hazard class section examples

7/30/2019 Hazard Class Section Examples

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11/28/12 4:OT Hazard Class Definitions,Division of Research Safety,U of I

Page 1ttp://www.drs.illinois.edu/transportationandshipping/definitions.html

Class 1 Explosives (49 CFR 173.50)

An explosive is any substance or article, including a device, which is designed to function bexplosion, i.e. an extremely rapid release of gas and heat, or which, by chemical reactionwithin itself, is able to function in a similar manner even if not designed to function by

explosion, unless it is otherwise classified under the provision of the regulations.

Explosives in Class 1 are further divided into six divisions:

Division 1.1 Explosives that have a mass explosion hazard, i.e. a mass explosion affectsthe entire load instantaneously.

Division 1.2 Explosives that have a projection hazard but not a mass explosion hazard.

Division 1.3 Explosives that have a fire hazard and either a minor blast hazard or minorprojection hazard or both, but not a mass explosion hazard.

Division 1.4 Explosives that present minor explosion hazard. The explosive effects arelargely confined to the package and no projection or fragments of appreciable size or rangeare expected. An external fire must not cause virtually instantaneous explosion of almostthe entire contents of the package.

Division 1.5 Very insensitive explosives that have a mass explosion hazard but are soinsensitive that there is little probability of initiation or of transition from burning todetonation under normal conditions of transport.

Division 1.6 Extremely insensitive articles that do not have a mass explosive hazard and

that contain only extremely insensitive detonating substances and demonstrate a negligibleprobability of accidental initiation or propagation.

The following list contains some examples of explosives, but is not all inclusive:

Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtureAmmonium perchlorateAmmunitionFireworksBlack powder/gun powderBlasting caps

Photo flash bombsPrimer cordFlaresFusesGrenadesHexoliteLead Azide (wetted)Mines


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Model rocket motorsNitrocelluloseNitroglycerin, desensitizedPicriteOctonalPrimersRDX

Signal devicesToy capsTracers (for ammunition)Trinitrotoluene (TNT or dynamite)

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is an explosive, notify DRand ask to have a determination made.

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Class 2 Compressed Gases (49 CFR173.115)

Division 2.1 - Flammable Gas A material that is a gas at 20 C or below and 101.3 kPa pressure (ambient temperature and pressure), i.e. the material has a boiling point of 20 Cat sea level and:

Is ignitable when in a mixture of 13 percent or less by volume with air.Or has a flammability range with air of at least 12% regardless of the lower limit.

Division 2.2 - Non-Flammable/Non-Poisonous Compressed Gas A material or mixture thexerts in the packaging an absolute pressure of 280 kPa (40.6 psi) or greater at 20 C anddoes not meet the definition of Division 2.1 or 2.3. This includes compressed gas, liquefiedgas, pressurized cryogenic gas, comporessed gas in solution, asphyxiant gas and oxidizinggas.

Division 2.3 Gas Poisonous by Inhalation A material that is a gas at 20 C or below an101.3 kPa of pressure (ambient temperature and pressure), i.e. the material has a boilingpoint of 20 C at sea level and:

Is known to be so toxic to humans as to pose a hazard during transportation

Or in the absence of adequate data on human toxicity, is presumed to be toxic tohumans because when tested on laboratory animals it has an LC50 value of 5,000ml/m3

LC50 is the concentration that will cause death to 50% of a sample population of laboratoranimals under specified conditions.

The following list contains some examples of compressed gases, but is not all inclusive:
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Liquids with a flash point > 35 C (95 F) that do not sustain combustion according toASTM 4206Liquids with a flash point > 35 C and a fire point > 100 C according to ISO 2592Liquids with a flash point > 35 C that are in a water miscible solution with a watercontent > 90% by mass.

When offered for ground transport, a flammable liquid with a flash point 38 C (100 F)

that does not meet the definition of any other hazard class may be reclassified as acombustible liquid. This means that non-bulk packages will be exempt from regulation wheoffered by ground.

