hci history
DESCRIPTION
HCI History. Key people, events, ideas and paradigm shifts. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
1
HCI History
Key people, events, ideas and paradigm shifts
This material has been developed by Georgia Tech HCI faculty, and continues to evolve. Contributors include Gregory Abowd, Jim Foley, Diane Gromala, Elizabeth Mynatt, Jeff Pierce, Colin Potts, Chris Shaw, John Stasko, and Bruce Walker. This specific presentation also borrows from James Landay and Jason Hong at UC Berkeley. Comments directed to [email protected] are encouraged. Permission is granted to use with acknowledgement for non-profit purposes. Last revision: January 2004.
The Evolution of HCI • Series of technological advances
lead to and are sometimes facilitated by a
• Series of paradigm shifts that in turn are created by a
• Series of key people and events
3
Key People• People
Vannevar Bush J. R. (Lick) Licklider Ivan Sutherland Doug Engelbart Alan Kay Ted Nelson Nicholas Negroponte Mark Weiser Jaron Lanier
ENIAC - World's first computer, 1943
From IBM Archives.
Mark I paper tape readers, 1944
From Harvard University Cruft Photo Laboratory.
Program loopswere actual loops
IBM SSEC (1948)
• From IBM Archives.
Filled about ½ a football field
Stretch - IBM’s first transistorized supercomputer, 1961
From IBM Archives.
8
Context - Computing in 1960s• Computers still primarily
used by scientists and engineers
• Computers were primarily used with batch processing No “interaction” between
operator and computer after starting the run
Punch cards, tapes for input,paper printouts for output
Vacuum Tube
Jason Hong / James Landay, UC Berkeley
9
J. R. Licklider, 1960• Postulated “man-computer symbiosis”
• Couple human brains and computing machinestightly to revolutionizeinformation handling
Pre-requisite to man-computer symbiosis• Time sharing of computers among
many users• Electronic I/O• Interactive real time system for
information processing and programming
Intermediate and long-term goals• Combination of speech recognition,
hand-printed character recognition & light-pen editing natural language understanding speech recognition of arbitrary
computer users• heuristic programming
12
Ivan Sutherland, 1963• SketchPad - 1963 PhD thesis at MIT
Hierarchy - pictures & subpictures Master picture with instances (ie, OOP) Constraints Icons Copying Light pen input device Recursive operations