd tone

"' ...

4th tone

9

10

VOWELS

In Mandarin there are 6 simple vowels and 15 compound vowels. The compound vowels are combinations of 2 or J vowels.

CONSONANTS II

There are also 24 consonants. divided into 7 groups according to the way they are articulated.

II

SIMPLE COMPOUND SIMPLE VOWELS VOWELS VOWELS

""'" ~ a a; ao

e e;

~ ;a ;e ;u lao ,

0 ou

u ua u; un uo uai

U ua ue

CONSONANTS b p m f

d n

g k ng h

q . , , zh ch sh , z c s

y w Lefs begin with the simple vowels:

a e 0 u U

12 13

a as in mama. papa

as in cash. rash when placed between 1 and n a

p~ Ii, fear y' jf tooth tiNn 7i: sky qi3n T- 1000

m. ~1 mother ~a . :it hair jian JlI. see xi!n $I'; first

nA. it carry w. ~ frog dian r.s shop piAn !lQ cheat

.yii III duck ba i§ father dian ,~. spot qian fl money

h. Pft ha! da IT beat jiatt ~ reduce miiin ilii noodles

15

I'

e as in ~arn , learn

~ M\ Swan de m he iUJ river ge 1-ge ~ song re !!.\ ke il: lesson she ~ he "'- jOin he n!O c

[6

e

obtain ye individual ji ~ ho[ jie tongue bi~

drink die

as in get, w£t when preceded by I or u lexcept for the letter yl

1I night xi~

ill elder sister lie

I~ receive que

~lJ don't ye

I'Ji fall yue

*4 slanting

~ crack

Ml rea lly

Pt leaf

11 moon

17

• I as in sir. wit • is pronounced like a vocalized r

I if preceded by zh. eh, sh or r

\ 1/ ~ zhi I1l point .:'0:-, - chi 0<; eat , ' I" chi II!; spoon

chi i8 late

shi • matter

8 day

• is pronounced like a buuing z I if preceded by z, c or s

zl i\ purple

cr III bestow

z; q: word d; !f:i younger ti

brother H; body c j i ii1 phrase

Ii. f:/. grain q; -l:: seven b, ;g pen ji ic remember

sl Ii silk

1m four

., ~ chicken y' 1>.

) . garment

ml !It rice xl i1!i west

18 19

o as in drop. prop

wfi !1! nest pO fIJi mi> ~ silent wi> J1il b6 la uncle b6 itt. pO i$ old lady mfi IJi b6 lIJi limp pO 1£

20

o

slope dong grasp hOng

waves noog

touch zhong

splash yong

as in sow. grow if followed by ng

:!F- east t6ng

j[ rainbow dong

'IF make dong

~I' plant tong

III use chong

[li] together

iJJ move

ti understand

iili go through

!I\ worm

21

u like the "00" in look. book

gu i!i ancient to f£ lu ijI; record hU I!€ lu n show shu [t{ du * read to §t shu 4> book wu ( , -,

22

•• u

picture yu

tiger yu

mouse ju rabbit

qu crow qO

like the French u in fur hi appears as u if preceded by I. q. " or yl

It! fish yu jjj

" "" J1!l meet nu

'a) sentence yu Ji qu = JlJJ tune .,.

IR district In t~

rain

gi rl

jade

marry

green

23

• al sounds like the " ie ·· in lie

COMPOUND VOWELS

..."",,1

mai '!k buy gai m cover

mai >Ji sell hil i !. child

@;0:: @"" ~ li i ,jl love nai lJl milk

~ \::P' ba i 8 '00 Ai ~ short

Let's now tackle the 15 compound vowels - fi rst (>A i AA! sign plate da i >:> bag

the Hetter vowels. then the H euer vowels

25

24

• a 0 sounds like the "ow" in how el sounds like the "ay" in gay

bao tfj be full yao P)( bite m~i ;r, beautiful fei He fat

cao 1~ grass tao iii flee pei ~5 accompany wei ~J stomach

mao i'i! cap nao [Jjj noisy mei 1:1< younger sister mei ~ plum

m.o 1;\\ cat pao W!! wn wei ~ tail Ire; f~ cup

kao ~ tean on P'o l!! throw rei 11k ba,k gei ,0 ,0 give

26 27

• la is a combination of "'j" and "a" is a combination of ''j'' and " e"

• Ie

j iii ';l[ family jil !If press t ie I'!< iron xie !it crab xi! l' below jia III false jie fif borrow die It dish j iii l\l marry j ia: hU add xi€! 11 shoes jie fi separate jia !\l! shelf j iii fit price tie I/; paste xie iii thank xia :!i summer xia: !f prawn qie tn slice pie ll'l fling