The following list contains some examples of flammable/combustible liquids, but is not allinclusive:

AcetoneAcrylonitrileAlcoholsAldehydes

Amyl nitrate and nitriteBenzeneCarbon disulfideSome cleaning compoundsDiesel fuelEstersMethyl ethyl ketone (MEK)Some flavoringsSome aminesSome silinesDimethyl formamide (DMF)

Fuel oilGasolineHexanesLiquid hydrocarbonsKeroseneKetonesOctanesPerfumesPetroleum oilSome resin solutionsRubber solutionShale oilTars

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is flammable/combustiblenotify DRS and ask to have a determination made.



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Class 4 Flammable Solids (49 CFR173.124)

Division 4.1 Flammable Solids are:

Wetted explosives that are Class 1 explosives when dry, that are sufficiently wetted tsuppress explosive properties.Self-reactive materials that are thermally unstable and can undergo strong exothermdecomposition even in the absence of oxygen. Readily combustible solids that cancause fire through friction, such as matches. Powdered, granular or pasty materialsmust be classified as Division 4.1 when the time of burning of one or more of the testruns, per the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, is less than 45 seconds or the rate ofburn is more than 2.2 mm/sec. Powders of metals or metal alloys are classified asDivision 4.1 when they can be ignited and the reaction spreads over the whole lengthof the sample in 10 minutes.

Division 4.2 Spontaneously Combustible materials includes the following:

Pyrophoric materials liquids or solids that can, without an external ignition source,ignite within 5 minutes after coming into contact with air.Self-heating materials substances that, when in contact with air and without anenergy supply, are liable to self-heat. A material of this type that exhibits spontaneoignition, or if the temperature exceeds 200 C (393 F) during the 24 hour test periodis classified as a Division 4.2

Division 4.3 Dangerous When Wet materials are materials that, when in contact withwater, are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable or toxic gas

at a rate of > 1L/kg of material/hr.

The following list contains some examples of Class 4 materials, but is not all inclusive:

Flammable Solids Spontaneously Combustible Dangerous When Wet

Matches Activated carbon Alkaline earth metal alloys

Nitrocellulose membrane filters Lithium alkyds Aluminum powder

Pentaborane Barium

Silicon powder Phosphorus Calcium Hydride

Wetted explosives Potassium sulfide, anhydrous Calcium

Sulfur Oily rags Calcium carbide

Titanium Powder, wetted Seed cake Magnesium

Zinc resinate Sodium sulfide, anhydrous Lithium

Naphthalene Butyl lythium Sodium

Sodium Borohydride


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If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is a class 4 material, notiDRS and ask to have a determination made.


Class 5 Oxidizers and Organic

Peroxides (49 CFR 173.127 and 173.128)Division 5.1 Oxidizers are materials that can, generally by yielding oxygen, cause orenhance the combustion of other materials.

Division 5.2 Organic Peroxides are any organic compounds containing oxygen in abivalent O-O- structure and which may be considered derivatives of hydrogen peroxide,where one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals. Refer to173.128 for exceptions.

The following list contains some examples of oxidizers and organic peroxides, but is not ainclusive:

Many fertilizersChloratesChloritesNitratesPerchloratesPerchloritesPersulfatesPermanganates

PeroxidesChemical oxygen generatorsSodium superoxidePool chemicals (sodium hypochlorite)

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is an oxidizer or organicperoxide, notify DRS and ask to have a determination made.


Class 6, Division 6.1 Poisonous/ToxicMaterials (49 CFR 173.132)

Poisonous or Toxic Materials are materials, other than a gas, known to be so toxic tohumans as to pose a health hazard during transportation, or which, in the absence ofadequate human toxicity data:
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Is presumed to be toxic to humans because it is within one of the following whentested on lab animals:

Oral toxicity: a material with an LD50 of300 mg/kg.Dermal toxicity: a material with an LD50 of1000 mg/kgInhalation toxicity: a dust or mist with an LC50 for acute toxicity on inhalation o4.0 mg/L; or a material with a saturated vapor conc. in air at 20C of more tha1/5 of the LC50 for acute toxicity on inhalation of vapors and with an LC50 for

acute toxicity on inhalation of vapors of < 5000 mL/m3Is a material with properties similar to tear gas that causes extreme irritation,especially in confined spaces.

Toxins that are extracted from a living source like plant, animal, or bacteria are calledbiotoxins and could be considered toxic if the LD50 meets the criteria stated above.

