Hardships of Early Hardships of Early Industrial Life Industrial Life

Warm-upWarm-up

Based on the exercise we did in class Based on the exercise we did in class yesterday, what are some of the hardships yesterday, what are some of the hardships of industrial life?of industrial life?

The New Industrial CityThe New Industrial City

Capitalism- Capitalism- means of production are privately means of production are privately owned and operated for profitowned and operated for profit

UrbanizationUrbanization- Movement of people to cities- Movement of people to cities Changes in farming, population growth & demand for Changes in farming, population growth & demand for

workers led people to citiesworkers led people to cities

TenementsTenements- Multistory buildings divided into - Multistory buildings divided into crowded apartments.crowded apartments. No running water, no sanitation systemNo running water, no sanitation system Disease spread rapidly Disease spread rapidly

The Factory SystemThe Factory System

Workers faced rigid schedule:Workers faced rigid schedule:Shifts lasted from 12-16 hoursShifts lasted from 12-16 hoursWorkers suffered accidents from machinesWorkers suffered accidents from machinesBreathed in coal dust & lint-filled air Breathed in coal dust & lint-filled air Workers sick or injured lost their jobsWorkers sick or injured lost their jobs

Women and Child LaborWomen and Child Labor

Women Workers:Women Workers:Employers preferred to hire women: easier to Employers preferred to hire women: easier to

manage, could pay them less for same workmanage, could pay them less for same workWork 12 hours days, come home to tenement Work 12 hours days, come home to tenement

& take care of family & take care of family Child Labor: Child Labor:

Nimble-fingered & quick movingNimble-fingered & quick movingWages needed to keep families from starving Wages needed to keep families from starving

The Working ClassThe Working Class

ProtestsProtestsSmashed machines and burned factoriesSmashed machines and burned factoriesLudditeLuddite= Rioter protesting the machines= Rioter protesting the machinesWorkers forbidden to organize in groups & Workers forbidden to organize in groups &

strikes were outlawedstrikes were outlawed

The New Middle Class The New Middle Class

Merchants, inventors, skilled artisansMerchants, inventors, skilled artisansLived in solid, well-furnished homes Lived in solid, well-furnished homes Men gained influence in Parliament Men gained influence in Parliament Women encouraged to become “ladies” Women encouraged to become “ladies”

who provided a happy, well-furnished who provided a happy, well-furnished home for their husbands home for their husbands

Benefits and Problems Benefits and Problems ProblemsProblems Low pay, Low pay,

unemployment, dismal unemployment, dismal living conditionsliving conditions

Reformers pressed for Reformers pressed for laws to improve laws to improve working conditionsworking conditions

Labor Unions-Labor Unions- Workers organizations; Workers organizations; won the right to bargain won the right to bargain w/ employers for better w/ employers for better wages, hours & wages, hours & working conditionsworking conditions

BenefitsBenefitsFactories created Factories created

more jobsmore jobsWages roseWages roseCost of railroad Cost of railroad

travel decreased, travel decreased, people could visit people could visit familiesfamilies

Opportunity Opportunity increasedincreased

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution Choose one of the following:Choose one of the following:

MinerMiner Factory WorkerFactory Worker Child LaborerChild Laborer Working Class MotherWorking Class Mother Factory OwnerFactory Owner Middle Class WomanMiddle Class Woman LudditeLuddite

Write about the Industrial Revolution from Write about the Industrial Revolution from their their perspective perspective (daily life, negative & positive aspects)(daily life, negative & positive aspects)

Use pages 505-509 in your book if you need more infoUse pages 505-509 in your book if you need more info Should take up about a page in your spiral Should take up about a page in your spiral