28 29

• IU is a combination of " j" and ··u" OU sounds like the " ow'· in low

xin 1* ,est xiii 1IIi sleeve gou ill drain hOu Fa behind j iii illi wine qiO ~)( autumn chou $I, smelly tou III steal lie. ,,,

'E remain liii i1ri now dou Jl. beans shOu ~ hand niii -'f cow j iii fL nine gou !5 enough k/iu p mouth diO " throw I i ii ~

six hou lI> monkey tou !k head "

30 31

u a is a combination of " u" and "a" sounds like " way" •

UI

hua n!lJ paint hua iii word chuT 1IX blow sui '9 age

shull "~ brush hua ill smooth zui .",. mouth zhuT ill chase

guo n hang zhua 11K scratch guT ftl turtle tui "' retreat

hu. ~J paddle hua if. flower dui ~t correct sui FJ1i follow

ku. ~ boast guO m melon lui * push shui it who?

J2 33

un is a combination of " u" and " n" uo is a combination of " u" and "0"

Ciin H village gun if{ trundle duo U hide lu6 9 net

hun If; diuy dun ~ pause tuo IliI. come off hUG ffi live

sUn M- grandson kan lE tired zuo 1>. sit luo iii drop

run ~~ lubricate eMn 1'1 lips suo flI lock duo $ many

liin ~ wheel tun W swallow zuo flli. make guo ;:t pass

34 3S

•• ua is a combination of " u" and "a" but the 2 dots are absent from the u"

juan m contribute juan II! weary yuan I1Q garden quan 1m circle xuan ill; choose juan i\'l< roll up quan !it spring yuan Z fa, quan :i: complete yuan ill< source

36

•• ue

hie til nile IE xue 1fD. jue '!Ii xue 1'f

is a combination of "'ii " and "e" although the 2 dots over the " u" only appear after the letters I and n

brush past yu. !~ arrange

malaria yue 1* leap

blood que Bil! lack

feel xue = Of- learn

snow que iI< sparrow

37

• lao sounds like the "eow" in meow • u a I is a (ombinalion of " u " and " a " and 'T

o fISHING

)jao « expect jiao fl4 shout huai fl' bosom gulfi JIll slap qiao t'j coincidental miaa 1& wonderful guAi lIE well-behaved ku<ii til chopsticks diaa f', fish qiao Ill!! look huai l1- naughty kuai 1* fast tiao lit select piela 1.11 drift shuai 1$ fall kuai !II piece xiao ;:: laugh niao .Il, bird zhucl.i J;. drag gua i If strange

38 39

40

VOWELS

So far we've dealt with all the simple and compound vowels,

Simple Vowels

a e 0 u U

Compound Vowels

a; ao

e;

;a ;e ;u iao

ou

ua u; un uo uai

ua lie

CONSONANTS

We now proceed with the final ~roup - the consonants - arran~ed in 7 ~roups , accordin~ to the way they are articulated,

41

b like " p " ,voicelessl in help P. strongly aspirated as in pineapple

bling til help bu :ffi doth ping 'l' level pai ff~ arrange bing ,~ sick ~i lit blanket ~ bump pin " goods pimg 00

bl .. nose biAD .. flat ~n u: basin pl JJi: skin bu ff mend bing iii biscuit pO ~ broken pian 11 slice blii tl! place bing OJ; ice pO if fall forward pang !'I'- fat

42 43

m as in more f as in food

rnu * wood mei III eyebrow f~ i """t ny fan t!i rice

rning ~ life meng ~ dream f<n >t divide .,

fen fll portion men 1<1 bored man f!! slow {eng U bee f. :It distribute mAi l.!lI bury rna J;O horse fA"ng m mom fu lli\ good fortune rna tli wipe rn. l'g scold fang 15 square fan Ii!l overturn

44 4S

d like " t " Ivoiceless) in nitwit t strongly aspirated as in talk

da * big diao Iil hang tian m field tu ± soil dai '* dumbstruck ding '" nail ting Il' stop tong !i! child dan Jli single dong ifiil hole tOn ~{ chat tong jl1i bucket dian 'I! electricity dUi iI£ pile tlng 'Ii hear tou ~ penetrate deng IT lamp duan Iii short tuo ltJj drag tiao It leap

46 47

n as in nimble as in loud I

n6ng 15< farming n'n JII difficult lao t'; old Ia n iII basket nj iIE mud neng fit able l ong Sf deaf liang lJj( cool niAn if- year n'n Wi south Ii jJ strength I ~ng ~ cold nii it lasting nOn IiIl tender lei om- thunder ling !il alert nan !Il male nuan Si' warm lian !& face Iii iii mad