Some examples of a Division 6.1 poisonous/toxic material are listed below, but this list isnot all inclusive:

Poisonous/Toxic Material

Some pesticidesBarium compoundsPhenolAcrylamideChloroformCresolsAnilineCyanidesMercury compounds

ArsenicNicotineXylenolsTear GasVanadium compoundsSodium Azide

Biotoxins

Aflatoxins

EnterotoxinsSaxitoxinsBungarotoxinsMycotoxinsShigatoxinDiacetoxyscirpenol (DAS)PhalloidinTetrodotoxin


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EndotoxinsRicinT-2 toxin

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is poisonous, toxic, or abiotoxin, notify DRS and ask to have a determination made.


Class 6, Division 6.2 InfectiousSubstances (49 CFR 173.134)

The following categories of materials constitute Division 6.2:

Infectious Substances (Division 6.2): A material known or reasonably expected to contaa pathogen. A pathogen is a micro-organism (including bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae,

parasites, fungi) or other agent, such as a proteinaceous infectious particle (prion) that cancause disease in humans or animals.

1. Category A: An infectious substance in a form capable of causing permanent disabilitor life-threatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans or animals whenexposure to it occurs. An exposure occurs when an infectious substance is releasedoutside of its protective packaging, resulting in physical contact with human oranimals. Classification must be based on the known medical history or symptoms ofthe source patient or animal, endemic local conditions, or professional judgmentconcerning the individual circumstances of the source human or animal. Category Aposes a higher degree of risk than Category B.

2. Category B: An infectious substance not in a form generally capable of causingpermanent disability or life-threatening or fatal disease in otherwise healthy humans animals when exposure to it occurs. This includes Category B infectious substancestransported for diagnostic or investigational purposes.

Culture: An infectious substance containing a pathogen that is intentionally propagated.Culture does not include a human or animal patient specimen. Cultures may be categorizedas category A or B depending on the microorganism concerned.

Regulated Medical Waste: Waste derived from the medical treatment of humans, oranimals, or from biological research. Typically, regulated medical waste is classified as

category B.

Patient Specimens: Human or animal materials collected directly from humans or animaland transported for research, diagnosis, investigational activities, or disease treatment orprevention. Patient specimens include excreta, secreta, blood and its components, tissueand tissue swabs, body parts, and specimens in transport media (e.g. transwabs, culturemedia, and blood culture bottles). Patient specimens that have a minimal likelihood ofcontaining pathogens via professional judgment are exempt from the hazardous materials


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regulation but do have packaging requirements.

Biological Products: Derivations of living organisms and manufactured for use in theprevention, diagnosis, treatment, or cure of diseases in humans or animals and are certifieby the USDA, FDA, or other national authority. Examples of biological products includecertain viruses, therapeutic serums, toxins, antitoxins, vaccines, blood, and blood products

If you wish to ship biological materials, please consult the Division of Research SafetyBiological Safety Section via e-mail or call 333-2755. Additional training may berequired. See Transport of Biological Materials for more information.


Class 7 Radioactive Materials

For DOT requirements, radioactive material means any material having a specific activitygreater than 0.002 microcuries per gram (Ci/g). The specific activity of a radionuclide

means the activity of the radionuclide per unit mass of that nuclide. The specific activity ofmaterial in which the radionuclide is essentially uniformly distributed is the activity per unitmass of the material.

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is a radioactive material,notify the DRS Radiation Safety Group and ask to have a determination made.


Class 8 Corrosive Materials (49 CFR173.136)

Corrosive materials are liquids or solids that cause full thickness destruction of human skinat the site of contact within a specified period of time; or a liquid that has a severe corrosiorate on steel or aluminum based on criteria in 173.137(c)(2). A liquid is considered tohave a severe corrosion rate if it corrodes steel (SAE 1020) or aluminum (non-clad 7075-Tfaster than 6.25 mm (0.246 in.) a year at a temperature of 55 C (131 F).

Corrosive materials may be acid or alkaline, organic or inorganic. The following list containsome examples of corrosives, but is not all inclusive:

Acetic acidSulfuric acidNitric acidHydrochloric acidPerchloric acid (< 50%)Hydrofluoric acidFerric chloride
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FormaldehydeGalliumHypochlorite solutionsChromic acidMaleic anhydrideMercurySoda lime

Sodium hydroxide (lye)Ammonium hydroxideEthanolaminePotassium hydroxideMercury

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is corrosive, notify DRSand ask to have a determination made.


