harmonization of human relations with nature could be achieved through the creation of the complex...
TRANSCRIPT
«Zero-House»Concept
Harmonization of Humans’ Relations with Nature
Harmonization of human relations with nature could be achieved through the creation of the complex of engineering systems and architectural solutions which will be able to provide acceptable conditions for people’s habitation in the context of competent use of natural resources without harming the environment.
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Energy-saving Buildings and Structures
• An energy effective building is a building characterized by low power consumption and power autonomy.
Such structures can function completely independently and generate their own heat and electricity for theirs own needs.
Solar collectors and batteries, wind turbines and bioreactors are integrated into houses, halls, high-rise buildings and even stadiums; special systems of ventilation and rainwater collection are used, certain elements of solar architecture and a range of other solutions are applied.
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Energy-saving Building Concept
Main solutions:
• A building is designed in such a way as to minimize the expenditures on power supply, heating and cooling.
• Elements of solar architecture (maximal glazing on the south side and minimal one on the north side) are used in the structural design of a house.
• A shield roof creates the shade in hot sunny weather on the one hand and generates electricity via solar batteries on top of it on the other hand.
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Energy-saving Building Concept
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An energy-independent eco-house
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1. Solar collector (thermal) and solar panel2. Soil seasonal heat accumulator3. Hollow-centered bearing framing with venting channels4. Sandwich panels of 80-100 mm5. System of forced ventilation6. Heat exchanger (recuperator)7. Channel in soil
8. Armored glass (heating)9. Polymeric corrugated pipe (for air exchange)10. Insulated hot-water storage tank11. Air and drainage channels12. Air exchange gates (electronically regulated)13. Local system of wastewater bio-treatment and utilization for soil enrichment
An energy-independent eco-house
Energy-saving Building Concept
Thermal spectrogram of a conventional house
Thermal spectrogram of an energy-saving house
The diagram shows that such house is heating the street!
The energy-saving house has goodheat-conserving characteristics!
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Energy-saving Building Concept
Additional air heating is provided by a chosen heating system - heat pump, solar collector, vortex thermogenerator or other heating devices.
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Heating:
Energy-saving Building Concept
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Speed controller
Pump
Heat exchanger
Fresh cold air from
the outside
Anti-icing valve
“Waste” warm air from the
inside
Ventilation:
The recovery system is one of the key energy-saving elements of the “zero” house and its implementation allows to improve significantly sanitary and humidity-related indicators of the air quality.
Power- supply cord
Heated fresh air
“Waste” cold air
Energy-saving Building Concept
High-quality drinking water production is associated with the use of next generation membrane filtering installations. Membrane cost reduction and its production from locally available materials (polymers or cellulose acetates) make reasonable to use membrane installations on small objects.
This greatly simplifies the usage of buildings as compared to coagulation, ozonization and sorption technologies.
The installation of the system of water cleaning from boron is specified
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Water supply:
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A solar collector is a unit that uses solar radiation energy for heating and hot water supply. Under the negative temperature conditions, a vacuum collector with the highest efficiency is most appropriate.
Energy-saving Building Concept
Heat supply:
Energy-saving Building Concept
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Heat supply:
A heat pump is a unit that converts low-grade heat of soil, basins or air into the heat for heating and hot water supply systems.
Energy-saving Building Concept
Biological treatment is the most appropriate way of waste water purification. Biological treatment solves the most of the problems. In addition the waste water undergoes a full cleaning cycle up to nitrogen removal and the activated sludge stabilizes under aerobic conditions that allows to use it as a good fertilizer (an excellent solution to the problem of waste disposal).
Achieving 98% degree of purification gives the opportunity to meet all standards for purified waste water at the minimum power consumption under 100 Wh.
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Bio-treatment of waste water:
Waste-water Treatment Facilities in the Sleep Mode
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11. Entry pipe12. Distributor Ph 113. Distributor Ph 214. Turbo-distributor 15. Distributive valve16. Compressor17. Control unit18. Power point19. Heat-insulated cover20. Electric cable
1. Exit pipe2. Large disposals filter3. Sludge return filter4. Receiving tank aerator5. Main air-lift6. Stabilized sludge pump7. Recycle pump8. Aerotank aerator9. Biofilm remover10. Secondary tank aerator
Phase 2
Phase 1
Sleep mode
А. Receiving tankБ. Sludge stabilizerВ. AerotankГ. Secondary tank
Local waste-water treatment facilities
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Waste-water Treatment Facilities in Phase 1
Local waste-water treatment facilities
А. Receiving tankБ. Sludge stabilizerВ. AerotankГ. Secondary tank
Sleep mode
Phase 1
Phase 2
1. Exit pipe2. Large disposals filter3. Sludge return filter4. Receiving tank aerator5. Main air-lift6. Stabilized sludge pump7. Recycle pump8. Aerotank aerator9. Biofilm remover10. Secondary tank aerator
11. Entry pipe12. Distributor Ph 113. Distributor Ph 214. Turbo-distributor 15. Distributive valve16. Compressor17. Control unit18. Power point19. Heat-insulated cover20. Electric cable
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Waste-water Treatment Facilities in Phase 2
Local waste-water treatment facilities
А. Receiving tankБ. Sludge stabilizerВ. AerotankГ. Secondary tank
11. Entry pipe12. Distributor Ph 113. Distributor Ph 214. Turbo-distributor 15. Distributive valve16. Compressor17. Control unit18. Power point19. Heat-insulated cover20. Electric cable
1. Exit pipe2. Large disposals filter3. Sludge return filter4. Receiving tank aerator5. Main air-lift6. Stabilized sludge pump7. Recycle pump8. Aerotank aerator9. Biofilm remover10. Secondary tank aerator
Sleep mode
Phase 1
Phase 2
Energy-saving Building Concept
Individual low-power wind turbines can provide an autonomous consumer with necessary quantity of electric power.
The solar modules: solar photo-voltaic systems (solar PV systems) are the installations designed for conversion of incoming solar radiation into electricity.
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Solar panel
Wind turbine Accumulator
Controller
Inverter
Consumer
Power supply:
Energy-saving Building Concept
«Smart home» is the electronic system of control of the power grid of the house. The system provides the economical use of energy according to pre-set parameters. It also allows to minimize power consumption by switching into the sleep mode when necessary. It maintains the internal environment at the selected level when nobody is at home.
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Electronic control system:
Energy-saving Building Concept
A decrease of electric power consumption at the house can only be achieved by using the modern energy-saving systems based on LED (light-emitting diode) lighting technologies.
5w 3w 6w12w 9w
12w18-56w
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Energy-saving lighting:
Conclusion
“The ultimate goal of our strategic plan “To create a sustainable future on the basis of reorganizing our past” is the creation of buildings with zero energy consumption (Net Zero Energy Building) and thereby reducing our environmental pollution impact.
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Gordan V. R. Holness, President of ASHRAE
Written in 2001, these words find implementation in the present-day ambitious plans and projects.