48 49

9 like 'O k" (voicelessl in skill k strongly aspirated as in kid

gan iI!: dare gOn lI! 'OOt k!i :If open k. 'iii bitter gOn '" pole gui * devil

k'n ~ look ku8. ~ step gOn Itt mandarin gO Iiji look after

ki5ng "" empty kui .., lose = orange

guan 1i' manage guo ll( fru it - shell kil • trousers ke :;c

gOo ;Il; high gai i& change kO ~ C'Y k6u fO deduct

SO S I

n9 as in song h as in hot

Ji ang jl!j two gong I work hai .. sea h6ng iI ,ed ying Ii!! hard chang 118 sing huo "'- fire hui !li. ash qing 1£ light hang hu ", kettle IT mw hong jj\ roast >II( mang It busy f~ng J"l wind huAng 'Ot yellow han if sweat song ill deliver shuling ~j both hl!i !II. black hao H good

52 53

• J like "ch" Ivoiceless) in mischief like " ch" Istrongly aspirated) in cheat

j iu i& rescue jin ~ taut Qi W wife qiao III knock j iii ;<. long jie !Ii knot Qi - angry quan ,h persuade .. ji • Til anxious jiAng ill speak qiang ~Ii< strong qiii 31< beseech jTng 'If well jii Ii' lift qi!n M front qing iii feelings jiao ~ hand over j iiin It! shoulder qun I,Il skirt QU ;I; reave

\4 55

x

xiiio Ii xie EJ xiin "I-xing iW xilio 'J'

S6

like a sound between the "s" in see and the " sh" in she

school xiiin Ix line write xin ,e, heart seek xing tf~ shape awake xili ng :Il! think small xi iing At elephant

zh like the ··dg" Ivoicelessl in sludge

zhao ~{l shine zhi il straight

zho iI!!i cover zhi U branch

zhai 'il narrow zh~n ~ real

zhii 1t bamboo zhuo IJE catch

zhang '" grow zho If, pig

51

ch as in children sh as in sheaf

chCi m kitchen ,h. .z fork shan LiJ mounlain shuo ill say chao ~y stir·fry chong i'l' rinse sha ng 1: up. above shul "' water chai ~ firewood ,h. ?It tea shi :fi stone sheng l' grow

chou Ii!J take out chen 1; dust shu li'! tree shu * bind chang ~ taste chuang = Eli bed sh~n >t body shou I\l( collect

58 59

r

do

ruan

ren

rong

ren

60

as in raw. with the tongue curled back but without the trill

!J! go round ruo !lii feeble

fj; soft rong i; appearance

A person ru A enter

!ill melt ren V. recognize

ra. endure rou [!:j meat

z

zao

zai

za zao

zuan

like the . 'ts" in plants twithout aspirationl

.... early

lilt plant

iI< assorted

j!\: make

';I; go through

za zu zou

zuo zu

tL plait

'll. hinder

;if: walk. go

Ii' lett

JE foot. leg

61

c

co

ca i

c uo

cong

cO

62

like the " ts" in eats, but strongly aspirated

ilil rub cA n " f* trample cui !frj

~~ wrong cai ?Ii ~ hastily c! i 1II *Ii rough ceng Ifr

s as in sum. sweep

meal si5ng r~ loose se fg colour crisp suan 'Jl. calculate s.n AX disperse vegetable sAn three sui 1$ smash guess 51 JIOi tear sAo B sweep layer sA n 'i> umbrella 51 ~ dead

63

y as in you w as in we

yT Il'i treat you tt worry wan iWl late wo ~ yan 3ft examine you ;(Ef have wii 1i five wi l* socks

yun !j< pregnant yOn ~ giddy wang fI! gaze wAng :E king

yang n shape you )l. again wi! i 1Jil! hello! wAn lj( play

y •• !f waist y" ¥,; medicine wOn rOJ ask wlii i!1 crooked

6. 6 5

66

"-

VOWELS AND CONSONANTS

We've now completed all the POSSible sounds of Hanyu Pinyin.

Simple Vowels

• e 0 u U

Compound Vowels . , '0

\ / el

~ I. Ie lu iao

ou

u. ul un uo uai

U. ue

Consonants

b p m f

d n

g k ng h

q x

zh ch sh r

z c s y w

We're now ready td deal with the 5th tone _ the neutral tone.

THE NEUTRAL TONE

Apart from the 4 bask tones. there is a 5th tone in Mandarin: the neutral tone.

The neutral tone is light. soft and short. unlike any of the 4 basic tones. It is pronounced in a re/axtd way . without any stress. and varies in pitch according to the tone of the preceding syllable.

