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Hazmat Industry Technician Slide 2 Types of Equipment Monitoring equipment Detection devices Air sampling systems Slide 3 Purpose of Equipment Detect presence of substance Identify the substance Measure the concentration Slide 4 Monitoring Equipment Continuously measure concentration Continuously measure concentration Detect fluctuations Detect fluctuations Slide 5 Examples Flame ionization detectors Combustible gas indicators Photoionization detectors Specialized devices Slide 6 Detection Devices One-time measuring devices Provide only positive or negative indication Slide 7 Examples Test strips/indicator paper Carbon monoxide detector Slide 8 Equipment in Both Categories pH paper Colorimetric tubes Slide 9 Air Sampling Systems May be required for your worksite May be required for your worksite Measure long-term exposures Measure long-term exposures Slide 10 Types of Air Sampling Systems Direct reading Collection systems Slide 11 Caveat One size doesnt fit all Each type has limitations Slide 12 Types of Monitoring Instruments Photo Ionization Detectors (PID) Photo Ionization Detectors (PID) Flame Ionization Detectors (FID) Flame Ionization Detectors (FID) Slide 13 Types of Monitoring Instruments Combustible Gas Indicators (CGI) Combustible Gas Indicators (CGI) Slide 14 Types of Monitoring Instruments Substance specific Oxygen Carbon monoxide Hydrogen sulfide Slide 15 Types of Monitoring Instruments Color change pH paper KI paper Lead acetate paper Colorimetric tubes Slide 16 Capabilities and Limitations Slide 17 Photo Ionization DetectorsPhoto Ionization Detectors Capabilities Detect wide variety of vapors Detects vapors at low concentrations Easy to use Slide 18 Photo Ionization DetectorsPhoto Ionization Detectors Limitations Detection ability depends on lamp May need to be calibrated Corrosives kill it Slide 19 Flame Ionization Detectors Capabilities Can detect more substances than a PID Can detect substances a PID cant Slide 20 Flame Ionization Detectors Limitations Heavier & bulkier than PID Can run out of hydrogen gas Wont work well at low temperatures Slide 21 Combustible Gas Indicators Capabilities Warns of flammable gases/vapors Accurate for most common gases Small, light & easy to use Slide 22 Combustible Gas Indicators Limitations May not be accurate for a gas its not calibrated to Common substances can damage sensor Not accurate in oxygen-deficient atmosphere Slide 23 Oxygen Sensors Capabilities Quickly & accurately measure O 2 level Slide 24 Oxygen Sensors Limitations Lacks sensitivity of other sensors May be inaccurate in presence of oxidizing gases Slide 25 Color Change Capabilities Provide quick indication of substance Limitation Detection range may be limited May not be specific to one substance Slide 26 Monitoring & Detection Procedures #1 identify IDLH conditions #1 identify IDLH conditions Slide 27 IDLH Conditions Lack of sufficient oxygen Lack of sufficient oxygen Oxygen-enriched atmosphere Oxygen-enriched atmosphere Flammable gases/vapors Flammable gases/vapors Highly toxic contaminants Highly toxic contaminants Slide 28 Indications of IDLH Conditions Activated alarm system Visible vapor cloud Large amount of product leaking Dead stuff Insects, plants, etc. Slide 29 Monitoring & Detection Procedures #2 ID locations of IDLH conditions Examples in your worksite? Slide 30 Monitoring & Detection Procedures #3 measure level of contaminants #3 measure level of contaminants Slide 31 General Procedures Read the manual! Monitor for radioactivity Determine level of oxygen Slide 32 Why Oxygen Level is Important Low O 2 something displaced it High O 2 not naturally occurring High O 2 increased risk of fire/explosion Low O 2 CGI may not work Slide 33 More General Procedures Use pH paper Approach from upwind (if possible) Monitor high and low Zero reading? Doesnt mean nothing is there1 Slide 34 Maintenance and Testing #1 store and use properly #1 store and use properly Read the manual! Read the manual! Slide 35 Calibration Ensures instrument is accurate Follow manufacturers recommendations Written record? Does your workplace require it? Slide 36 Bump Test Verifies calibration Expose instrument to known gas Bad bump test? Time for calibration Slide 37 Detailed Procedures Read the manual Follow workplace procedures