HarvestPlus c/o CIATA.A. 6713 • Cali, ColombiaTel: +57(2)4450000 • Fax: +57(2)4450073HarvestPlus@cgiar.org • www.HarvestPlus.org

HarvestPlus Impact and Policy Research in LAC and Brazil2013-2018

HarvestPlus: Ekin Birol, Manfred Zeller, Monica Jain, Dorene Asare-Marfo and Keith LividiniCIAT: Carolina Gonzalez and Salomon PerezEmbrapa: Flavio Avila, Alcido Wander and Maria Geovania Lima ManosIFPRI: Dan Gilligan and Alan de Brauw

H+ Impact and Policy Portfolio

IMPACTMAXIMISE MEASURE

• Adoption• Consumption • Nutrition

• Varietal adoption • Consumer acceptance• Value chain/seed

systems• Farmer field day

evaluation

• Ex ante impact assessment

• Effectiveness • Farmer feedback • Impact

assessment

POLICY

• Linking quality and health

• Portfolio analysis

Overall portfolio in LAC/Brazil

• Where to invest?1. Prioritisation exercise 2. Micronutrient portfolio 3. Opportunities map

• Informing delivery and breeding1. Varietal adoption studies2. Consumer acceptance studies3. Farmer field day evaluation

• Measuring impact 1. Farmer feedback studies2. Impact assessment3. Impact evaluation/effectiveness

• Policy studies

1. Where to invest?

1) Systematic research on prioritization of countries for investment• Collect and analyze country level data on

– DALYs lost to VAD and IDA– Percentage agricultural land area allocated to [crop]– Consumption per capita (kg) – food supply of [crop]– Ratio of import to production for [crop]– Production (per capita) of [crop]– Percentage allocated to feed (livestock) for [crop]– Fortification and supplementation programs existing in the country

• Responsible: Manfred -Salomon • Support:, Dorene, Ekin, Flavio, Carolina• Year: 2012-2013

2. Informing delivery and breeding

1) Varietal adoption studies to investigate (a)• Total land area dedicated to the crop in that geographical

location• Land area dedicated (average across household in the

geographical location)• Output and its allocation across uses (consumed, sold, saved

as seed, used as feed, postharvest loss)• Source of planting material (seed or grain recycled as seed)

and original source, frequency of replacement (same variety or different variety)

• Traits – consumption, production and marketing/processing traits farmers look for

Informing delivery and breeding

1) Varietal adoption studies to investigate (continued) (b)• Processing, food product and storage practices• Output sold, where, at what price and to whom • Input availability, use and costs • Agro-ecological, market and household level factors affecting

farmers’ choice of varieties• Household age and gender composition • Education level of the household• Household dynamics on decision making and labor input for the

crop– gender aspect• Income and assets• Access to input subsidies and credit

• Membership in formal and informal farmers’ groups, other social groups, churches

• Sources of information about 1) health/nutrition 2) agricultural technologies

Informing delivery and breeding

1) Varietal adoption studies to investigate (continued) (c)• Dietary diversity (including fortified food) and how

frequently/how much they eat food made with crop• Current knowledge about micronutrients• Crop cultivation patterns and seasonality: harvesting,

consumption, processing, buying, selling etc.• Supplementation at the household level• General country/region fortification and supplementation

programes.

Informing delivery and breeding

• How to get all this information?1. Desk review to identify gaps

– Secondary data sources– Literature review– Other projects

2. Data collection in some of the countriesCountry Crop Year Responsible/

AccountableSupport/Consulted

Guatemala Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredPanama Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredNicaragua Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Beans 2013 Alcido/Flavio Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBolivia Rice 2014 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredPanama Rice 2014 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Cassava 2014 Aurea/Alcido Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Sweet Potato 2014 Geovania/Alcido Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredOthers? Peru? Mexico