Generally . all particles. interjections. pronouns after verbs. and other words whkh do not carry important concrete meanings in a sentence. have the neutral tone.

The tone mark for the neutral tone may either be a small d rcle ,0 l over the vowel. or a dot ' · I preceding the syllable. Usually. however. no mark is necessary.

Iff i1\I? o

hao ma?

hao· ma?

hao ma?

67

In Mandarin. there are only a few characters with a The following is a list of two-syllable words where definite neutral to.ne. They carry no concrete only the 1st syllable is stressed. In each example meaning of their Own. being functional only as given below. the tone o f the 2nd syllable has been suffixes. Here is a list: neutralized for effective oral emphasis.

1st tone

g~ ge = ge ge ~::f elder brother ma '" men In 'he !fI rnA rnA mil ma Ii'lli'l mother ne iii! me A de 1~ zhi dao zhT dao Jalill know ba "E de ft,) lie "'1 jT qi = jT qi mil:! machine la III< II '11 1'0 'l1 2nd tone Ie T na IIIJII de l1!l peng you peng you JIll;\( friend = ,I 'f- ma • a Ifi! she tou she tou "i!'i9< tongue =

rni ng b3i = ming bai B~B understand

r6ng yi = r6ng yi '<f£ easy

Syllables are normally uttered in anyone of the 4 3rd tone tones. However. tones can be neutralized according

j ie jie j ie jie il!il! elder sister to:

111 the context yan jing yan j i ng P~PI'i eye

121 the other syllable it joins to form a word er duo er duo II':ii!: ear 131 the stress and intonation of the phrase zao shang = zao shang .!f-J: morning 141 the shades of meaning 151 the more or less strong emphasis laid on the 4th tone

words baba ba ba ,HI father

di di = di di "'"' younger brother

mei mei = mei mei 1*-1*- younger sister

Ui yang = tai yang :l.c1lB "n

68 69

THE FIVE TONES Let's review the 5 tones:

TONE SANDHI

The 3rd tone syllable normally has a falling and rising pitch.

1 Examples

'-" hilo !ff good

mei ;)1 beautiful

nl 1* you

wo 1l< I

When followed by a syllable of another tone. the 3rd tone syllable is pronounced half 3rd tone. It

2 only falls. but does not rise.

Examples

3 buo cbe ;1<$ train

~ mei ren ;)1A beauty

kao shi "'IiA examination

yl zo lll-r chair

4 When followed by a syllable of the same tone. the 3rd tone syllable is pronounced in the 2nd tone. It does not fall , but only rises.

Examples

bos~ l ao ban = lao bin ol:lIii mT fen = mt fen *Iil rice flour

mei hao = mei hao ;)1!ff fine

shuT guo = shut guo ** fruit

70 71

72

TONE MARKS

III The tone mark must be placed over a vowel. if it is a simple vowel:

aei6ilU

If the vowel is " i" the dot is always omitted" Thus:

iii

121 The ·"a"· of a compound vowel always carries the tone mark:

ii i ao ia: ua iao uai

If there is no ""a """ the tone mark is placed over " 0"" or ""e"":

ou uo

(31 A compound vowel with both "r and "" u ""

has the tone mark placed over the 2nd vowel:

iil ui uai

• e i i> U

ai 80 ia ua

QU uo

ei ie Ue 10 u1 u<i i un

Here are al1 the possible combinations of vowels with their tone marks properly placed"

1st tone U' a • • 0 U ai ei iii ou ua

ao ;e u. iU Un iao uo

uai

/ e 1 6 u G • ei ;a 6u u. Ue a; 80 " u1

iu un iao u6

l Td tone U

V ! i e I Ii

ei iii liu uil

ilo Ie u1 ill un iAo uli

e 1 c u n , • e; lA CU u' Ue ai ao Ie u1

ii! un iao uo

73

74

THE UMLAUT MARK •• The umlaut mark is a mark made up of two dots f •• I placed over a vowel to indicate modification in the quality of the vowel. It is derived from the German u'" (changed) and (Qut (sound/.

In Mandarin. it appears only in the vowel "u" and is pronounced as in the German 9r;;" or the French rUt.

The vowel "u" appears with the umlaut mark only when preceded by " n" or " " '. e.g.

nG nO' 10 10'

•• In all others preceded by I , q . . ......... " x" or " y" the

umlaut mark may be omitted.

e.g.

jil qu xu yu ju~ quO xu, yu. juln quan xuan yuan jlln qun xOn yOn

./$)

7'

76

TWO-SYLLABLE WORDS

The C~i~ese language is primarily disyllabic. i.e .. compnsl.ng two-syllable words. These may be formed In the following ways. which are by no means exhaustive.

