harmful effects and emergency response poisoned: harm to internal organs injuries: harm due to...
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Harmful Effects and Harmful Effects and Emergency ResponseEmergency Response
PoisonedPoisoned: harm to internal organs: harm to internal organs
InjuriesInjuries: harm due to external : harm due to external irritantsirritants
HazardHazard is the risk of harmful is the risk of harmful effects from pesticideseffects from pesticides
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Harmful Effects and Harmful Effects and Emergency ResponseEmergency Response
Hazard = Toxicity x ExposureHazard = Toxicity x Exposure
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
When pesticide comes into contact with a When pesticide comes into contact with a surface or organismsurface or organism
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
HeadacheHeadacheNausea Nausea DizzyDizzyTwitching Twitching
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
Oral - swallowingOral - swallowing not washing hands (eating and drinking)not washing hands (eating and drinking)direct mouth contactdirect mouth contact food and drink contaminationfood and drink contamination
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
Inhalation - breathingInhalation - breathing poor ventilationpoor ventilationbreathing fumes without breathing fumes without
respiratorrespiratormixing and applicationmixing and application
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
Ocular - eyeOcular - eyesplashing during mixingsplashing during mixingno eye protectionno eye protectionwindy conditionswindy conditions
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
Dermal - skinDermal - skinmost likely exposuremost likely exposure improper protectionimproper protectionsplashing during mixingsplashing during mixing
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EXPOSUREEXPOSURE
Dermal - skinDermal - skin
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Amount absorbed by skin Amount absorbed by skin determined bydetermined by
Pesticide and formulationPesticide and formulationEC and oil-based absorbed most readilyEC and oil-based absorbed most readilydry absorbed the leastdry absorbed the least
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Amount absorbed by skin Amount absorbed by skin determined bydetermined by
Area of exposureArea of exposuregenital area is the highestgenital area is the highestalso the scalp, ear canal also the scalp, ear canal
and foreheadand forehead
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Amount absorbed by skin Amount absorbed by skin determined bydetermined by
Condition of skinCondition of skincuts, abrasions, and rashes increase cuts, abrasions, and rashes increase
absorptionabsorptionsweaty skin is increasedsweaty skin is increased
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TOXICITYTOXICITY
the ability of a pesticide to cause harmful the ability of a pesticide to cause harmful effectseffects
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HARMFUL EFFECTSHARMFUL EFFECTS
Acute effectsAcute effects injuries that appear injuries that appear
immediately after exposure immediately after exposure <24 hours<24 hours
main way to assess main way to assess pesticides toxicitypesticides toxicity
effects may burn or be effects may burn or be absorbed into systemabsorbed into system
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HARMFUL EFFECTSHARMFUL EFFECTS
Delayed effectsDelayed effectsDo not appear immediately (>24 hours)Do not appear immediately (>24 hours)
Several yearsSeveral yearsRepeatedRepeatedSingle exposure - a large exposure that may Single exposure - a large exposure that may
take several days to affecttake several days to affect
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HARMFUL EFFECTSHARMFUL EFFECTS
Delayed effectsDelayed effectschronic effectschronic effects - several - several
yearsyears tumors, cancer, or tumors, cancer, or
mutagenic effectsmutagenic effectsdevelopmental and developmental and
reproductive effectsreproductive effectsbirth defects, infertility or birth defects, infertility or
impotenceimpotence
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HARMFUL EFFECTSHARMFUL EFFECTS
Delayed effectsDelayed effectssystemic effectssystemic effects
blood, nervous, lung, liver or blood, nervous, lung, liver or kidney disorderskidney disorders
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HARMFUL EFFECTSHARMFUL EFFECTS
Allergic effectsAllergic effectsharmful effects that some people develop harmful effects that some people develop
that others do notthat others do notSensitizationSensitization
first exposure, no reactionfirst exposure, no reactionsecond exposure, allergic responsesecond exposure, allergic response
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SIGNS OF HARMFUL EFFECTSSIGNS OF HARMFUL EFFECTS
SymptomsSymptoms - nausea or headache (feel) - nausea or headache (feel)SignsSigns - vomiting or fainting (see) - vomiting or fainting (see)
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SIGNS OF HARMFUL EFFECTSSIGNS OF HARMFUL EFFECTS
External irritantsExternal irritants - skin reactions, - skin reactions, swelling, redness, etc.swelling, redness, etc.
PoisoningPoisoning - chest pains, breathing, - chest pains, breathing, cramps, nausea, etc.cramps, nausea, etc.
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
SkinSkindrench skin with waterdrench skin with water remove clothing and equipmentremove clothing and equipmentwash with mild liquid detergentwash with mild liquid detergentdry and protect from overheating dry and protect from overheating
and chillingand chillingcover area, but do NOT apply cover area, but do NOT apply
ointmentointment
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
EyeEye flush eyes for 15 minutes or moreflush eyes for 15 minutes or more
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
InhalationInhalationget fresh airget fresh air loosen clothing loosen clothing
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
SwallowedSwallowed rinse mouth with water (very first step)rinse mouth with water (very first step)Then, follow labelThen, follow label
quart of milk or water quart of milk or water
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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
SwallowedSwallowed induce vomiting induce vomiting if instructedif instructedDO NOT vomit if:DO NOT vomit if:
unconscious or in convulsionsunconscious or in convulsionscorrosive poisoningcorrosive poisoningEC, death if inhaledEC, death if inhaled
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HEAT STRESSHEAT STRESS
often due to PPE limiting the ability to cooloften due to PPE limiting the ability to cool take seriously, 10% of cases are fataltake seriously, 10% of cases are fatalheat cramps result from loss of body salt heat cramps result from loss of body salt
through heavy sweatingthrough heavy sweating
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HEAT STRESSHEAT STRESS
Symptoms Symptoms fatiguefatiguedizzinessdizzinessconfusionconfusion
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HEAT STRESSHEAT STRESS
First aid First aid get to cool areaget to cool areacool skin with water and fanscool skin with water and fans
no ice bathno ice bath remove clothingremove clothingdrink lots of waterdrink lots of water
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HAZARD COMMUNICATION HAZARD COMMUNICATION STANDARD (HCS)STANDARD (HCS)
list all hazardous chemicals in workplacelist all hazardous chemicals in workplaceMSDS, material safety data sheetsMSDS, material safety data sheetsall containers labeledall containers labeledprovide adequate trainingprovide adequate training
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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA)HEALTH ACT (OSHA)
OSHA investigates operations and OSHA investigates operations and complaintscomplaints
administered by U.S. Department of Laboradministered by U.S. Department of Labor requires employers must keep records of requires employers must keep records of
all work-related injuriesall work-related injuries