Others?: Maize, SP

2015+

Informing delivery and breeding

2) Consumer acceptance studies • Using organoleptic tests/sensory evaluation (Expert panel

and Consumers• Eliciting WTP (discount/premium) with revealed

preference elicitation methods• Treatments for labeling/information

Country Crop Year Responsible/Accountable

Support/Consulted

Guatemala Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredPanama Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredNicaragua Beans 2013 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Beans 2013 Alcido/Flavio Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBolivia Rice 2014 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredPanama Rice 2014 Carolina/Salomon Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Cassava 2014 Aurea/Alcido Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredBrazil Sweet Potato 2014 Geovania/Alcido Adewale and Ekin/ ManfredOthers? Peru? Mexico

Others?: Maize, SP

2015+

Informing delivery and breeding

3) Farmer field day evaluation studies• Farmer interviews during farmer field days • Interview farmers with a structured survey instrument

to understand – their evaluation of various production and consumption

traits of biofortified varieties vs conventional varieties– Their intention to adopt given different price levels for

planting material• For identification of farmers field days where we can

conduct these studies– Carolina/Salomon will check with CIAT breeders– Alcido/Flavio will check with Embrapa breeders

• These studies cost around $10,000 each

3. Measuring impact

1) Farmer feedback studies• Interview a random sample of households who

received/bought biofortified planting material to understand adoption, area cultivated, consumption and farmers feedback on the varieties and delivery method usedCountry Crop Year Budget Responsible/Accountable Support/Consulted

Nicaragua Beans 2013 10,000 Carolina/Salomon Dorene and Ekin/ Manfred

Bolivia Rice ??? ??? Salomon to investigate

Colombia Beans ??? ??? Carolina to investigate

Brazil 5 crops 2012-5 Funded Alcido/Flavio Dorene and Ekin/ Manfred

Brazil ?? ?? ? Brazil sem Miseria project – Flavio to check with Marilia and Marcos

Measuring Impact

2) Impact assessment studies• Random sample of households in areas where a high

density of delivery have occurred – Study participation (having received the variety) and diffusion

and program effectiveness/delivery strategy – Study adopters’ feedback on production and consumption

characteristics for all varieties

Country Crop Year Budget Responsible/Accountable Support/Consulted

Panama Rice 2013 30,000 Carolina/Salomon Dorene and Ekin/ Manfred

Guatemala Beans 2014 30,000 Carolina/Salomon Dorene and Ekin/ Manfred

Measuring Impact

3) Impact evaluation/nutrition & delivery effectiveness • Randomised control trials around the delivery of

varieties with full target levels of micronutrients – Given the crop/country level micronutrient targets are

not yet specified, we will wait to hear from nutritionists about these

– Alcido to keep an eye on high zinc rice varieties which will be released in Brazil (and delivered in MA) in 2015, though currently target level is unknown

4. Policy studies

• Policy studies investigating the – Relationship between diet quality and nutritional

status of children – Relationship between household diet quality and child

diet quality– Relationship between income and different child diet

quality measures– Linkages between individual micronutrients (Vitamin A,

Iron and Zinc) and diet quality – Diet diversity gap index (similar to poverty gap index)

• Year: 2013-2014

Planned studies 2012-2018Study Country Crop YearTargeting studies: In which country/crop to investPrioritization exercise All LAC All major crops 2012-13Micronutrient portfolio 3-5 All major crops 2013-18Opportunities map 3-5 All major crops 2013-18Diagnostic studies: Informing crop development, delivery and marketing Varietal adoption/value chain

Panama, Brazil Rice, beans 2013Nicaragua Rice, beans 2014Brazil cassava 2014

Consumer acceptance Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama, Brazil

Beans 2013

Bolivia, Panama Rice 2014Brazil Cassava, sweet

potato2014

Farmer field day evaluations

TBD TBD 2013-18

Planned studies 2012-2018 cont’dStudy Country Crop Year

Impact assessment studies: Measuring impact

Farmer feedback Nicaragua Beans 2013

Brazil Beans, cowpea, cassava, sweet potatoes and maize

2012-2015

Bolivia Rice ?

Colombia Beans ?

Others As delivery occurs

Impact assessment Panama Rice 2013

Guatemala Beans 2014

Others As delivery occurs

Impact evaluation/effectiveness

Panama /Guatemala Beans ??

Brazil Rice ??

Policy studies: Linking income, diet quality and nutrition outcomes

Desk studies Based on data availability