III Appending a noun suffix: zi ! T I or tou 19\' er zi JL'l'- son milo zi i'H hat shi tou '69; stone gu tou 1'1* bone

!21 Repeating the same syllable

kiln kan lilt look

xie xie iMiif thanks

chang chang ~~ often

OJ Linking up with an interdependent syllable

qing Ung f!jfJ! dragonfly

hu die ~~ butterfly

zhi zhil ;;W_ spider

141 Linking up with an independent synonym

kan jian :ti-.ffi see

guang dil J * vast

gan kuai ilit:k: quickly

, 151 Linking up with another syllable idiomatically

dong xi *i1§ thing least-west!

duo shi'io $j,' how many (many-fewl

huo che 1<$ train {fire-vehiclel

qian jin f-i: daughter nhousand-goldl

fan tong t&1I1i good-for-nothing (rice-buckeu

chang duan *~ mishap Uong-shortl

The following pages list a hundred commonly used two-syllable words. First syllables from the (st to the 4th tone are paired off with syllables from each of the 5 tones to form a variety of two-syllable words.

77

;;;

1-1 f~i jT 'Ill aeroplane guo ji! 1l!II: country qi3n xO iIIlt humble 2-1 qiu hon *111 propose xTn x i!n Iii~ f,esh du shu ~'Il study gil din JIll. alone shi jiAn 9<J'fBJ time zhong xTn "P,C, centre ping An '1''1< safe

1-2 hUi ch!n !ii:Jl dust hui dA @ll!' reply cong mang l<Jtt hastily 2-2 huAi yl !Hi suspect huan ying "'.!!' welcome t6ng qing filltll sympathise ZhT chi ~I+ sUPPOrt r~n min At< people zhuan m~n '1'[1 special qiAn Hi ft1Jll future

1-3 gong xi $lJ congratulate p~i yang 1ft'" nurture shen U Itt;< body 2-3 y6u yang illi!< swim shang kau mOl wOUnd w~i xiao it/j, little xin ku *il' hard hui xiang @l;0 fecall qing shuang ~lI! cool rl!n k6u A" population

1-4 qf pian 11<'111 deceive sui bian Fi!!!! careless feng fll "'. prosperous 2-4 xi guAn >.J ill habit gllo gui ;t;~ noble eli gan otT ability hei an 11\l1li darkness xue w~n "'Iii! knowledge jTng yan tHIt experience ze r(!:n I!!(f responsibility

1-5 Ia: men f<!Jln they mi ng zi to'" name yT fu '«I!ll clothes 2-5 rna fan "tl trouble xia xi f*~ 'est fAng zi lilT house xiln sheng "'!t teacher shen me ft~ what? gulln xi ** relations hai zi JlT child

78 79

... ~

3-1 jie kai lilt!' untie pi'i tong lUi common jin zhang jjt::li tense mian bao iii'@. bread

huo eM :1< $ train 4-1 cai dan "!lit(! menu

wan can "'''

dinner qi chi! 1'\$ car

3-2 ke liAn 'lW dian deng <\lIT electric light

pitiful jian kang iii/A< healthy Iti xing lI!!f travel man zu iMJE satisfied wen t'i r~1!i question

yi'i yan 'orr language 4-2 fii 2ft j;[o;, complex '0 ~

yan yuan '" li\

actor te hie ttl'l special

\ian xi tl >J exercise

3-3 zhao Ian IIl!ti exhibition nei r6ng r'l t' content shuT guo "'* fruil yang gan ffJJit brave ZI dian 'l'j!! dictionary

wu diio .1Ii dance 4-3 bao zhi l\l!1\ newspaper

lib jiEi HI understand dian ying fl!J~ film

Ichange 3rd tone of I SI syllable to hOll guo Iii* results

2nd tonel hOll hui liim regret

3-4 kao shi -;!flit examination dian hua <\lili telephone

ren noli .tJi~ endure 4-4 bao gao l\li'i report

xiang ShOll :<,I:ll' enjoy ming yun ft1ii destiny

nu Ii 1'l!J hardworking qu wei lI'"* interest

jie shi iiI» explain xiang pian IIIIt phot~raph

3-5 yl " Iller chair ke qi \li' ''\ polite

zhen tOll It" pillow 4-5 gil shi lit. story

ni men f*fn you Iplural) xia mian l' iii below

wo men ftfn we: us yi si :t..~. meaning

wei ba /liel tail bei " 'lIT lifetime

80 81

VOCABULARY ~ ~ Hany", Pinyin/Chinese characler/Enelish meanlne/Page No, Hany", Pinyin /Chinese Characler / English meanin. / Pa.e No,

I; It short . ; " bi $I love

" b!i Iii father 14

bi; B 100 " bin" I! place

" III help

" bi. l!! M ; be full 2.