Class 9 Miscellaneous HazardousMaterials (49 CFR 173.140)

Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials are materials that present a hazard during transportatiobut dont meet the definitions of hazard classes 1 8. This includes:

Material that has an anesthetic, noxious, or similar property that could cause extremeannoyance or discomfort to a flight crewmember so as to prevent the correctperformance of assigned duties.Any material that meets the definition in 171.8 of an elevated temperature material,a hazardous substance, a hazardous waste, or a marine pollutant.

Some examples of Class 9 materials are, but not limited to:

Air bag inflatorsAsbestosDry IceEnvironmentally Hazardous Substances (RQs)RCRA hazardous wastes that dont meet the definition of Class 1 8PCBsPolymeric beadsWheel chairs/electric vehicles

Elevated temperature material means a material which, when offered for transportation ortransported in a bulk packaging, is one of the following:

In a liquid phase and at a temp. 100 CIn a liquid phase with a flash point 37.8 C (100 F) that is intentionally heated and


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offered for transportation or transported at or above its flash point.In a solid phase and at a temperature 240 C (464 F)

Hazardous Substances are materials found in Appendix A to the HMT, identified in CERCLAas environmentally hazardous substances. A hazardous substance is a material that ispackaged in a quantity the reportable quantity (RQ) listed for it in the Appendix.

Marine Pollutants are listed in Appendix B to the HMT. Some of these are also listed in theHMT. There are two main types of marine pollutants:

Marine Pollutant, 10% in concentrationSevere marine pollutant, 1% in concentration

Severe marine pollutants are noted with PP in the SMP column of the marine pollutant lis

EPA defines hazardous waste as a solid waste that displays a hazardous characteristic(ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity) or a waste that is on one of the hazardouswaste lists.

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is Class 9 miscellaneoushazardous material, notify DRS and ask to have a determination made.


The offering for transportation ortransportation of the following isforbidden

by DOT:Materials that are designated forbidden in column 3 of the Hazmat Table.Forbidden explosives as defined in 49 CFR 173.54Certain electrical devices likely to create spark or generate a dangerous quantity ofheat.Packages with magnetized fields of more than 0.00525 gauss at 15 ft from any surfacof the package, when offered for carriage by aircraftPackaging with incompatible materials, the mixing of which is likely to cause adangerous evolution of heat, flammable or toxic gases, or vapors, or to producecorrosive materials.

Packages containing materials likely to decompose or polymerize with the evolution oa dangerous quantity of heat or gas, unless the material is stabilized or inhibited in amanner to preclude such evolution.Packages that emit a flammable gas or vapor, released from a material not otherwiseregulated, likely to create a flammable mixture with air in the transport vehicle.Packages containing materials other than Class 1 explosives that will detonate in a firPackages containing cigarette lighters or similar devices, equipped with an ignitionelement and containing fuel, except as approved under 49 CFR 173.308
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Organic peroxides of the ketone peroxide category that contain 9% availableoxygen including the following:

Acetyl acetone peroxideCyclohexanone peroxide(s)Diacetone alcohol peroxide(s)Methylcyclohexanone peroxide(s)Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide(s)

Methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide(s)

Examples of some forbidden materials include, but are not limited to:

Acetylene (liquefied)Ammonium azideBromosilaneChlorine azideChlorine dioxide (not hydrate)Chloroprene, uninhibitedDinitromethane

Ethyl perchlorateFulminating gold, mercury, platinum and/or silverFulminic acidHydrazine azideHydrazine chlorateHydrocyanic acid (prussic), unstabilizedIodoxy compounds (dry)Lead picrate (dry)Mercurous azideMercury iodide aquabasic ammonobasic (Iodide of Millon's base)Mercury nitride

Methyl nitrateNickel picrateNitrates of diazonium compoundsNitroglycerin, liquid, not desensitizedNitrosugars (dry)Organic peroxide type A, liquid or solidPerchloric acid, with > 72% acid by massPotassium carbonylSilver azide (dry)Tetrazine (dry)

If there is a question as to whether the material you wish to ship is a forbidden fromtransportation, notify DRS and ask to have a determination made.


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