has no specific function differentiates into different types of cells turns into mature cells from...
TRANSCRIPT
Has no specific function
Differentiates into different types of cells› Turns into mature cells from all organs in the body
2 types of stem cells› Non-embryonic (adult stem cells)
From born human Found in blood, bone marrow, baby teeth, umbilical cord blood, placenta, brain,
liver, fat
› Embryonic From early stages of embryo (4-5 days)
Known as blastocyst
Classes of stem cells› Totipotent
Differentiate into any typeof human cell
Can form placenta cells› Pluripotent
Differentiate into any cell inthe body, after birth
Cannot form placenta cells Embryonic stem cells
› Multipotent Differentiate into small number of cells Adult stem cells
http://www.kumc.edu/stemcell/images/background.jpg
From embryos› Inner cell mass (ICM) is taken from a blastocyst
Single Cell Embryo Biopsy› Single cell taken from ICM of
blastocyst
Nuclear Transfer› Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer(SCNT)/ Altered Nuclear Transfer (ANT)› DNA of somatic cell transferred to
egg
Parthenotes› Unfertilized eggs stimulated
http://dels.nas.edu/bls/stemcells/images/Nuclear-Transfer-Download.JPG
Life begins at conception
Immoral to create an embryo to be destroyed
No guarantee that it will lead to cures› May be rejected by body› Generate tumours
Create a demand for eggs› Exploit women
Adult stem cells can be used instead
Certain amount of time before embryo can be considered human
Embryonic stem cells created in lab can not grow into a body
Adult stem cells are not as easy to use› Not as versatile› Small quantities and difficult to isolate
Legality varies from country to country
Canada› Legal to create new lines from leftover
embryos› Nuclear transfer is illegal› Research leading to human cloning or
human-animal hybrids illegal
http://www.mbbnet.umn.edu/scmap/monitor.jpeg
Make "tailor made” organs for patient
Can create disease specific cells for cell therapy
Understand normal cellular development
Can treat many conditions› Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, ALS,
Multiple Sclerosis, Spinal cord injuries, blindness, diabetes and many others
Alternate Methods for pluripotent stem cells. (2008, August 12). Retrieved December 10, 2008, from National Institutes of Health Web site: http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/scireport/2006Chapter8.htm
Altman, L. J. (2006). Bioethics: Who Lives, Who Dies, and Who Decides. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow
Publishers, Inc.
A World of Approaches to Stem Cells. (2005, July). Scientific American, Retrieved December 10, 2008, from Science Reference Center database.
Barber, N. (Ed.). (2002). Encyclopedia of Ethics in Science and Technology. New York: Facts on File Inc.
Black, L. (2006). The Stem Cell Debate. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow Publishers, Inc. Canada Moves Stem Cell Law. (2004, March 19). Retrieved December 9, 2008, from
http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/summary/303/5665/1745d
Des Cheres, E. (Ed.). (2007) Stem Cells. New York: Thomson Gale.
FAQs [Stem Cell Information]. (2008, September 12). Retrieved December 14, 2008, from National Institutes of Health Web site http://stemcells.nih.gov/info/faqs.asp