M; 1'1' rup 27

bl !II blanket 42

bl • no« 42

bi!n "1\ pen

" bi~ Q flat 42

bI ng ?;\ don 't 17

bing ice

" bi ng !Jf biscuit 42 Ii! skk 42 .bo i~

bo waves 20

bo fa "nc~ 20

b. It limp 20

b. ~f mend 42 'IIi cloth

" " III "b . 2 c.l i ~ cai """'s .2 r; trample cai

~ .2

COn vegetable .2 meal • 2 el. '" cling grass 2.

III layer .2 ' hi JI. fork ,. ,h' ~ chli

teo I. lI! firewood

ching ~ " = taste 18 ching II{: sing 12

ChiD 1& stir-fry 18 ch~n <10 dust 18 , hI D!; eot 19 , hi ill ~te 19 , hi ~ spoon 19 ch6ng 1<1' rinse 18 chong !h worm 21

, bo" iii take out 18 ch()u $t smelly 31 , h, III kitchen 18 chuAng Iii bed 18 chuT PX blow II chun 'II Ups 34 el i>l phrase 19 el III bestow 19 c6ng jg hastily .2 eO II! rough .2 cui ~ crisp .2 eon Il village 34

" B lit wrong . 2 dl IT be" 14 d. * big 4. dl i * dumbstruck 4. dAi lOi bog II d,n if>. single 4. d, (~ obtain I • dling IT ~mp 4. dl ~, younger brother 18 diAn ,?j. spot 1\ diAn "'- electricit y 4. diAn Iii shop 1\ diAo Ii\ hang 4. diAo I'J fish 18

82 83

~ <>~ HanYII PInyin/Chinese character/English meaninl / Pale No. Hanyu Pinyin/Chinese character/English meanln'/POlige No.

di! '" fall 17 g" It! mandarin orange '0 die II dish 2' g" 'i' pole '0 dr'g tT nail '. g" AI; da,e '0 diD

" throw '0 g'. ;0; high '0 do ... * east 21 g. ~ <ong I. dong II understand 21 g. l' individual "

dang i;b mo'e 21 g~ i ~ give 27 dong if'! hole '6 g" til mot '0 d" Ji beans 31 gO ... I work " do lit read 22 gO, ill drain JI d"" III shorl 46 g" ~ enough JI d,y III pile ,. gO "Ii andent 22 d,l >J correct H g. iii look after '0 d., !Ii pa,,,,

" go, III melon " d,o ~ many

" g" tI hang " d" U hide " guli lIE well-behaved ,. • III swan 16 gulli lI!I "'P ,. f, ;j!: distribute " guAi 11 strange ,. " ;j!: hair " go" 'iI' manage '0 f', I!j overturn " g" II! turtle H f" 1& fice

" gol lV. devil '0 flng 1i square " gun is trundle " fAng II; ,oem " g" 'l! fruit '0 Eei -. n, " go, tt pa" " rei Ie I" 27 h' ~ ha! " r~i ox ba,k 27 hii Iii child " ", ;r divide

" hii m "" " ", 19 portion

" h', ff sweat " feng 1'\ wind

" hang rr m w " feng U bee " h •• If good " ffi ill good fortune " h. Oil drink I. gii IX change '0 h. A- join 16 0 gii lI\ cover " h. iiI river 16

8. 85

~ Hanyu Pinyin/Chinese charil(ler / E",lIsh meanlni/PaCe No.

hei 11\ black " hong !II roast " h6ng II ,ed " M •• il: rainbow 21 h •• flO monkey 31 M. Fa behind 31 h. if kenle " h. !II. tiger " hoi It flower 32 hoi tJ paddle 32 h., ill smooth 32 h .. iii word 32 h., @j paint 32 hul i Il' bosom 39 hUl i .q; naughty 39 hulng • yellow " h.T Iii a,h " h,. I} dizzy J4 h •• :I< fjre 53 h., i! live J\ jT ;q chicken 18 jl ~ anxious " jl iC remember 18 jil btl add 28 jil ~ P"'" 28 j il

*" family 28 jil III false 28 jii ffr price 28 j il !4l shelf 28 jii lit marry 28 jiln .1 shoulder " jib ~ reduce " jiAn 'l! "'" "

t Hanyu Pinyin j ehlnese chuacter / £",lIsh mean'n, 1 Plille No.

jilng ill speak " jilo J1 hand over " jilo '4 shool 38 ji i! Jl rKeive 17 jie !/j knot " jie III elder sister 17 jie II separate 29 jie 111 borrow 29 jln ill laot " jlng 'It well " jiG it. nine 30 jili "- 10 • • " jit1 ilIi wine 30 jiu " rescue " ill 'i< lift \4 j. 1i) sentence 2J jut n IH contribute 3. juAn * roll up 3' juAn II weary 3. jue lit leel J7 kli ff ope. \I kA. * look \I kA. • lean on 2 • .. ~ shell \I .. il lesson I.

"" 2: empty \I ... 0 mouth 31 ... 10 deduct " ,. jI! "Y " " 'li bluer " .. !If trousers " ,., * boa" J2 ,., I'< "ep " 86

87

* 4: HllInyu PinyIn /Chinese chilraCl~r/Enlrish mf'anlns/Palf' No. Hanyu Pinyln /ChlneK Chilf;Jcter/En&lIsh me;anlng / Palf' No.

kuii II> fast 39 kulli I!< piece 39 kuAi

" chopsticks 39 "I .. I"", " ", I!I tired J4 I" iI?( basket 49 IA.

"" old 49 lei iii thunder 49

leng ~ cold 49 11 tJ strength 49 Ii f1 grain liiin 18

liAng !& face 49 Ii< mol 49

ILlLIng iI'i 'wo " Haa J! expect 38 l i~ :.1 crack 17 lIng >l alert 49 lin ilrf now 30 riu WI remain 30 Jiil ~ ", " 30 16ng ~ deaf 49

" lit record 22

" ~ ""w 49

" It show 22 10 t~ green 2J 10' ~ brush past J7 to, ffi wheel J4 "0 19 oe, JS I •• ff; dmp J5 ml I!! mother " m. li\ horse " ml 11 scold " rnA i 1I bu" "

rnAi JI; b" " mai '#; sell " m" 11 ,low " ming It bu" " mi. lI< "" 2.

m" III "'P 2. me; III eyebrow " me; 110 plum 27 mei !)l beautiful 27 mei I< younger sister 27 m', .1 bo,ed " meng l' dream " ml '" rice 18 miln iii noodles IS milo ~ wonderful 38 ming 111 life " m6 /1 ,,,,,,h 20 mo It wipe " mo !! silent 20 m' * wood " " '" carry " nli OIl milk 21 nii i! lasting 48 ,', 'Il male 48 ,,, i'Ii south 48 ,,, II difficull 48 , .. fflj] noisy 2. ,', III tender 48 neng /;i able 48 ,j iJj; m,d 48 niin <I- year 48 niio '" bird 38 niii 'f m w 30

88 89

~ ~ ~ j:o Han)'u Pinyin I Chlnese characte, I En«Ush me anl".1 PaC" No.

n6ng t< farming 48 ""·S fF make " ." j{ girl 23 nuin

" warm 48 ."' IE malaria 37 ... la fear 14 pi; ffi' arrange 4J pi; II! sign plate 25 ..... If 'ot 4J .... M throw 2. .... lI! '"" 2. .. ; J1l accompany 27 ... It basin 4J .... ll! bump 4J pi It skin 43 piAn If stice 43 piAn !jQ cheat " pilo iJ' drift 38 pl. • fling 29 pl. c

goods 4J 00

pi .. 'I' level 4J pO lJl. slope 20 pO II< splash 20 pO III old lady 20 pO it broken 4J pO If faU forward 4J qJ -t: seven 18 qJ 'It wife " qj 'I angry " qiln 'f 1000 " qiin ii1J front " qiin tI money " qiing !!l strong "

Hanyu Pinyin I Chinese chilracter / Engllsh meanlnc/ Pal e No.

qilo AI koock " qiio ... look 3' qiio " COincidental 38 qii!i '] slice 29 qTng >! tight " ql ng ~ fl!elings " qiO fJ: autumn 30 qiCi * b<seech " qn IR district 23 q. iIIl tune 23 q. ~ marry 23 ., $; leave " qulin III d TCIe 3. quin ~ complete 3. quin Jil spring 3. quin 1JJ persuade " ."' ~ ~'" " ."' iI< sparrow " ."' ~ really 17 .,. HI skirt " ". ~ go round 60

" !!. hot I. ". A person 60

". .\Z endure 60

". iI. recOt:nize 60 , I 8 d., 19 rong ~ appearance 60 r6ng • melt 60 ,." t<J meat 60

" A enter 60 ruin IJ: soft 60

". i'l lubricate " ". !jlj feeble 60

90 9 1

~ 0~ Hanyu Pinyin/Chinese character/English meanJn«/Page No. Hanyu Pinyin/ Chinese character /English meanlne / Page No.

", = three 63 - ,,' i$ smash 63 ", • umbrella 63 ", Ill: disperse 63

.no 11- grandson " '"' IlII lock 35 , .. 13 sweep 63 u, ~ chat 47 ,. f5 colour 63 Uo ;1t flee 26

shin tI1 moumain ,. shAng 10 up. above ,. . h. <!f tongue 16 sh~n # body ,.

t1 '* body 18 tib "Ii .ky 15 tiAn III field 47 t ilo !l< ",Iect 38

sh~ng 10 grow ,. • hI '6 stone ,. , hI • matter

"

t iio JJ; leap 47 ti~ iii paste 2 • t ie IJ< iron 2.

sh6u <& collect ,. shOu '" hand 31 , h. i> book 22 , h. rtl mouse 22 , h' '" bind ,. , h, 14 " .. ,. shul 1111 brush " shulli 1* fall 3.

Hng * hear 47 ti ng ~ stop 47 tting ;m go through 21 t6ng JllJ together 21

to"" M child 47 tong Iili bucket 47

to" iii steal 31

,6" 9< head 31 shul"g 3, bo,h 52 shuT ill who? 33 shuT 11< water ,.

t'" ~ penetrate 47

" 111 picture 22

" ± soil 47 ,h"" ill .. y 5' " l< rabbit 22 ,T Ii. silk

" loT lit push 33

,T IIIi tear 63 10' i!! retreat 33 , I it dead 63 tno 'If swallow " ,I 1& ,"",

" 10' J1i drag 47

""" y. I""", 63 10' !II come off 35 sOng ~ deliver 52 suin Jr. calculate 63

w, i£ frog 14 w' l* ""k, 65

"I flf follow 33 wli i ~ crooked 65 "I '11 .ge l3 wi, Ii: p~y 65

92 93

t i: Hanyu Pinyin/Chinese charilcter/EngUsh meaning / Page No. Hanyu Pinyin {Chinese ch'Hacter / English munine I Pille No.

w., ~ ~te .5 xuin ijI 'h""'" ,. w'", :[ king .5 .. , " learn 37 wing 1;1 gm .5 .. , It '"ow 37 wei ~ tail 17 ... JIn btood 37 wei " stomach 17 xun <1 """ 5. wei II/l hello! '5 y' !!I duck t4 w" fOJ ". .5 y' '" tooth t4 wO Ii! ,est 20 y" !Ill e.amine 64 wG ll! / .5 ying f1' sh.pe 64 w' III grasp 20 ylo II waist 64 wO % crow II y" Ol/ bile 2. w' 1i five 65 y" !<j medicine 64 ,j i!§ west /8 y' OJ- Ie., J7 xii If prawn 28 y' II night J7 xii r below 28 yT ot< garment 18 xii I summer 28 yT Il< treat 64 xiln lI; first J5 yi ng @ hard 52 xiin ~ line 56 yOng III use 1I xiing 1!l think 5. yOu tt worry 64 xiing • elephant 56 yGu ff ho.e 64 xiio 'I' small 56 y'u j( again 64 xjio ~ school 56 yO l!! fjsh ;, xiio

"" laugh 38 y' ffi rain " xie

*" slanting y' :E jade " J7 xie ft shoes 2. y. l!I meet " :lie

" write 56 yuln .. garden 36 xi! ;t thank 20 yuAn iIII source '6 xie !II crab 2. yuin ;;;; f" '6 , T, -C' heart 56 yu, !'J arrange 37 xing 1F~ shape 56 yu' ~ mOM J7 xIng III awake 56 yu' t< leap 37 xiii 1* "'" 30 y" ~ giddy 64 xiii 101 ,"",'e 30 y" '" pregnant 6'

9' 95

Han YIi Pinyin /Chinese charillcter / English meaning/ Page No.

" IL plait 61

" *~ assorted 61 z! i AX plant 6 1

". lj! early 61

". i& make ., zhi i '\l narrow " zhing * grow " zhAo ~ shine " , h. l!. cover " zhen j!j real - " , hI tI branch " , hI j'{ straight " , hi ffi point 19 zhong '" plant " , h' lr. pig " ,h' rr "'mboo " zhu! ~ scra tch J2 zhuAi 10: drag 39 zhuT iG , hase H ,h»6 lJ! catch " ,I 1: purple 19

" * word 19 ,." ;I: walk . go 61 ,. Jil foot. leg 61 ". 'U m hinder 6 1 zuln I/; go through 6 1 ,"I III mouth H

'". 1£ len 6 1

'". .. .. " '". III< make "

96